毛乌素沙地三种植物根际土壤线虫群落和多样性分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08141

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究地上部不同植物对地下部生物的影响, 作者于2004年7月在内蒙古鄂尔多斯高原毛乌素沙地对自然分布的3种优势植物油蒿(Artemisia ordosica)、柠条锦鸡儿(Caragana korshinskii)、牛心朴子(Cynanchum komarovii)根际土壤线虫群落进行了调查。共捕获线虫6,098条, 隶属于19科43属, 平均每100 g干土中含有线虫169条, 其中丽突属(Acrobeles)、真滑刃属(Aphelenchus)、盘旋属(Rotylenchus)、矛线属(Dorylaimus)分别为食细菌类线虫、食真菌类线虫、植食性线虫和捕食—杂食类线虫的优势属。研究表明在沙地生态系统中, 3种植物根际土壤线虫群落的多样性、丰富度、均匀度和线虫总数虽然都存在一定的差异, 但不显著; 功能多样性指数中结构指数(SI)存在显著差异, 而通道指数(CI)、富集指数(EI)不存在显著差异; 3种植物对根际土壤线虫群落中各营养类群线虫的比例有显著影响。本实验结果表明, 在干旱生态系统中植物种类的不同对土壤食物网中线虫群落结构和种类组成有一定的影响。

关键词: 沙地生境, 土壤线虫, 群落组成, 营养结构, 多样性

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate soil nematode communities associated with three naturally-distributed plant species (Artemisia ordosica, Caragana korshinskii and Cynanchum Komarovii) in Mu Us sandy land in the Ordos Plateau, Inner Mongolia. Total abundance of nematodes was 6,098, mean individual abundance was 169 per 100 g dry soil, represented by 43 genera from 19 families. Acrobeles, Aphelenchus, Rotylenchus and Dorylaimus were the most dominant genera in bacterivores, fungivores, plant-parasites and predators-omnivores, respectively. No differences in the diversity, richness, evenness and the total abundances of soil nematode community were observed among three plant species (P > 0.05). Structure index was significantly (P < 0.05) different among three plant species whereas channel index and enrichment index were not. Plant species not only modified abundance of plant-feeding, omnivorous and predatory nematodes, but also percentage of each trophic group. Bacterivorous and fungivorous nematodes were affected most by the differences in plant species. Results presented here indicated that plant species modified nematode community structure in arid ecosystems.

Key words: sand dune habitat, soil nematodes, community composition, trophic structure, diversity

吴建波, 阮维斌, 谢凤行, 李晶, 高玉葆 (2008) 毛乌素沙地三种植物根际土壤线虫群落和多样性分析. 生物多样性, 16, 547-554. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08141.

Jianbo Wu, Weibin Ruan, Fengxing Xie, Jing Li, Yubao Gao (2008) Diversity and community analysis of soil nematodes associated with three plant species in Mu Us sandy land of Ordos Plateau. Biodiversity Science, 16, 547-554. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08141.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08141

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2008/V16/I6/547

图/表 7

参考文献 35

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	油蒿 Artemisia ordosica	牛心朴子 Cynanchum komarovii	柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii
有机碳 Organic carbon content (mg/g)	7.17 ± 0.48^a	5.20 ± 1.46^b	5.56 ± 1.20^b
全氮 Total nitrogen content (mg/g)	0.35 ± 0.08^a	0.28 ± 0.04^a	0.32 ± 0.03^a
碳氮比 C/N	12 ± 3^a	10 ± 3^a	15 ± 5^a
植物冠幅 Plant crown width (m²)	1.608 ± 0.267^b	0.035 ± 0.006^c	5.385 ± 1.501^a

	油蒿 Artemisia ordosica	牛心朴子 Cynanchum komarovii	柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii
有机碳 Organic carbon content (mg/g)	7.17 ± 0.48^a	5.20 ± 1.46^b	5.56 ± 1.20^b
全氮 Total nitrogen content (mg/g)	0.35 ± 0.08^a	0.28 ± 0.04^a	0.32 ± 0.03^a
碳氮比 C/N	12 ± 3^a	10 ± 3^a	15 ± 5^a
植物冠幅 Plant crown width (m²)	1.608 ± 0.267^b	0.035 ± 0.006^c	5.385 ± 1.501^a

营养类群 Trophic group	属名 Genus	c-p值^* c-p value	油蒿 Artemisia ordosica	牛心朴子 Cynanchum komarovii	柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii
食细菌类线虫 Bacterivores	丽突属 Acrobeles	2	+++	+++	+++
	拟丽突属 Acrobeloides	2	+	++	+
	板唇属 Chiloplacus	2	++	+	++
	头叶属 Cephalobus	2	++	+	++
	真头叶属 Eucephalobus	2	+	+	+
	鹿角唇属 Cervidellus	2	++	++	++
	小杆属 Rhabaditis	1	+	++	+
	棱咽属 Prismatolaimus	2	+	+	+
	中杆属 Mesorhabditis	1	-	+	-
	无咽属 Alaimus	4	+	+	+
	高杯侧属 Amphidelus	4	-	+	+
食真菌类线虫 Fungivores	真滑刃属 Aphelenchus	2	++	++	++
	滑刃属 Aphelenchoides	2	-	+	-
	拟滑刃属 Paraphelenchus	2	-	+	-
	茎属 Ditylenchus	2	++	++	+
	垫咽属 Tylencholaimus	4	-	+	-
	细齿属 Leptonchus	4	++	++	++
	膜皮属 Diphtherophora	3	+	+	+
植物寄生类线虫 Plant-parasites	丝尾垫刃属 Filenchus	2	+	++	+
	平滑垫刃属 Psilenchus	2	-	+	-
	异皮属 Heterodera	3	+	+	+
	针属 Paratylenchus	2	++	+	+
	短体属 Pratylenchus	3	-	+	+
	矮化属 Tylenchorhynchus	2	++	++	++
	盘旋属 Rotylenchus	3	+++	+++	++
	拟盘旋属 Pararotylenchus	3	+	+	+
	螺旋属 Helicotylenchus	3	+	+	-
	小环属 Criconemella	3	++	+	++
	鞘属 Hemicycliophora	3	+	-	-
	刺咽属 Belonolaimus	5	-	+	-
	长针属 Longidorus	5	-	+	-
	拟毛刺属 Paratrichodorus	5	-	+	-
捕食—杂食类线虫Predators-omnivores	矛线属 Dorylaimus	4	+++	+++	+++
	真矛线属 Eudorylaimus	5	-	++	-
	狭咽属 Disclaimium	5	++	++	++
	盘咽属 Discolaimus	5	++	++	++
	拱唇属 Labronema	5	++	++	+
	锐咽属 Carcharolaimus	5	++	+	+
	孔咽属 Aporcelaimus	5	++	+	+
	螫属 Pungentus	5	+	++	+
	单齿属 Mononchus	4	+	-	-
	缢咽属 Axonchium	5	-	-	+
	大矛属 Enchodelus	5	-	+	+

营养类群 Trophic group	属名 Genus	c-p值^* c-p value	油蒿 Artemisia ordosica	牛心朴子 Cynanchum komarovii	柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii
食细菌类线虫 Bacterivores	丽突属 Acrobeles	2	+++	+++	+++
	拟丽突属 Acrobeloides	2	+	++	+
	板唇属 Chiloplacus	2	++	+	++
	头叶属 Cephalobus	2	++	+	++
	真头叶属 Eucephalobus	2	+	+	+
	鹿角唇属 Cervidellus	2	++	++	++
	小杆属 Rhabaditis	1	+	++	+
	棱咽属 Prismatolaimus	2	+	+	+
	中杆属 Mesorhabditis	1	-	+	-
	无咽属 Alaimus	4	+	+	+
	高杯侧属 Amphidelus	4	-	+	+
食真菌类线虫 Fungivores	真滑刃属 Aphelenchus	2	++	++	++
	滑刃属 Aphelenchoides	2	-	+	-
	拟滑刃属 Paraphelenchus	2	-	+	-
	茎属 Ditylenchus	2	++	++	+
	垫咽属 Tylencholaimus	4	-	+	-
	细齿属 Leptonchus	4	++	++	++
	膜皮属 Diphtherophora	3	+	+	+
植物寄生类线虫 Plant-parasites	丝尾垫刃属 Filenchus	2	+	++	+
	平滑垫刃属 Psilenchus	2	-	+	-
	异皮属 Heterodera	3	+	+	+
	针属 Paratylenchus	2	++	+	+
	短体属 Pratylenchus	3	-	+	+
	矮化属 Tylenchorhynchus	2	++	++	++
	盘旋属 Rotylenchus	3	+++	+++	++
	拟盘旋属 Pararotylenchus	3	+	+	+
	螺旋属 Helicotylenchus	3	+	+	-
	小环属 Criconemella	3	++	+	++
	鞘属 Hemicycliophora	3	+	-	-
	刺咽属 Belonolaimus	5	-	+	-
	长针属 Longidorus	5	-	+	-
	拟毛刺属 Paratrichodorus	5	-	+	-
捕食—杂食类线虫Predators-omnivores	矛线属 Dorylaimus	4	+++	+++	+++
	真矛线属 Eudorylaimus	5	-	++	-
	狭咽属 Disclaimium	5	++	++	++
	盘咽属 Discolaimus	5	++	++	++
	拱唇属 Labronema	5	++	++	+
	锐咽属 Carcharolaimus	5	++	+	+
	孔咽属 Aporcelaimus	5	++	+	+
	螫属 Pungentus	5	+	++	+
	单齿属 Mononchus	4	+	-	-
	缢咽属 Axonchium	5	-	-	+
	大矛属 Enchodelus	5	-	+	+

	油蒿 Artemisia ordosica	牛心朴子 Cynanchum komarovii	柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii
多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H′)	2.07 ± 0.07^a	1.87 ± 0.11^a	1.85 ± 0.07^a
丰富度 Species richness (SR)	2.42 ± 0.14^a	2.81 ± 0.20^a	2.46 ± 0.13^a
Simpson均匀度 Simpson evenness (E)	0.78 ± 0.03^a	0.72 ± 0.03^a	0.73 ± 0.02^a
富集指数 Enrichment index (EI)	10.78 ± 3.77^a	17.37 ± 4.68^a	9.27 ± 2.39^a
结构指数 Structure index (SI)	81.60 ± 3.19^a	70.91 ± 4.09^ab	58.22 ± 6.51^b
通道指数 Channel index (CI)	73.00 ± 10.14^a	64.47 ± 9.60^a	76.91 ± 7.73^a