家兔遗传多样性及系统发生关系的微卫星分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08051

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了揭示我国家兔资源的遗传现状, 本文从30个微卫星位点中筛选出10个位点, 对22个家兔品种(系)的遗传变异进行了分析。结果表明: 22个家兔品种(系)在10个微卫星座位上的平均有效等位基因数为3.0-4.6; 平均多态信息含量在0.4997-0.7009之间, 多为高度多态, 说明家兔有丰富的遗传多样性。各品种之间的遗传距离(D_S)较近, 在0.0087-1.2712之间, 其中以美系獭兔和德系獭兔间距离最近, 为0.0087。德国大白兔与长毛兔之间距离最远, 为1.2712。根据遗传距离做聚类图, 可以看出中国22个家兔品种被分为三大类: 吉戎-Ⅰ系和吉戎-Ⅱ系成一类, 塞北兔、哈白兔聚为一类, 其他品种聚为一大类。该研究结果将为中国家兔品种的保护和利用提供重要的科学依据。

关键词: 家兔, 微卫星标记, 遗传多样性, 系统发生关系

Abstract

Genetic diversity of 22 rabbit breeds were investigated using 10 microsatellite DNA markers. The results showed that the average number of effective alleles ranged from 3.0 to 4.6, and the polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.4997 to 0.7009, showing highly polymorphic. The lowest genetic distance (0.0087) was observed between American rex rabbit and Germany rex rabbit, while the highest genetic distance (1.2712) was observed between Germany white rabbit and Changm. UPGMA cluster analysis based on genetic distance showed that the 22 breeds could be divided into three groups. The first group contained Jirong-Ⅰand Jirong-Ⅱ rabbit, Saibei rabbit and Habai rabbit comprised a second group, and the other populations in the third group. The results may provide theoretical basis for conservation and exploitation of rabbit breeds in China.

Key words: rabbit, microsatellite marker, genetic diversity, phylogenetic relationship

孙红梅, 邢秀梅, 荣敏, 丛波 (2008) 家兔遗传多样性及系统发生关系的微卫星分析. 生物多样性, 16, 492-497. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08051.

Hongmei Sun, Xiumei Xing, Min Rong, Bo Cong (2008) Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of rabbit breeds based on microsatellite DNA markers. Biodiversity Science, 16, 492-497. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08051.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08051

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2008/V16/I5/492

图/表 5

参考文献 17

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代号 Code	品种 Breeds	数量 Sample size	采集地点 Collecting location
Meita	美系獭兔 American rex rabbit	60	吉林梨树 Lishu, Jilin
Deta	德系獭兔 Germany rex rabbit	60	吉林辽源 Liaoyuan, Jilin
Fata	法系獭兔 French rex rabbit	48	山东莱州 Laizhou, Shandong
Changm	长毛兔 Angor	60	山东诸城 Zhucheng, Shandong
Jione	吉戎-I 系 Jirong-I rabbit	56	吉林大学兔场 Rabbit Farm of Jilin University
Jirtwo	吉戎-Ⅱ系 Jirong-Ⅱrabbit	63	吉林大学兔场 Rabbit Farm of Jilin University
Habai	哈白兔 Habai rabbit	40	吉林省农安县小城子乡 Xiaochengzi Town, Nongan, Jilin
Taihan	太行山兔 Taihangshan rabbit	55	江苏徐州 Xuzhou, Jiangsu
Mibai	密州白兔 Mizhou white rabbit	25	山东诸城 Zhucheng, Shandong
Mihuan	密州黄兔 Mizhou yellow rabbit	30	山东诸城 Zhucheng, Shandong
Saibei	塞北兔 Saibei rabbit	34	黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市 Qiqihaer, Heilongjiang
Fuhuan	福建黄兔 Fujian yellow rabbit	60	福建省连城县 Liancheng, Fujian
Jiangx	江西万载兔 Jiangxi wanzai rabbit	60	江西万载县 Wanzai, Jiangxi
Sichua	四川白兔 Sichuan white rabbit	60	四川成都市 Chengdu, Sichuan
Yila	伊拉兔 Yila rabbit	64	山东省安丘县 Anqiu, Shandong
Yipulv	伊普吕兔 Yipulv rabbit	66	吉林省镇赉 Zhenlai, Jilin
Bulie	布列塔尼亚兔 Bulietaniya rabbit	29	吉林省四平市 Siping, Jilin
Bilish	比利时兔 Belgium rabbit	60	吉林省镇赉 Zhenlai, Jilin
Deda	德国大白兔 Germany white rabbit	36	山西省农科院 Institute of Agriculture Sciences of Shanxi Province
Jialif	加利福尼亚兔 Califonia rabbit	60	中国农业大学兔场 Rabbit Farm of China Agriculture University
Ribend	日本大耳白兔 Japanese rabbit	60	江苏省徐州市 Xuzhou, Jiangsu
Xinxil	新西兰兔 New Zealand rabbit	60	吉林省农安县小城子乡 Xiaochengzi Town, Nongan, Jilin

代号 Code	品种 Breeds	数量 Sample size	采集地点 Collecting location
Meita	美系獭兔 American rex rabbit	60	吉林梨树 Lishu, Jilin
Deta	德系獭兔 Germany rex rabbit	60	吉林辽源 Liaoyuan, Jilin
Fata	法系獭兔 French rex rabbit	48	山东莱州 Laizhou, Shandong
Changm	长毛兔 Angor	60	山东诸城 Zhucheng, Shandong
Jione	吉戎-I 系 Jirong-I rabbit	56	吉林大学兔场 Rabbit Farm of Jilin University
Jirtwo	吉戎-Ⅱ系 Jirong-Ⅱrabbit	63	吉林大学兔场 Rabbit Farm of Jilin University
Habai	哈白兔 Habai rabbit	40	吉林省农安县小城子乡 Xiaochengzi Town, Nongan, Jilin
Taihan	太行山兔 Taihangshan rabbit	55	江苏徐州 Xuzhou, Jiangsu
Mibai	密州白兔 Mizhou white rabbit	25	山东诸城 Zhucheng, Shandong
Mihuan	密州黄兔 Mizhou yellow rabbit	30	山东诸城 Zhucheng, Shandong
Saibei	塞北兔 Saibei rabbit	34	黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市 Qiqihaer, Heilongjiang
Fuhuan	福建黄兔 Fujian yellow rabbit	60	福建省连城县 Liancheng, Fujian
Jiangx	江西万载兔 Jiangxi wanzai rabbit	60	江西万载县 Wanzai, Jiangxi
Sichua	四川白兔 Sichuan white rabbit	60	四川成都市 Chengdu, Sichuan
Yila	伊拉兔 Yila rabbit	64	山东省安丘县 Anqiu, Shandong
Yipulv	伊普吕兔 Yipulv rabbit	66	吉林省镇赉 Zhenlai, Jilin
Bulie	布列塔尼亚兔 Bulietaniya rabbit	29	吉林省四平市 Siping, Jilin
Bilish	比利时兔 Belgium rabbit	60	吉林省镇赉 Zhenlai, Jilin
Deda	德国大白兔 Germany white rabbit	36	山西省农科院 Institute of Agriculture Sciences of Shanxi Province
Jialif	加利福尼亚兔 Califonia rabbit	60	中国农业大学兔场 Rabbit Farm of China Agriculture University
Ribend	日本大耳白兔 Japanese rabbit	60	江苏省徐州市 Xuzhou, Jiangsu
Xinxil	新西兰兔 New Zealand rabbit	60	吉林省农安县小城子乡 Xiaochengzi Town, Nongan, Jilin

座位 Locus	引物序列 (5'-3') Primer sequence	退火温度 Annealing temperature (℃)
6L1F10	F: CAGAAGGGCATTTGTTTTG R: TGATTCTTTCTTCTGCCTCTTA	64
6L2H3	F: CAAATGAAATGAGGAGGGAGATA R: CATTGAGGACATTTGAGTAGTGAG	61
7L1B10	F: TTGGCAGGAAGAAAAGGAAGA R: TT TTTGTCATAAGCATTTGGGAAGTG	64
12L1C2	F: AGGGGCCTCCATCCTCTACA R: ATTATGTGTCAGGCAGGCTGTGTC	67
12L1E11	F: AGTGGTAGCGCTTTGGTCTG R: GCTCCTTGGGGCATTTG	66
12L4A1	F: GCTAATTACCCAAAGGAACATACA R: CAGTGCAAATTTGGAAGGTCT	62
12L5A6	F: GGTGTGAACCACTAGATAGAA R: CAAAATTAGGTCCCTTGTAGT	55
19L1G5	F: AGTTGCTCCCACCCGATTTTA R: TGCTGTTGGGAGTAGATTGACC	64
L7C11	F: ATGGCACCAATAATGTC R: TTTGGCAATAGATGAGG	54
L8B5	F: TGTATGCCATGCTTTTAGTATTA R: TTTGCCCATTCTTTTGGTAT	60

座位 Locus	引物序列 (5'-3') Primer sequence	退火温度 Annealing temperature (℃)
6L1F10	F: CAGAAGGGCATTTGTTTTG R: TGATTCTTTCTTCTGCCTCTTA	64
6L2H3	F: CAAATGAAATGAGGAGGGAGATA R: CATTGAGGACATTTGAGTAGTGAG	61
7L1B10	F: TTGGCAGGAAGAAAAGGAAGA R: TT TTTGTCATAAGCATTTGGGAAGTG	64
12L1C2	F: AGGGGCCTCCATCCTCTACA R: ATTATGTGTCAGGCAGGCTGTGTC	67
12L1E11	F: AGTGGTAGCGCTTTGGTCTG R: GCTCCTTGGGGCATTTG	66
12L4A1	F: GCTAATTACCCAAAGGAACATACA R: CAGTGCAAATTTGGAAGGTCT	62
12L5A6	F: GGTGTGAACCACTAGATAGAA R: CAAAATTAGGTCCCTTGTAGT	55
19L1G5	F: AGTTGCTCCCACCCGATTTTA R: TGCTGTTGGGAGTAGATTGACC	64
L7C11	F: ATGGCACCAATAATGTC R: TTTGGCAATAGATGAGG	54
L8B5	F: TGTATGCCATGCTTTTAGTATTA R: TTTGCCCATTCTTTTGGTAT	60

品种 Breeds	多态信息含量 (PIC)
美系獭兔 Meita	0.6246	0.8517	0.6888	3.3	福建黄兔 Fuhuan	0.6541	0.8133	0.7155	4.3
德系獭兔 Deta	0.6381	0.8333	0.6993	3.5	江西万载兔 Jiangx	0.6598	0.8133	0.7183	4.4
法系獭兔 Fata	0.6362	0.8688	0.6993	3.4	四川白兔 Sichua	0.6596	0.8384	0.7166	4.3
长毛兔 Changm	0.6263	0.8633	0.7038	3.5	伊拉兔 Yila	0.6552	0.8813	0.7145	4.0
吉戎-I系 Jione	0.7009	0.6268	0.5972	3.8	伊普吕兔 Yipulv	0.6848	0.9015	0.7378	4.6
吉戎-Ⅱ系 Jirtwo	0.6527	0.6175	0.6671	4.1	布列塔尼亚兔 Bulie	0.6674	0.9035	0.7369	4.2
哈白兔 Habai	0.6937	0.6175	0.6826	3.9	比利时兔 Bilish	0.5704	0.8233	0.6418	4.0
太行山兔 Taihan	0.6351	0.5720	0.6512	4.2	德国大白兔 Deda	0.5336	0.7550	0.6028	3.6
密州白兔 Mibai	0.6361	0.5760	0.5885	3.5	加利福尼亚兔 Jialif	0.4997	0.7667	0.5897	3.0
密州黄兔 Mihuan	0.6158	0.6100	0.6539	4.2	日本大耳白兔 Ribend	0.5621	0.7583	0.6210	4.1
塞北兔 Saibei	0.6944	0.4884	0.6693	3.8	新西兰兔 Xinxil	0.5418	0.7667	0.6055	4.1