广州南沙十四涌潮间带大型底栖动物的功能群

doi:10.17520/biods.2015270

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

大型底栖动物根据食性可分为浮游生物食者(planktophagous, Pl)、植食者(phytophagous, Ph)、肉食者(carnivorous, C)、杂食者(omnivorous, O)和碎屑食者(detritivorous, D)五个功能群。本文根据2007-2008年度和2013-2014年度在茳芏(Cyperus malaccensis)、海桑(Sonneratia caseolaris)2种生境调查获得的各4个季度的大型底栖动物数据, 分析了广州南沙十四涌潮间带大型底栖动物功能群的生境差异、季节变化和年际变化。2007-2008年度采集到26种大型底栖动物, 低于2013-2014年度的36种。无论是2007-2008年度还是2013-2014年度, 茳芏、海桑生境的大型底栖动物均以植食者的栖息密度和生物量最高, 碎屑食者的栖息密度和生物量最低。生境比较得出, 茳芏生境大型底栖动物浮游生物食者(Pl)的丰富度指数(d)、均匀度指数(J)和多样性指数(H')均高于海桑生境。年度比较得出, 在茳芏和海桑生境, 2013-2014年度浮游生物食者的丰富度指数、均匀度指数和多样性指数均高于2007-2008年度, 这是因为2013-2014年度采集到红树蚬(Gelonia coaxans)和彩虹明樱蛤(Morerlla iridescens)等, 而2007-2008年度没有采集到。

关键词: 大型底栖动物, 功能群, 生境, 潮间带, 十四涌

Abstract

Benthic macrofauna were classified into 5 functional groups, i.e. planktophagous (Pl), phytophagous (Ph), carnivorous (C), omnivorous (O) and detritivorous (D). The biotope difference, seasonal and annual variations of functional group of benthic macrofauna in the intertidal zone of the 14th Yong of Nansha, Guangzhou were analyzed in this study according to the four seasonal data of benthic macrofauna collected in two biotopes (Cyperus malaccensis and Sonneratia caseolaris) in 2007-2008 and 2013-2014. A total of 26 species were recorded in 2007-2008, which was lower than 36 species in 2013-2014. Both in 2007-2008 and 2013-2014, phytophagous group showed the highest value while detritivorous group shared the lowest one in density and biomass. Habitat comparison showed that the abundance index (d), evenness index (J) and diversity index (H') of planktophagous group in Cyperus malaccensis habitat were all higher than those in Sonneratia caseolaris habitat. Annual comparison showed that the abundance index, evenness index and diversity index of planktophagous group in 2013-2014 were all higher than those in 2007 -2008 both in Cyperus malaccensis and Sonneratia caseolaris habitats because the planktophagous such as Gelonia coaxans and Morerlla iridescens and so on were collected in 2013-2014 but they were not found in 2007-2008.

Key words: benthic macrofauna, functional group, habitat, intertidal zone, the 14th Yong

颜露露, 蔡立哲, 陈昕韡, 李国强, 李文君, 曾佳丽, 饶义勇 (2016) 广州南沙十四涌潮间带大型底栖动物的功能群. 生物多样性, 24, 802-810. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015270.

Lulu Yan, Lizhe Cai, Xinwei Chen, Guoqiang Li, Wenjun Li, Jiali Zeng, Yiyong Rao (2016) Functional groups of benthic macrofauna in the 14th Yong intertidal zone of Nansha, Guangzhou. Biodiversity Science, 24, 802-810. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015270.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2015270

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2016/V24/I7/802

图/表 5

图1 广州南沙十四涌潮间带大型底栖动物采样站位图

Fig. 1 Sampling sites of benthic macrofauna in the 14th Yong intertidal zone of Nansha, Guangzhou

图2 2007-2008年度(A)和2013-2014年度(B)大型底栖动物功能群物种组成。Cm: Cyperus malaccensis; Sc: Sonneratia caseolaris; Pl: 浮游生物食者; Ph: 植食者; C: 肉食者; O: 杂食者; D: 碎屑食者。

Fig. 2 Species composition of benthic macrofauna functional groups in 2007-2008 (A) and 2013-2014 (B). Cm: Cyperus malaccensis; Sc: Sonneratia caseolaris; Pl: Planktonphagous; Ph: Phytophagous; C: Carnivorous; O: Omnivorous; D: Detritivorous.

图3 2007-2008年度(A)和2013-2014年度(B)大型底栖动物功能群栖息密度组成。Cm: Cyperus malaccensis; Sc: Sonneratia caseolaris; Pl: 浮游生物食者; Ph: 植食者; C: 肉食者; O: 杂食者; D: 碎屑食者。

Fig. 3 Density composition of benthic macrofauna functional groups in 2007-2008 (A) and 2013-2014 (B). Cm: Cyperus malaccensis; Sc: Sonneratia caseolaris; Pl: Planktonphagous; Ph: Phytophagous; C: Carnivorous; O: Omnivorous; D: Detritivorous

图4 2007-2008年度(A)和2013-2014年度(B)大型底栖动物功能群生物量组成。Cm: Cyperus malaccensis; Sc: Sonneratia caseolaris; Pl: 浮游生物食者; Ph: 植食者; C: 肉食者; O: 杂食者; D: 碎屑食者。

Fig. 4 Biomass composition of benthic macrofauna functional groups in 2007-2008 (A) and 2013-2014 (B). Cm: Cyperus malaccensis; Sc: Sonneratia caseolaris; Pl: Planktonphagous; Ph: Phytophagous; C: Carnivorous; O: Omnivorous; D: Detritivorous

表1 广州南沙十四涌潮间带大型底栖动物各功能群的Margalef丰度指数(d)、Pielou均匀度指数(J)和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H’)

Table 1 Abundance index (d), evenness index (J) and diversity index (H') of benthic macrofauna functional groups in the 14th Yong intertidal zone of Nansha, Guangzhou

生境和季节 Habitats and seasons		浮游生物食者(Pl)			植食者(Ph)						肉食者(C)						杂食者(O)						碎屑食者(D)
生境和季节 Habitats and seasons		d	J	H'		d		J		H'		d		J		H'		d		J		H'		d		J		H'
2007-2008年度	茳芏 Cyperus malaccensis	0.16	0.14	0.10	0.62		0.22		0.50		0.87		0.55		1.42		0.67		0.56		1.12		0.00		-		0.00
	海桑 Sonneratia caseolaris	0.00	-	0.00	0.50		0.05		0.10		0.55		0.28		0.56		0.96		0.36		0.83		-		-		0.00
	夏季 Summer	0.00	-	0.00	0.19		0.05		0.05		0.82		0.41		0.95		0.26		0.36		0.36		-		-		0.00
	秋季 Autumn	0.00	-	0.00	0.23		0.10		0.10		0.43		0.38		0.60		0.39		0.39		0.39		0.00		-		0.00
	冬季 Winter	0.17	0.17	0.12	0.62		0.20		0.47		0.99		0.57		1.47		0.97		0.69		1.56		0.00		-		0.00
	春季 Spring	0.00	-	0.00	0.20		0.06		0.06		0.41		0.52		0.82		0.00		-		0.00		-		-		0.00
	全年 Whole year	0.16	0.13	0.09	0.72		0.14		0.37		0.80		0.43		1.12		0.99		0.44		1.14		0.00		-		0.00
2013-2014年度	茳芏 Cyperus malaccensis	1.34	0.57	1.61	0.18		0.04		0.04		1.63		0.50		1.67		0.63		0.26		0.52		0.00		-		0.00
	海桑 Sonneratia caseolaris	1.01	0.29	0.75	0.51		0.04		0.08		0.90		0.61		1.59		0.87		0.70		1.81		1.15		0.55		1.29
	夏季 Summer	0.81	0.46	0.92	1.01		0.30		0.78		0.41		0.77		1.22		0.58		0.68		1.36		1.92		0.97		2.25
	秋季 Autumn	0.79	0.86	1.72	0.19		0.05		0.05		0.81		0.45		1.05		0.38		0.86		1.36		0.72		0.81		0.81
	冬季 Winter	1.33	0.69	1.78	0.57		0.25		0.49		1.26		0.77		2.17		0.73		0.73		1.46		0.39		0.39		0.39
	春季 Spring	0.44	0.26	0.42	0.21		0.07		0.07		1.04		0.72		1.85		0.84		0.27		0.55		0.30		0.91		0.91
	全年 Whole year	1.83	0.40	1.40	1.08		0.14		0.42		1.60		0.52		1.78		0.98		0.61		1.71		1.51		0.58		1.62

参考文献 24

[1]	Bremner J, Rogers SI, Frid CLJ (2003) Assessing functional diversity in marine benthic systems: a comparison of approaches. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 254, 11-25.
[2]	Bremner J, Rogers SI, Frid CLJ (2006) Methods for describing ecological functioning of marine benthic assemblages using biological traits analysis (BTA). Ecological Indicators, 6, 609-622.
[3]	Cai LZ (2015) Zoobenthic Ecology in Shenzhen Bay. Xiamen University Press, Xiamen. (in Chinese)
	[蔡立哲 (2015) 深圳湾底栖动物生态学. 厦门大学出版社, 厦门.]
[4]	Chang H, Chen RX, Su J, Xiao JJ, Liao BW, Zhang GP (2007) Habitat and bird diversities of mangroves in Xinken, Guangzhou City. Sichuan Journal of Zoology, 26, 561-565. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[常弘, 陈仁先, 粟娟, 肖嘉杰, 廖宝文, 张国萍 (2007) 广州新垦红树林湿地鸟类多样性与生境分析. 四川动物, 26, 561-565.]
[5]	Cong JG (1998) The common invertebrate community and its diversity in the beach of intertidal zone, Yantai. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 18, 56-62. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[丛建国 (1998) 烟台潮间带底栖无脊椎动物群落和多样性研究. 生态学报, 18, 56-62.]
[6]	Douglas JS, Mitsch WJ (2003) A model of macroinvertebrate trophic structure and oxygen demand in freshwater wetlands. Ecological Modelling, 161, 183-194.
[7]	Engle VD, Summers JK (1999) Latitudinal gradients in benthic community composition in western Atlantic estuaries. Journal of Biogeography, 26, 1007-1023.
[8]	Ge BM, Bao YX, Cheng HY, Li HH, Hu ZY (2008) The trophic functional groups and trophic levels of the macrobenthic community at the east tidal flat of Lingkun Island. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 28, 4796-4804. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[葛宝明, 鲍毅新, 程宏毅, 李欢欢, 胡知渊 (2008) 灵昆岛东滩潮间带大型底栖动物功能群及营养等级构成. 生态学报, 28, 4796-4804.]
[9]	Huang L, Chen SB, Qiu JB, Ding WY, Zheng CF, Wu JG, Zhou ZM, Wang N (2013) Influences of artificial Kandelia obovata mangrove forest rehabilitation on the macrobenthos in Ximen Island. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 33, 3138-3147. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[黄丽, 陈少波, 仇建标, 丁文勇, 郑春芳, 伍锦姑, 周志明, 王宁 (2013) 西门岛人工秋茄林恢复对大型底栖生物的影响. 生态学报, 33, 3138-3147.]
[10]	Huang RJ, Cai LZ, Ye JQ, Zhou XP, Liu S, Xu P, Peng X, Cao J (2010) Macrofaunal community at three habitats in the 14th Yong intertidal zone of Nansha, Guangzhou. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 29, 1187-1192. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[黄睿婧, 蔡立哲, 叶洁琼, 周细平, 刘莎, 许鹏, 彭欣, 曹婧 (2010) 广州南沙十四涌潮间带三种生境的大型底栖动物群落比较. 生态学杂志, 29, 1187-1192.]
[11]	Li HH, Bao YX, Hu ZY, Ge BM (2007) Seasonal dynamics of macrobenthic functional groups and trophic levels in the bridge construction zone at the South Bank of Hangzhou Bay, China. Acta Zoologica Sinica, 53, 1011-1023. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[李欢欢, 鲍毅新, 胡知渊, 葛宝明 (2007) 杭州湾南岸大桥建设区域潮间带大型底栖动物功能群及营养等级的季节动态. 动物学报, 53, 1011-1023.]
[12]	Li SW, Liu YJ, Li F, Zhang Y, Xu ZF, Lü ZB, Wang TT, Zhang AB (2013) Macrobenthic functional groups in Laizhou Bay, East China. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 32, 380-388. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[李少文, 刘元进, 李凡, 张莹, 徐宗法, 吕振波, 王田田, 张爱波 (2013) 莱州湾大型底栖动物功能群现状. 生态学杂志, 32, 380-388.]
[13]	Li X, Cai LZ, Zhuo Y, Guo T, Rao YY, Yan LL, Fu SJ, Chen XW (2014) Functional groups of macrofauna in Xunpu intertidal zone, Quanzhou Bay. Marine Science Bulletin, 33, 497-504. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[李想, 蔡立哲, 卓异, 郭涛, 饶义勇, 颜露露, 傅素晶, 陈昕韡 (2014) 泉州湾蟳埔潮间带大型底栖动物功能群研究. 海洋通报, 33, 497-504.]
[14]	Liao BW, Wu M, Su J, Guan W, Li M, Chen YJ (2013) Environment and Biodiversity of Nansha Wetland. Guangdong Science and Technology Press, Guangzhou. (in Chinese)
	[廖宝文, 吴敏, 粟娟, 管伟, 李玫, 陈玉军 (2013) 南沙湿地环境与生物多样性. 广东科技出版社, 广州.]
[15]	Liao YB, Shou L, Zeng JN, Gao AG, Tang YB, Yan XJ, Chen QZ (2013) Functional groups of marine macrobenthos in relation to environmental factors around the Ximen Island National Marine Special Reserve, Zhejiang. Biodiversity Science, 21, 3-10. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[廖一波, 寿鹿, 曾江宁, 高爱根, 汤雁滨, 严小军, 陈全震 (2013) 浙江西门岛海洋特别保护区大型底栖动物功能群特征及其与环境的关系. 生物多样性, 21, 3-10.]
[16]	Liu S, Cai LZ, Xu P, Peng X, Cao J, Fu SJ (2011) Macrofaunal community at three botanic habitats in the 19th Yong of Nansha, Guangzhou. Journal of Quanzhou Normal University, 29(2), 1-7. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[刘莎, 蔡立哲, 许鹏, 彭欣, 曹婧, 傅素晶 (2011) 广州南沙十九涌三种植物生境的大型底栖动物群落. 泉州师范学院学报, 29(2), 1-7.]
[17]	Ma KP (1994) The measurement of community diversity. In: Principles and Methodologies of Biodiversity Studies (eds Qian YQ, Ma KP), pp. 141-165. Chinese Science and Technology Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[马克平 (1994) 生物群落多样性的测度方法. 见: 生物多样性研究的原理与方法 (钱迎倩, 马克平主编), 141-165. 中国科学技术出版社, 北京.]
[18]	Paganelli D, Marchini A, Occhipinti-Ambrogi A (2012) Functional structure of marine benthic assemblages using Biological Traits Analysis (BTA): a study along the Emilia-Romagna coastline (Italy, North-West Adriatic Sea). Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 96, 245-256.
[19]	Van der Linde P, Patricio J, Marchini A, Cid N, Neto JM, Marques JC (2012) A biological trait approach to assess the functional composition of subtidal benthic communities in an estuarine ecosystem. Ecological Indicators, 20, 121-133.
[20]	Wei DZ, Xiang CY, Bao YX, Li LF, Zhang SS (2012) Effect of mangrove planting on macrobenthic community structure and functional group. Journal of Zhejiang Normal University, 35, 195-202. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[魏德重, 项长友, 鲍毅新, 李良峰, 章书声 (2012) 红树林种植对大型底栖动物群落结构及功能群的影响. 浙江师范大学学报, 35, 195-202.]
[21]	Xin JH, Ren YP, Xu BD, Zhang CL, Xue Y, Ji YP (2011) Macrozoobenthos functional groups in intertidal flat of northwest Jiaozhou Bay. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 22, 1885-1892. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[辛俊宏, 任一平, 徐宾铎, 张崇良, 薛莹, 纪毓鹏 (2011) 胶州湾西北部潮滩湿地大型底栖动物功能群. 应用生态学报, 22, 1885-1892.]
[22]	Yuan XZ, Lu JJ, Liu H (2002) Distribution pattern and variation in the functional groups of zoobenthos in the Changjiang Estuary. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 22, 2054-2062. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[袁兴中, 陆健健, 刘红 (2002) 长江口底栖动物功能群分布格局及其变化. 生态学报, 22, 2054-2062.]
[23]	Zhou SQ, Guo F, Wu LS, Li RG (2001) Benthic community ecology in the island intertidal zone of Fujian. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 23, 104-109. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[周时强, 郭丰, 吴荔生, 李荣冠 (2001) 福建海岛潮间带底栖生物群落生态的研究. 海洋学报, 23, 104-109.]
[24]	Zhu XJ, Lu JJ (2003) Functional groups of zoobenthos in the intertidal zone of Jiuduansha, the Yangtze River Estuary. Zoological Research, 24, 355-361. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[朱晓君, 陆健健 (2003) 长江口九段沙潮间带底栖动物的功能群. 动物学研究, 24, 355-361.]