生物多样性 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 21448.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021448

所属专题: 昆虫多样性与生态功能

• 研究报告: 动物多样性 • 上一篇    下一篇

燕山地区访花昆虫多样性及其影响因子

韩艺茹1,2, 薛琪琪1,2, 宋厚娟1, 祁靖宇1,2, 高瑞贺1,2, 崔绍朋1,2, 门丽娜1,2,*(), 张志伟1,2,*()   

  1. 1.山西农业大学林学院, 山西太谷 030801
    2.山西省林业危险性有害生物检验鉴定中心, 山西太谷 030801
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-09 接受日期:2022-01-29 出版日期:2022-03-20 发布日期:2022-03-02
  • 通讯作者: 门丽娜,张志伟
  • 作者简介:linamen81@163.com
    *E-mail: zhiweizhang2012@163.com;
  • 基金资助:
    生物多样性调查评估项目(2019HJ2096001006);国家自然科学基金(32171806);山西省基础研究计划(自由探索类);山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2021-067);山西省林业重点研发计划专项

Diversity and influencing factors of flower-visiting insects in the Yanshan area

Yiru Han1,2, Qiqi Xue1,2, Houjuan Song1, Jingyu Qi1,2, Ruihe Gao1,2, Shaopeng Cui1,2, Lina Men1,2,*(), Zhiwei Zhang1,2,*()   

  1. 1 College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801
    2 Shanxi Forestry Dangerous Pest Inspection and Identification Center, Taigu, Shanxi 030801
  • Received:2021-11-09 Accepted:2022-01-29 Online:2022-03-20 Published:2022-03-02
  • Contact: Lina Men,Zhiwei Zhang

摘要:

为了解燕山地区访花昆虫的群落结构及与其生境类型、干扰程度、海拔之间的关系, 本文采用样线法和灯诱法于2019年、2020年每年的7-8月对该地区湿地、森林、灌丛、草地、农田5种生境, 不同海拔梯度(0-1,200 m)的访花昆虫进行了采集。共采集访花昆虫1,306头, 隶属7目44科153种, 其中鳞翅目昆虫物种数最多, 半翅目昆虫个体数最多。灌丛生境的访花昆虫多样性最高。在中低海拔200-400 m段, Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数和Simpson优势度指数均最高。双变量回归结果表明, Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Margalef丰富度指数分别与最暖季降水量和年降水量显著正相关(P < 0.05)。冗余分析(redundancy analysis)结果表明, 环境因子显著影响访花昆虫多样性, 但不同测度之间存在一定差异。温度和湿度均与Pielou均匀度指数呈正相关, 与Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数和Simpson优势度指数呈负相关; 弱干扰和中干扰程度对访花昆虫多样性影响最小, 科学管理农牧活动是保护访花昆虫多样性的关键。

关键词: 访花昆虫, 多样性, 干扰程度, 冗余分析, 燕山地区

Abstract

Aim Our aim is to clarify the relationship between diversity and community structure of flower-visiting insects and their habitat type, disturbance degree, and altitude in the Yanshan area.

Methods Throughout July-August of 2019 and 2020, we collected flower-visiting insects in five habitats, including wetland, forest, shrub, grassland and farmland, with different gradients of 0-1,200 m above the sea level by using the method of transects and light lures.

Result A total of 1,306 flower-visiting insects were collected, belonging to 153 species, 44 families, and 7 orders, among which Lepidoptera had the largest number of species and Hemiptera had the largest number of individuals. The diversity of flower-visiting insects is highest in the shrub cluster. The Shannon-Wiener, Margalef, and Simpson indices are the highest in the middle and low altitudes of 200-400 m. The results of bivariate regression indicate that the Shannon-Wiener and Margalef indices are positively correlated with precipitation in the warmest season and annual precipitation respectively (P< 0.05). Redundancy analysis (RDA) demonstrated that environmental factors significantly affected the diversity of flower-visiting insects, but there was some variation among different measures. Temperature and humidity are positively correlated with the Pielou index and negatively correlated with the Shannon-Wiener, Margalef, and Simpson indices. The results further indicate that scientific management of husbandry activities is the key to protecting the diversity of flower-visiting insects.

Conclusion Scientific management of husbandry activities is the key to protecting the diversity of flower-visiting insects.

Key words: flower-visiting insects, diversity, disturbance degree, redundancy analysis, Yanshan area