2013-2023年浙江乌岩岭次生常绿阔叶林群落动态变化

doi:10.17520/biods.2024372

生物多样性 ›› 2024, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (12): 24372. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024372 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2024372

2013-2023年浙江乌岩岭次生常绿阔叶林群落动态变化

单航¹, 雷祖培², 郑方东², 韦博良¹^,², 仲磊¹^,², 于明坚¹^,^*()()

1.浙江大学生命科学学院, 杭州 310058
2.浙江乌岩岭国家级自然保护区管理中心, 浙江泰顺 325500

收稿日期:2024-08-18 接受日期:2024-12-11 出版日期:2024-12-20 发布日期:2025-01-09
通讯作者: *E-mail: fishmj@zju.edu.cn
基金资助:
浙江省“尖兵” “领雁”研发攻关计划(2023C03137);浙江省“尖兵” “领雁”研发攻关计划(2022C02053)

Dynamic changes in the community of a secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest in Wuyanling, Zhejiang Province from 2013 to 2023

Hang Shan¹, Zupei Lei², Fangdong Zheng², Boliang Wei¹^,², Lei Zhong¹^,², Mingjian Yu¹^,^*()()

1. College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
2. Zhejiang Wuyanling National Nature Reserve Management Bureau, Taishun, Zhejiang 325500, China

Received:2024-08-18 Accepted:2024-12-11 Online:2024-12-20 Published:2025-01-09
Contact: *E-mail: fishmj@zju.edu.cn
Supported by:
“Pioneer” and “Leading Goose” R&D Program of Zhejiang(2023C03137);“Pioneer” and “Leading Goose” R&D Program of Zhejiang(2022C02053)

1. 附录.pdf(435KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究次生常绿阔叶林的动态变化对于理解常绿阔叶林群落的形成和维持具有重要意义。本研究分别于2013年、2018年和2023年对浙江省乌岩岭9 ha亚热带次生常绿阔叶林动态监测样地中胸径(DBH) ≥ 1 cm的木本植物个体进行了3次调查, 以研究次生常绿阔叶林群落动态变化规律。结果表明: (1) 10年间样地内重要值排名前10位的物种未发生变化, 但植物群落的物种多样性和多度显著下降, 个别稀有种消失。(2)小径级个体的比例逐渐减少, 中径级和大径级个体的比例逐渐增加; 不同叶生活型和地形生境中植物个体的比例基本保持稳定。(3)植物的死亡率随着径级的增加而降低, 且在不同地形生境间存在差异。(4)与2013-2018年相比, 2018-2023年植物的死亡率整体有所下降, 植物的补员率急剧下降。以上结果表明优势种对资源的竞争优势促进了乌岩岭次生常绿阔叶林群落的动态变化。本研究结果为次生常绿阔叶林的生态恢复和生物多样性保护策略提供了重要的科学依据。

关键词: 次生常绿阔叶林, 演替, 群落结构, 死亡率, 补员率

Abstract

Aims: Studying the dynamic changes in secondary evergreen broad-leaved forests is crucial for understanding the formation and maintenance of these forest communities. This study aimed to investigate the dynamic changes in a subtropical secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest, providing a scientific basis for developing forest conservation and restoration strategies.

Methods: We selected a 9 ha subtropical secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest dynamics plot in the Wuyanling National Nature Reserve, Zhejiang Province, as the research site. We conducted thorough surveys of woody plants with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 1 cm in 2013, 2018, and 2023. We analyzed and compared the changes in community composition, structure, and dynamics over these years.

Results: (1) Over the past 10 years, the top 10 species by importance value within the plot have remained unchanged. However, there has been a significant decline in plant species diversity and abundance, with some rare species disappearing. (2) The proportion of small-diameter individuals decreased, while the proportions of medium-diameter and large-diameter individuals gradually increased. The proportions of plant individuals across different leaf life forms and habitats have remained relatively stable. (3) The mortality rate of plants decreased with increasing diameter and varied across different habitats. (4) Compared to the period from 2013 to 2018, the overall plant mortality rate decreased during the period from 2018 to 2023, and the recruitment rate sharply declined.

Conclusion: In the late succession stage of the 9 ha secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest dynamics plot at Wuyanling, the stability and competitive advantages of dominant species have led to a gradual decrease in diversity and the abundance of individual trees, with some rare species disappearing. The decreasing proportion of small-diameter individuals and the lower mortality rate suggest that the community is transitioning into a mature stage of succession. However, the sharp decline in the recruitment rate of plants within the plot indicates that the community’ development faces significant challenges.

Key words: secondary evergreen broad-leaved forests, succession, community structure, mortality rate, recruitment rate

单航, 雷祖培, 郑方东, 韦博良, 仲磊, 于明坚 (2024) 2013-2023年浙江乌岩岭次生常绿阔叶林群落动态变化. 生物多样性, 32, 24372. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024372.

Hang Shan, Zupei Lei, Fangdong Zheng, Boliang Wei, Lei Zhong, Mingjian Yu (2024) Dynamic changes in the community of a secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest in Wuyanling, Zhejiang Province from 2013 to 2023. Biodiversity Science, 32, 24372. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024372.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2024372

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2024/V32/I12/24372

图/表 8

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物种 Species	生长型 Growth form	多度 Abundance			重要值 IV (%)			重要值排序 Order of IV
物种 Species	生长型 Growth form	2013	2018	2023	2013	2018	2023	2013	2018	2023
甜槠 Castanopsis eyrei	乔木 Tree	1,958	1,469	1,131	6.99	6.46	5.82	1	1	1
褐叶青冈 Cyclobalanopsis stewardiana	乔木 Tree	2,557	2,272	1,986	5.73	5.76	5.76	2	2	2
鹿角杜鹃 Rhododendron latoucheae	小乔木 Small tree	7,077	6,476	5,947	5.10	5.30	5.42	3	3	3
木荷 Schima superba	乔木 Tree	1,786	1,557	1,450	4.89	5.07	5.28	4	4	4
窄基红褐柃 Eurya rubiginosa var. attenuata	灌木 Shrub	6,760	6,143	5,736	3.97	4.13	4.25	5	5	5
浙江新木姜子 Neolitsea aurata var. chekiangensis	小乔木 Small tree	3,493	3,272	3,139	3.05	3.29	3.46	6	6	6
马银花 Rhododendron ovatum	小乔木 Small tree	4,010	3,800	3,567	3.00	3.24	3.36	7	7	7
尖连蕊茶 Camellia cuspidata	灌木 Shrub	4,236	4,146	3,979	2.86	3.17	3.34	8	8	8
短尾柯 Lithocarpus brevicaudatus	乔木 Tree	772	683	606	2.68	2.73	2.68	9	10	10
红楠 Machilus thunbergii	乔木 Tree	1,814	1,675	1,589	2.65	2.74	2.85	10	9	9

物种 Species	生长型 Growth form	多度 Abundance			重要值 IV (%)			重要值排序 Order of IV
物种 Species	生长型 Growth form	2013	2018	2023	2013	2018	2023	2013	2018	2023
甜槠 Castanopsis eyrei	乔木 Tree	1,958	1,469	1,131	6.99	6.46	5.82	1	1	1
褐叶青冈 Cyclobalanopsis stewardiana	乔木 Tree	2,557	2,272	1,986	5.73	5.76	5.76	2	2	2
鹿角杜鹃 Rhododendron latoucheae	小乔木 Small tree	7,077	6,476	5,947	5.10	5.30	5.42	3	3	3
木荷 Schima superba	乔木 Tree	1,786	1,557	1,450	4.89	5.07	5.28	4	4	4
窄基红褐柃 Eurya rubiginosa var. attenuata	灌木 Shrub	6,760	6,143	5,736	3.97	4.13	4.25	5	5	5
浙江新木姜子 Neolitsea aurata var. chekiangensis	小乔木 Small tree	3,493	3,272	3,139	3.05	3.29	3.46	6	6	6
马银花 Rhododendron ovatum	小乔木 Small tree	4,010	3,800	3,567	3.00	3.24	3.36	7	7	7
尖连蕊茶 Camellia cuspidata	灌木 Shrub	4,236	4,146	3,979	2.86	3.17	3.34	8	8	8
短尾柯 Lithocarpus brevicaudatus	乔木 Tree	772	683	606	2.68	2.73	2.68	9	10	10
红楠 Machilus thunbergii	乔木 Tree	1,814	1,675	1,589	2.65	2.74	2.85	10	9	9

影响因素 Influence factors	β	标准误 SE	Wald	P	优势比 Odds ratio	95%置信区间 95% confidence interval
地形生境 Topographic habitat types
低沟 Valley					1.000
低坡 Low slope	0.105	0.034	9.444	0.002	1.111	1.039-1.188
高坡 High slope	-0.085	0.036	5.547	0.019	0.918	0.856-0.986
高沟 High gully	0.023	0.037	0.379	0.538	1.023	0.952-1.100
山脊 Ridge	0.094	0.044	4.650	0.031	1.099	1.009-1.197
鞍部 Saddle	0.155	0.046	11.186	0.001	1.167	1.066-1.278
叶生活型 Leaf life forms
常绿阔叶 Evergreen broad-leaved					1.000
落叶阔叶 Deciduous broad-leaved	-0.095	0.161	0.350	0.554	0.909	0.663-1.247
针叶 Coniferous	0.094	0.165	0.327	0.567	1.099	0.795-1.518
径级 Size classes
1-5 cm					1.000
5-10 cm	0.919	0.041	507.650	0.000	2.506	2.314-2.715
> 10 cm	0.529	0.049	118.365	0.000	1.697	1.543-1.867
常量 Constant	-2.562	0.167	235.878	0.000	0.077	-

影响因素 Influence factors	β	标准误 SE	Wald	P	优势比 Odds ratio	95%置信区间 95% confidence interval
地形生境 Topographic habitat types
低沟 Valley					1.000
低坡 Low slope	0.105	0.034	9.444	0.002	1.111	1.039-1.188
高坡 High slope	-0.085	0.036	5.547	0.019	0.918	0.856-0.986
高沟 High gully	0.023	0.037	0.379	0.538	1.023	0.952-1.100
山脊 Ridge	0.094	0.044	4.650	0.031	1.099	1.009-1.197
鞍部 Saddle	0.155	0.046	11.186	0.001	1.167	1.066-1.278
叶生活型 Leaf life forms
常绿阔叶 Evergreen broad-leaved					1.000
落叶阔叶 Deciduous broad-leaved	-0.095	0.161	0.350	0.554	0.909	0.663-1.247
针叶 Coniferous	0.094	0.165	0.327	0.567	1.099	0.795-1.518
径级 Size classes
1-5 cm					1.000
5-10 cm	0.919	0.041	507.650	0.000	2.506	2.314-2.715
> 10 cm	0.529	0.049	118.365	0.000	1.697	1.543-1.867
常量 Constant	-2.562	0.167	235.878	0.000	0.077	-

影响因素 Influence factors	β	标准误 SE	Wald	P	优势比 Odds ratio	95%置信区间 95% confidence interval
地形生境 Topographic habitat types
低沟 Valley					1.000
低坡 Low slope	0.136	0.044	9.613	0.002	1.145	1.051-1.248
高坡 High slope	0.167	0.044	14.306	0.000	1.182	1.084-1.289
高沟 High gully	0.074	0.047	2.440	0.118	1.076	0.981-1.181
山脊 Ridge	0.112	0.056	4.050	0.044	1.118	1.003-1.247
鞍部 Saddle	0.102	0.060	2.868	0.090	1.107	0.984-1.245
叶生活型 Leaf life forms
常绿阔叶 Evergreen broad-leaved					1.000
落叶阔叶 Deciduous broad-leaved	-0.344	0.180	3.634	0.057	0.709	0.498-1.010
针叶 Coniferous	-0.505	0.187	7.323	0.007	0.603	0.418-0.870
径级 Size classes
1-5 cm					1.000
5-10 cm	0.448	0.042	114.210	0.000	1.565	1.442-1.699
> 10 cm	0.081	0.052	2.384	0.123	1.084	0.978-1.202
常量 Constant	-2.313	0.186	155.001	0.000	0.099	-

2013-2023年浙江乌岩岭次生常绿阔叶林群落动态变化

Dynamic changes in the community of a secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest in Wuyanling, Zhejiang Province from 2013 to 2023

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类别 Category		补员数量 Recruitment number		补员率 Recruitment rate (%)
类别 Category		2013-2018	2018-2023	2013-2018	2018-2023
整体 Total		1,122	343	1.57	0.55
叶生活型 Leaf life forms	常绿阔叶 Evergreen broad-leaved	1,094	328	1.69	0.58
	落叶阔叶 Deciduous broad-leaved	26	12	0.40	0.22
	针叶 Coniferous	2	3	0.61	1.05
地形生境 Topographic habitat types	低沟 Valley	259	49	1.47	0.32
	低坡 Low slope	334	42	2.10	0.29
	高坡 High slope	153	59	1.18	0.52
	高沟 High gully	80	44	1.13	0.71
	山脊 Ridge	120	75	2.15	1.54
	鞍部 Saddle	176	74	1.44	0.69

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