神农架植物物种空间周转的驱动因素

doi:10.17520/biods.2021377

生物多样性 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 21377. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021377

• 研究报告: 植物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

神农架植物物种空间周转的驱动因素

李艳辉¹^,², 兰天元¹^,², 王月¹^,², 于洋⁴, 赵常明¹, 李利华³, 徐文婷¹, 申国珍¹^,²^,^*()

1.中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室, 北京 100093
2.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
3.内蒙古包头市农村牧区经营管理和信息服务中心, 内蒙古包头 014030
4.中国环境监测总站, 北京 100012

收稿日期:2021-09-16 接受日期:2022-02-28 出版日期:2022-04-20 发布日期:2022-04-20
通讯作者: 申国珍
作者简介:*E-mail: snj@ibcas.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家科技基础条件平台项目“国家生态系统观测研究网络平台”(2005DKA10300)

Driving factors of spatial turnover of plant species in Shennongjia

Yanhui Li¹^,², Tianyuan Lan¹^,², Yue Wang¹^,², Yang Yu⁴, Changming Zhao¹, Lihua Li³, Wenting Xu¹, Guozhen Shen¹^,²^,^*()

1 State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093
2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
3 Baotou Rural Pastoral Area Management and Information Service Center, Baotou, Inner Mongolia 014030
4 China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100012

Received:2021-09-16 Accepted:2022-02-28 Online:2022-04-20 Published:2022-04-20
Contact: Guozhen Shen

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

揭示区域物种组成随环境梯度的变化规律, 掌握物种多样性的周转过程及其与环境的耦合关系, 是理解物种多样性形成的生态过程的核心, 也是生物多样性保护和保护地网络构建的科学基础。神农架是众多古老、孑遗和特有植物的关键栖息地, 也是全球落叶木本植物最丰富的地区之一。然而, 我们对影响神农架植物物种周转并形成镶嵌格局的驱动因素知之甚少。本研究基于对神农架长期系统的植物群落物种调查数据, 通过广义相异模型(GDM)和偏回归分析等方法, 分析了气候差异、地理距离、人为干扰等因素对神农架植物物种周转的驱动效应。结果表明, 随着年均温(MAT)、≥ 0℃积温、≥ 10℃积温差异和地理距离增大, 植物β多样性显著增加, 而年均降水量(MAP)、距离道路距离及森林破碎化等人为干扰因素对植物β多样性无显著影响。地理距离、气候差异和人为干扰分别解释了物种相异性变异的28.75%、34.56%和12.55%, 其交互作用解释了变异的8.52%。地理距离、气候差异和人为干扰共同解释了物种相异性变异的43.47%。综上, 地理距离和温度分异是驱动神农架植物物种空间周转过程的关键因素。保护海拔梯度上植被的垂直带谱及复杂多样的地貌异质性, 是维持神农架物种周转生态过程的关键, 也是神农架国家公园建设乃至鄂西北保护地网络构建应关注的重点。

关键词: 环境异质性, beta多样性, 物种周转, 破碎化, 神农架

Abstract

Aims: Shennongjia is one of the key habitats for numerous relic, rare, endemic, and type species, as well as many of the world’s deciduous woody species in the Northern Hemisphere. Understanding plant compositional differences (beta-diversity) between local species assemblages is central in understanding the processes that maintain Shennongjia’s species diversity. Yet, little is known about which factors driving the changes in Shennongjia’s plant composition. Here, we aim to investigate that how the taxonomic composition of plant species shifts with environmental gradients, and to determine the key factors affecting on the current distribution of species by considering the factors of environment and human disturbance.

Methods: In this paper, based on generalized dissimilarity modelling (GDM) and partial regression analysis, we explored the driving effects of geographical distance, climatic factors, and human disturbance (measured as distance to road and fragmentation) on plant beta-diversity in Shennongjia.

Results: The results showed that the geographical distance, mean annual temperature (MAT), accumulated temperature ≥ 0℃ and accumulated temperature ≥ 10℃ are the main factors contributing to plant species turnover in Shennongjia. Geographical distance, climatic difference, and human disturbance explained 28.75%, 34.56% and 12.55% of the variation in plant species dissimilarities, respectively, and their interactions explained 8.52% of the variation. Geographical distance, climatic difference, and human disturbance together explained 43.47% of the variation.

Conclusion: The results indicated that geographical distance and temperature differentiations were the key factors driving plant compositional changes between local species assemblages in Shennongjia. Protecting vegetation vertical band spectrum and diverse geomorphologic heterogeneities are the key to maintain the ecological process of species turnover in Shennongjia, and are also the primary focus of the construction of Shennongjia National Park and the protection area network in the northwest region of the Hubei Province should be concerned.

Key words: environmental heterogeneity, beta diversity, species turnover, fragmentation, Shennongjia

李艳辉, 兰天元, 王月, 于洋, 赵常明, 李利华, 徐文婷, 申国珍 (2022) 神农架植物物种空间周转的驱动因素. 生物多样性, 30, 21377. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021377.

Yanhui Li, Tianyuan Lan, Yue Wang, Yang Yu, Changming Zhao, Lihua Li, Wenting Xu, Guozhen Shen (2022) Driving factors of spatial turnover of plant species in Shennongjia. Biodiversity Science, 30, 21377. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021377.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2021377

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2022/V30/I4/21377

图/表 6

图1 神农架植物群落调查样点示意图

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of plant sampling plot in Shennongjia

图2 神农架地理距离与植物群落beta多样性的关系

Fig. 2 Relationship between geographic distance and beta diversity of plant communities in Shennongjia

图3 神农架气候差异与植物群落beta多样性的关系

Fig. 3 Relationship between climate difference and beta diversity of plant communities in Shennongjia

图4 神农架干扰与植物群落beta多样性的关系

Fig. 4 Relationship between disturbance and beta diversity of plant communities in Shennongjia

表1 各影响因素的相对重要性

Table 1 The relative importance of the driving factors

预测因子 Factors	相对重要性 Relative importance
≥ 0℃积温差异 Difference in accumulated temperature ≥ 0℃	1.00
年均温差异 Difference in annual mean temperature	0.98
≥ 10℃积温差异 Difference in accumulated temperature ≥ 10℃	0.95
地理距离 Geographic distance	0.88
年均降水量差异 Difference in annual mean precipitation	0.35
距道路距离差异 Difference in distance from road	0.48
森林破碎化指数差异 Difference in forest fragmentation index	0.37

图5 地理距离(A)、气候差异(B)及人为干扰(C)对物种beta多样性的解释率

Fig. 5 Explain rate of geographic distance (A), climatic difference (B) and human disturbance (C) to species beta diversity

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神农架植物物种空间周转的驱动因素

Driving factors of spatial turnover of plant species in Shennongjia

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