广西弄岗北热带喀斯特季节性雨林监测样地种群空间点格局分析

doi:10.17520/biods.2014126

生物多样性 ›› 2015, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (2): 183-191. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2014126

• 研究报告: 热带亚热带森林大样地群落结构与格局 • 上一篇下一篇

广西弄岗北热带喀斯特季节性雨林监测样地种群空间点格局分析

郭屹立, 王斌, 向悟生, 丁涛, 陆树华, 黄俞淞, 黄甫昭, 李冬兴, 李先琨^*()

广西喀斯特植物保育与恢复生态学重点实验室, 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所, 广西桂林 541006

收稿日期:2014-06-16 接受日期:2014-10-20 出版日期:2015-03-20 发布日期:2015-04-09
通讯作者: 李先琨
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31270469、31300359)、国家科技支撑计划(2011BAC09B02)、广西植物研究所基本业务费(14002)

Spatial distribution of tree species in a tropical karst seasonal rainforest in Nonggang, Guangxi, southern China

Yili Guo, Bin Wang, Wusheng Xiang, Tao Ding, Shuhua Lu, Yusong Huang, Fuzhao Huang, Dongxing Li, Xiankun Li^*()

Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006

Received:2014-06-16 Accepted:2014-10-20 Online:2015-03-20 Published:2015-04-09
Contact: Li Xiankun

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

种群的空间分布格局是由多种机制的交互作用而形成, 是探究生物多样性维持机制的基础。北热带喀斯特季节性雨林是我国北热带石灰岩山地具有地带性特征的植被, 其生境的典型特征在于土层浅薄、岩石裸露率高、贮水能力低和周期性水淹, 以及富钙强碱性环境等。本研究基于广西弄岗北热带喀斯特季节性雨林15 ha动态监测样地的第一次调查资料, 采用双关联g(r)函数点格局方法, 分析了雨林中出现个体数≥15株的160个种的种群空间分布格局以及不同类群间种群分布的差异。研究表明: 160种木本植物中有146种在0-10 m的尺度上呈聚集分布, 且随着空间尺度的增大, 聚集度呈下降趋势; 物种的种群聚集度与其物种多度、平均胸径和最大胸径成负相关; 常绿物种的种群聚集度与落叶物种间差异不显著; 不同生活型间的种群聚集度差异显著, 总体表现为亚乔木层物种高于乔木层, 灌木层物种显著高于亚乔木层; 剔除生境异质性后大部分物种表现为随机分布, 仅少部分物种的种群表现为聚集分布。这表明物种的功能属性如物种多度、生活型等可较好地预测物种的分布格局。此外, 物种种群的分布格局还受生境异质性的影响, 且不同物种受生境异质性影响的程度不同。

关键词: 空间格局, 双关联g(r)函数, 聚集度, 弄岗动态监测样地, 北热带喀斯特季节性雨林

Abstract

Understanding the processes underlie spatial distribution patterns of tree species is fundamental for understanding species coexistence. Tropical karst seasonal rainforests, located on the northern margin of the tropical limestone karst region of China, are very unique. The limestone karst forests in this region have shallow, calcium-rich, alkaline soils with low water holding capacity, high ratio of exposed rock, and periodic flooding. In this study, we examined the spatial distribution patterns of woody plants using a univariate pair correlation function to quantify spatial patterns of species in a fully mapped 15 ha dynamic study plot in Nonggang, Guangxi, southern China. We analyzed the relationships between species attributes and spatial distribution patterns of 160 tree species with at least one individual per hectare. The results showed that species were predominantly aggregated and that the percentage of significantly aggregated species decreased with increasing spatial scales. A total of 146 species showed aggregation patterns at the scales of 0-10 meters. Rare species were more aggregated than intermediate and abundant species, but more easily influenced by habitat heterogeneity. The aggregation intensity showed a negative relationship to mean DBH (diameter at breast height) and maximum DBH, i.e., species became more regularly spaced as species stature increased but there was no significant difference between evergreen and deciduous species. Most species showed random patterns after controlling for the effects of habitat heterogeneity. Our results partially agree with the prediction that species’ attributes influence spatial patterns following similar laws. Consequently, species attributes and habitat heterogeneity are likely the primary drivers of spatial patterns and species coexistence in natural forest communities.

Key words: spatial pattern, pair correlation function, aggregation, Nonggang Dynamics Forest Plot, Northern tropical karst seasonal rainforest

郭屹立, 王斌, 向悟生, 丁涛, 陆树华, 黄俞淞, 黄甫昭, 李冬兴, 李先琨 (2015) 广西弄岗北热带喀斯特季节性雨林监测样地种群空间点格局分析. 生物多样性, 23, 183-191. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2014126.

Yili Guo, Bin Wang, Wusheng Xiang, Tao Ding, Shuhua Lu, Yusong Huang, Fuzhao Huang, Dongxing Li, Xiankun Li (2015) Spatial distribution of tree species in a tropical karst seasonal rainforest in Nonggang, Guangxi, southern China. Biodiversity Science, 23, 183-191. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2014126.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2014126

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2015/V23/I2/183

图/表 4

图1 弄岗样地等高线图

Fig. 1 The contour map of the Nonggang Forest Dynamics Plot

图2 弄岗样地物种种群在不同尺度下表现聚集、规则和随机格局的比例。空心符号为基于完全随机零模型, 实心符号为基于泊松异质性零模型。其中, 正方形表示聚集分布、三角形表示规则分布、圆形表示随机分布。

Fig. 2 Proportion of species showing significantly aggregation, regularity and random over scales under the complete spatial randomness (CSR, open signs) and heterogeneous Poisson process (HPP, solid signs) in the Nonggang Forest Dynamics Plot. Aggregation (squares), regularity (triangles) and random (circles).

图3 弄岗样地物种分布散点图(左列)、基于完全随机(中间列)和泊松异质性(右列)零模型的物种分布格局图, 以5个常见物种为例。左图中左下方为样地的西南角。

Fig. 3 Five examples of species distribution in the Nonggang Forest Dynamics Plot. Middle and right panels showing the relationship between g(r) and scales for the five species, while left panels showing their corresponding distribution patterns. The lines with points are for g(r); the other lines are the simulation envelopes generated from 999 Monte Carlo simulations under the null hypothesis of Complete Spatial Randomness (CSR) and Heterogeneous Poisson process (HPP).

图4 弄岗样地物种属性(平均胸径、最大胸径和多度)与聚集度关联性分析

Fig. 4 Relationship between aggregation index (g0-10(r)) and mean DBH, maximumal DBH and abundance of species with abundance ≥ 15 in the Nonggang Forest Dynamics Plot.

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广西弄岗北热带喀斯特季节性雨林监测样地种群空间点格局分析

Spatial distribution of tree species in a tropical karst seasonal rainforest in Nonggang, Guangxi, southern China

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