生物多样性 ›› 2016, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (7): 831-837. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2016030
所属专题: 全球气候变化下的海洋生物多样性专辑
王超锋1,2,3, 李海波1,2,3, 张武昌1,2,,A;*(), 赵丽1,2, 赵苑1,2, 肖天1,2
收稿日期:
2016-01-28
出版日期:
2016-07-20
发布日期:
2016-08-04
通讯作者:
张武昌
基金资助:
Chaofeng Wang1,2,3, Haibo Li1,2,3, Wuchang Zhang1,2,*(), Li Zhao1,2, Yuan Zhao1,2, Tian Xiao1,2
Received:
2016-01-28
Online:
2016-07-20
Published:
2016-08-04
Contact:
Zhang Wuchang
摘要:
鉴于东太平洋热带海区表层砂壳纤毛虫和其他微型浮游动物的群落结构资料几乎空白, 我们于2013年8月14日至9月18日在夏威夷东南部海区的23个站位采样调查了表层砂壳纤毛虫群落。23个站位共采集到砂壳纤毛虫22属36种, 均为透明壳种类。各站砂壳纤毛虫种丰富度范围为15-21种, 总丰度范围为4,730-23,693个/m3, 生物量范围为9.60-88.61 μg C/m3。本海区主要优势种为镯形囊坎虫(Ascampbelliella armilla)、斯廷细瓮虫(Steenstrupiella steenstrupii)、薄壳真铃虫(Eutintinnus tenuis)和纤弱细瓮虫(Steenstrupiella gracilis), 这4种主要优势种的口径范围不同。
王超锋, 李海波, 张武昌, 赵丽, 赵苑, 肖天 (2016) 2013年夏威夷东南部海区表层砂壳纤毛虫的群落结构和分布特征. 生物多样性, 24, 831-837. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2016030.
Chaofeng Wang, Haibo Li, Wuchang Zhang, Li Zhao, Yuan Zhao, Tian Xiao (2016) Analyzing the tintinnid community structure and distribution in the surface waters southeast of Hawaii from a cruise in 2013. Biodiversity Science, 24, 831-837. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2016030.
物种 Species | 优势度 Dominant index | 出现站位数 Number of occurrence station | 平均丰度 Average abundance (SD) | 最大丰度 Maxmal abundance (ind./m3) | 丰度最大的站位 Station with maximum abundance |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
四线瓮状虫 Amphorides quadrilineata | 0.0447 | 22 | 601 (550) | 2,128 | 7 |
镯形囊坎虫 Ascampbelliella armilla | 0.2976 | 23 | 3,659 (3,246) | 12,150 | 10 |
罐形囊坎虫 A. urceolata | 0.0001 | 2 | 164 (156) | 275 | 14 |
梯状网梯虫 Climacocylis scalaroides | 0.0035 | 14 | 115 (111) | 439 | 3 |
大洋铃鼻虫 Codonaria oceanica | 0.0006 | 5 | 165 (135) | 324 | 7 |
南方铃壳虫 Codonellopsis meridionalis | <0.0001 | 1 | 55 (-) | 55 | 14 |
周齿螺纹虫 Coxliella laciniosa | 0.0001 | 4 | 60 (22) | 93 | 15 |
酒杯类管虫 Dadayiella ganymedes | 0.0006 | 7 | 75 (42) | 158 | 22 |
秀雅网袋虫 Dictyocysta elegans | 0.0013 | 8 | 130 (108) | 350 | 13 |
缢缩网膜虫 Epiplocylis constricta | 0.0045 | 14 | 151 (132) | 440 | 8 |
网状拟网膜虫 Epiplocyloides reticulata | 0.0148 | 20 | 240 (205) | 820 | 16 |
短突表纹虫 Epirhabdonella mucronata | 0.0036 | 9 | 288 (192) | 600 | 13 |
开孔真铃虫 Eutintinnus apertus | 0.0362 | 23 | 445 (439) | 1,658 | 6 |
修长真铃虫 E. elongatus | 0.0003 | 3 | 183 (105) | 300 | 9 |
佛氏真铃虫 E. fraknoii | 0.0012 | 8 | 121 (68) | 238 | 1 |
卢氏真铃虫 E. lusus-undae | 0.005 | 14 | 166 (94) | 341 | 3 |
太平洋真铃虫 E. pacificus | 0.002 | 7 | 270 (165) | 540 | 21 |
杆状真铃虫 E. stramentus | 0.045 | 21 | 663 (465) | 1,828 | 4 |
薄壳真铃虫 E. tenuis | 0.0563 | 22 | 756 (722) | 3,333 | 4 |
短尾孔铃虫 Poroecus curtus | 0.0001 | 3 | 104 (51) | 158 | 11 |
克氏原孔虫 Proplectella claparedei | 0.0034 | 9 | 270 (455) | 1450 | 9 |
卵形原孔虫 P. ovata | 0.0235 | 17 | 529 (659) | 2,900 | 9 |
缩短原纹虫 Protorhabdonella curta | <0.0001 | 1 | 165 (-) | 165 | 8 |
变形条纹虫 Rhabdonella amor | 0.0436 | 22 | 643 (628) | 2,563 | 16 |
圆锥条纹虫 R. conica | 0.0002 | 4 | 79 (32) | 113 | 10 |
优雅条纹虫 R. elegans | 0.0333 | 22 | 448 (317) | 1,451 | 4 |
细小条纹虫 R. parvula | 0.0105 | 18 | 212 (184) | 675 | 21 |
隆起拟条纹虫 Rhabdonellopsis apophysata | 0.0325 | 20 | 529 (576) | 2,340 | 6 |
钝齿角口虫 Salpingacantha crenulata | <0.0001 | 2 | 49 (5) | 53 | 11 |
尖锐号角虫 Salpingella acuminata | 0.0001 | 4 | 54 (1) | 55 | 8 |
福雷号角虫 S. faurei | 0.0048 | 15 | 159 (103) | 394 | 10 |
圆号角虫 S. rotundata | 0.0001 | 2 | 114 (93) | 180 | 21 |
纤弱细瓮虫 Steenstrupiella gracilis | 0.0469 | 19 | 845 (862) | 2,660 | 1 |
斯廷细瓮虫 S. steenstrupii | 0.178 | 23 | 2,190 (1,562) | 6,988 | 4 |
半球波膜虫 Undella hemispherica | 0.002 | 11 | 106 (58) | 231 | 7 |
勃兰氏拟平顶虫 Xystonellopsis brandti | <0.0001 | 1 | 95 (-) | 95 | 1 |
表1 夏威夷东南部海区表层砂壳纤毛虫物种名录及相关统计数据
Table 1 Species list and statistic data of tintinnid species in sampling stations in the surface waters of southeast ocean of Hawaii
物种 Species | 优势度 Dominant index | 出现站位数 Number of occurrence station | 平均丰度 Average abundance (SD) | 最大丰度 Maxmal abundance (ind./m3) | 丰度最大的站位 Station with maximum abundance |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
四线瓮状虫 Amphorides quadrilineata | 0.0447 | 22 | 601 (550) | 2,128 | 7 |
镯形囊坎虫 Ascampbelliella armilla | 0.2976 | 23 | 3,659 (3,246) | 12,150 | 10 |
罐形囊坎虫 A. urceolata | 0.0001 | 2 | 164 (156) | 275 | 14 |
梯状网梯虫 Climacocylis scalaroides | 0.0035 | 14 | 115 (111) | 439 | 3 |
大洋铃鼻虫 Codonaria oceanica | 0.0006 | 5 | 165 (135) | 324 | 7 |
南方铃壳虫 Codonellopsis meridionalis | <0.0001 | 1 | 55 (-) | 55 | 14 |
周齿螺纹虫 Coxliella laciniosa | 0.0001 | 4 | 60 (22) | 93 | 15 |
酒杯类管虫 Dadayiella ganymedes | 0.0006 | 7 | 75 (42) | 158 | 22 |
秀雅网袋虫 Dictyocysta elegans | 0.0013 | 8 | 130 (108) | 350 | 13 |
缢缩网膜虫 Epiplocylis constricta | 0.0045 | 14 | 151 (132) | 440 | 8 |
网状拟网膜虫 Epiplocyloides reticulata | 0.0148 | 20 | 240 (205) | 820 | 16 |
短突表纹虫 Epirhabdonella mucronata | 0.0036 | 9 | 288 (192) | 600 | 13 |
开孔真铃虫 Eutintinnus apertus | 0.0362 | 23 | 445 (439) | 1,658 | 6 |
修长真铃虫 E. elongatus | 0.0003 | 3 | 183 (105) | 300 | 9 |
佛氏真铃虫 E. fraknoii | 0.0012 | 8 | 121 (68) | 238 | 1 |
卢氏真铃虫 E. lusus-undae | 0.005 | 14 | 166 (94) | 341 | 3 |
太平洋真铃虫 E. pacificus | 0.002 | 7 | 270 (165) | 540 | 21 |
杆状真铃虫 E. stramentus | 0.045 | 21 | 663 (465) | 1,828 | 4 |
薄壳真铃虫 E. tenuis | 0.0563 | 22 | 756 (722) | 3,333 | 4 |
短尾孔铃虫 Poroecus curtus | 0.0001 | 3 | 104 (51) | 158 | 11 |
克氏原孔虫 Proplectella claparedei | 0.0034 | 9 | 270 (455) | 1450 | 9 |
卵形原孔虫 P. ovata | 0.0235 | 17 | 529 (659) | 2,900 | 9 |
缩短原纹虫 Protorhabdonella curta | <0.0001 | 1 | 165 (-) | 165 | 8 |
变形条纹虫 Rhabdonella amor | 0.0436 | 22 | 643 (628) | 2,563 | 16 |
圆锥条纹虫 R. conica | 0.0002 | 4 | 79 (32) | 113 | 10 |
优雅条纹虫 R. elegans | 0.0333 | 22 | 448 (317) | 1,451 | 4 |
细小条纹虫 R. parvula | 0.0105 | 18 | 212 (184) | 675 | 21 |
隆起拟条纹虫 Rhabdonellopsis apophysata | 0.0325 | 20 | 529 (576) | 2,340 | 6 |
钝齿角口虫 Salpingacantha crenulata | <0.0001 | 2 | 49 (5) | 53 | 11 |
尖锐号角虫 Salpingella acuminata | 0.0001 | 4 | 54 (1) | 55 | 8 |
福雷号角虫 S. faurei | 0.0048 | 15 | 159 (103) | 394 | 10 |
圆号角虫 S. rotundata | 0.0001 | 2 | 114 (93) | 180 | 21 |
纤弱细瓮虫 Steenstrupiella gracilis | 0.0469 | 19 | 845 (862) | 2,660 | 1 |
斯廷细瓮虫 S. steenstrupii | 0.178 | 23 | 2,190 (1,562) | 6,988 | 4 |
半球波膜虫 Undella hemispherica | 0.002 | 11 | 106 (58) | 231 | 7 |
勃兰氏拟平顶虫 Xystonellopsis brandti | <0.0001 | 1 | 95 (-) | 95 | 1 |
图2 夏威夷东南部海区各站砂壳纤毛虫的种丰富度(A)、总丰度(B)及总生物量(C)
Fig. 2 Distribution of tintinnid species richness (A), total abundance (B) and total biomass (C) in each station of southeast ocean of Hawaii
图3 夏威夷东南部海区砂壳纤毛虫不同种类出现站位数与最大丰度的关系
Fig. 3 Relationship between number of occurrence stations and maximal abundance of tintinnid species in southeast ocean of Hawaii
图4 夏威夷东南部海区砂壳纤毛虫优势度最大的4种优势种的显微图片: (A)镯形囊坎虫; (B)纤弱细翁虫; (C)薄壳真铃虫; (D)斯廷细瓮虫。比例尺为10 μm。
Fig. 4 Photomicrographs of the top four dominant tintinnid species in southeast ocean of Hawaii: (A) Ascampbelliella armilla; (B) Steenstrupiella gracilis; (C) Eutintinnus tenuis; (D) S. steenstrupii. Scale bar means 10 μm.
图5 夏威夷东南部海区各口径组砂壳纤毛虫种类数及丰度占总丰度的比例
Fig. 5 Number of species and percentage of abundance in total abundance of each lorica-oral-diameter (LOD) size-class of tintinnid species in southeast ocean of Hawaii
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