生物多样性 ›› 2008, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (6): 547-554. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08141
所属专题: 土壤生物与土壤健康
收稿日期:
2008-06-17
接受日期:
2008-11-13
出版日期:
2008-11-20
发布日期:
2008-11-20
通讯作者:
阮维斌
基金资助:
Jianbo Wu, Weibin Ruan(), Fengxing Xie, Jing Li, Yubao Gao
Received:
2008-06-17
Accepted:
2008-11-13
Online:
2008-11-20
Published:
2008-11-20
Contact:
Weibin Ruan
About author:
* E-mail: ruanweibin2004@hotmail.com摘要:
为研究地上部不同植物对地下部生物的影响, 作者于2004年7月在内蒙古鄂尔多斯高原毛乌素沙地对自然分布的3种优势植物油蒿(Artemisia ordosica)、柠条锦鸡儿(Caragana korshinskii)、牛心朴子(Cynanchum komarovii)根际土壤线虫群落进行了调查。共捕获线虫6,098条, 隶属于19科43属, 平均每100 g干土中含有线虫169条, 其中丽突属(Acrobeles)、真滑刃属(Aphelenchus)、盘旋属(Rotylenchus)、矛线属(Dorylaimus)分别为食细菌类线虫、食真菌类线虫、植食性线虫和捕食—杂食类线虫的优势属。研究表明在沙地生态系统中, 3种植物根际土壤线虫群落的多样性、丰富度、均匀度和线虫总数虽然都存在一定的差异, 但不显著; 功能多样性指数中结构指数(SI)存在显著差异, 而通道指数(CI)、富集指数(EI)不存在显著差异; 3种植物对根际土壤线虫群落中各营养类群线虫的比例有显著影响。本实验结果表明, 在干旱生态系统中植物种类的不同对土壤食物网中线虫群落结构和种类组成有一定的影响。
吴建波, 阮维斌, 谢凤行, 李晶, 高玉葆 (2008) 毛乌素沙地三种植物根际土壤线虫群落和多样性分析. 生物多样性, 16, 547-554. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08141.
Jianbo Wu, Weibin Ruan, Fengxing Xie, Jing Li, Yubao Gao (2008) Diversity and community analysis of soil nematodes associated with three plant species in Mu Us sandy land of Ordos Plateau. Biodiversity Science, 16, 547-554. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08141.
油蒿 Artemisia ordosica | 牛心朴子 Cynanchum komarovii | 柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii | |
---|---|---|---|
有机碳 Organic carbon content (mg/g) | 7.17 ± 0.48a | 5.20 ± 1.46b | 5.56 ± 1.20b |
全氮 Total nitrogen content (mg/g) | 0.35 ± 0.08a | 0.28 ± 0.04a | 0.32 ± 0.03a |
碳氮比 C/N | 12 ± 3a | 10 ± 3a | 15 ± 5a |
植物冠幅 Plant crown width (m2) | 1.608 ± 0.267b | 0.035 ± 0.006c | 5.385 ± 1.501a |
表1 3种植物根际土壤化学性状和植物冠幅
Table 1 Chemical characteristics of soils and plant crown width associated with three plant species (mean ± SE)
油蒿 Artemisia ordosica | 牛心朴子 Cynanchum komarovii | 柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii | |
---|---|---|---|
有机碳 Organic carbon content (mg/g) | 7.17 ± 0.48a | 5.20 ± 1.46b | 5.56 ± 1.20b |
全氮 Total nitrogen content (mg/g) | 0.35 ± 0.08a | 0.28 ± 0.04a | 0.32 ± 0.03a |
碳氮比 C/N | 12 ± 3a | 10 ± 3a | 15 ± 5a |
植物冠幅 Plant crown width (m2) | 1.608 ± 0.267b | 0.035 ± 0.006c | 5.385 ± 1.501a |
营养类群 Trophic group | 属名 Genus | c-p值* c-p value | 油蒿 Artemisia ordosica | 牛心朴子 Cynanchum komarovii | 柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
食细菌类线虫 Bacterivores | 丽突属 Acrobeles | 2 | +++ | +++ | +++ |
拟丽突属 Acrobeloides | 2 | + | ++ | + | |
板唇属 Chiloplacus | 2 | ++ | + | ++ | |
头叶属 Cephalobus | 2 | ++ | + | ++ | |
真头叶属 Eucephalobus | 2 | + | + | + | |
鹿角唇属 Cervidellus | 2 | ++ | ++ | ++ | |
小杆属 Rhabaditis | 1 | + | ++ | + | |
棱咽属 Prismatolaimus | 2 | + | + | + | |
中杆属 Mesorhabditis | 1 | - | + | - | |
无咽属 Alaimus | 4 | + | + | + | |
高杯侧属 Amphidelus | 4 | - | + | + | |
食真菌类线虫 Fungivores | 真滑刃属 Aphelenchus | 2 | ++ | ++ | ++ |
滑刃属 Aphelenchoides | 2 | - | + | - | |
拟滑刃属 Paraphelenchus | 2 | - | + | - | |
茎属 Ditylenchus | 2 | ++ | ++ | + | |
垫咽属 Tylencholaimus | 4 | - | + | - | |
细齿属 Leptonchus | 4 | ++ | ++ | ++ | |
膜皮属 Diphtherophora | 3 | + | + | + | |
植物寄生类线虫 Plant-parasites | 丝尾垫刃属 Filenchus | 2 | + | ++ | + |
平滑垫刃属 Psilenchus | 2 | - | + | - | |
异皮属 Heterodera | 3 | + | + | + | |
针属 Paratylenchus | 2 | ++ | + | + | |
短体属 Pratylenchus | 3 | - | + | + | |
矮化属 Tylenchorhynchus | 2 | ++ | ++ | ++ | |
盘旋属 Rotylenchus | 3 | +++ | +++ | ++ | |
拟盘旋属 Pararotylenchus | 3 | + | + | + | |
螺旋属 Helicotylenchus | 3 | + | + | - | |
小环属 Criconemella | 3 | ++ | + | ++ | |
鞘属 Hemicycliophora | 3 | + | - | - | |
刺咽属 Belonolaimus | 5 | - | + | - | |
长针属 Longidorus | 5 | - | + | - | |
拟毛刺属 Paratrichodorus | 5 | - | + | - | |
捕食—杂食类线虫Predators-omnivores | 矛线属 Dorylaimus | 4 | +++ | +++ | +++ |
真矛线属 Eudorylaimus | 5 | - | ++ | - | |
狭咽属 Disclaimium | 5 | ++ | ++ | ++ | |
盘咽属 Discolaimus | 5 | ++ | ++ | ++ | |
拱唇属 Labronema | 5 | ++ | ++ | + | |
锐咽属 Carcharolaimus | 5 | ++ | + | + | |
孔咽属 Aporcelaimus | 5 | ++ | + | + | |
螫属 Pungentus | 5 | + | ++ | + | |
单齿属 Mononchus | 4 | + | - | - | |
缢咽属 Axonchium | 5 | - | - | + | |
大矛属 Enchodelus | 5 | - | + | + |
表2 3种植物根际土壤线虫群落的组成、营养类群与c-p值
Table 2 Composition, trophic group and c-p values of soil nematodes associated with three plant species
营养类群 Trophic group | 属名 Genus | c-p值* c-p value | 油蒿 Artemisia ordosica | 牛心朴子 Cynanchum komarovii | 柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
食细菌类线虫 Bacterivores | 丽突属 Acrobeles | 2 | +++ | +++ | +++ |
拟丽突属 Acrobeloides | 2 | + | ++ | + | |
板唇属 Chiloplacus | 2 | ++ | + | ++ | |
头叶属 Cephalobus | 2 | ++ | + | ++ | |
真头叶属 Eucephalobus | 2 | + | + | + | |
鹿角唇属 Cervidellus | 2 | ++ | ++ | ++ | |
小杆属 Rhabaditis | 1 | + | ++ | + | |
棱咽属 Prismatolaimus | 2 | + | + | + | |
中杆属 Mesorhabditis | 1 | - | + | - | |
无咽属 Alaimus | 4 | + | + | + | |
高杯侧属 Amphidelus | 4 | - | + | + | |
食真菌类线虫 Fungivores | 真滑刃属 Aphelenchus | 2 | ++ | ++ | ++ |
滑刃属 Aphelenchoides | 2 | - | + | - | |
拟滑刃属 Paraphelenchus | 2 | - | + | - | |
茎属 Ditylenchus | 2 | ++ | ++ | + | |
垫咽属 Tylencholaimus | 4 | - | + | - | |
细齿属 Leptonchus | 4 | ++ | ++ | ++ | |
膜皮属 Diphtherophora | 3 | + | + | + | |
植物寄生类线虫 Plant-parasites | 丝尾垫刃属 Filenchus | 2 | + | ++ | + |
平滑垫刃属 Psilenchus | 2 | - | + | - | |
异皮属 Heterodera | 3 | + | + | + | |
针属 Paratylenchus | 2 | ++ | + | + | |
短体属 Pratylenchus | 3 | - | + | + | |
矮化属 Tylenchorhynchus | 2 | ++ | ++ | ++ | |
盘旋属 Rotylenchus | 3 | +++ | +++ | ++ | |
拟盘旋属 Pararotylenchus | 3 | + | + | + | |
螺旋属 Helicotylenchus | 3 | + | + | - | |
小环属 Criconemella | 3 | ++ | + | ++ | |
鞘属 Hemicycliophora | 3 | + | - | - | |
刺咽属 Belonolaimus | 5 | - | + | - | |
长针属 Longidorus | 5 | - | + | - | |
拟毛刺属 Paratrichodorus | 5 | - | + | - | |
捕食—杂食类线虫Predators-omnivores | 矛线属 Dorylaimus | 4 | +++ | +++ | +++ |
真矛线属 Eudorylaimus | 5 | - | ++ | - | |
狭咽属 Disclaimium | 5 | ++ | ++ | ++ | |
盘咽属 Discolaimus | 5 | ++ | ++ | ++ | |
拱唇属 Labronema | 5 | ++ | ++ | + | |
锐咽属 Carcharolaimus | 5 | ++ | + | + | |
孔咽属 Aporcelaimus | 5 | ++ | + | + | |
螫属 Pungentus | 5 | + | ++ | + | |
单齿属 Mononchus | 4 | + | - | - | |
缢咽属 Axonchium | 5 | - | - | + | |
大矛属 Enchodelus | 5 | - | + | + |
油蒿 Artemisia ordosica | 牛心朴子 Cynanchum komarovii | 柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii | |
---|---|---|---|
多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H′) | 2.07 ± 0.07a | 1.87 ± 0.11a | 1.85 ± 0.07a |
丰富度 Species richness (SR) | 2.42 ± 0.14a | 2.81 ± 0.20a | 2.46 ± 0.13a |
Simpson均匀度 Simpson evenness (E) | 0.78 ± 0.03a | 0.72 ± 0.03a | 0.73 ± 0.02a |
富集指数 Enrichment index (EI) | 10.78 ± 3.77a | 17.37 ± 4.68a | 9.27 ± 2.39a |
结构指数 Structure index (SI) | 81.60 ± 3.19a | 70.91 ± 4.09ab | 58.22 ± 6.51b |
通道指数 Channel index (CI) | 73.00 ± 10.14a | 64.47 ± 9.60a | 76.91 ± 7.73a |
表3 3种植物根际土壤线虫群落指数
Table 3 Indices of soil nematodes community associated with three plant species (mean ± SE)
油蒿 Artemisia ordosica | 牛心朴子 Cynanchum komarovii | 柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii | |
---|---|---|---|
多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H′) | 2.07 ± 0.07a | 1.87 ± 0.11a | 1.85 ± 0.07a |
丰富度 Species richness (SR) | 2.42 ± 0.14a | 2.81 ± 0.20a | 2.46 ± 0.13a |
Simpson均匀度 Simpson evenness (E) | 0.78 ± 0.03a | 0.72 ± 0.03a | 0.73 ± 0.02a |
富集指数 Enrichment index (EI) | 10.78 ± 3.77a | 17.37 ± 4.68a | 9.27 ± 2.39a |
结构指数 Structure index (SI) | 81.60 ± 3.19a | 70.91 ± 4.09ab | 58.22 ± 6.51b |
通道指数 Channel index (CI) | 73.00 ± 10.14a | 64.47 ± 9.60a | 76.91 ± 7.73a |
油蒿 Artemisia ordosica | 牛心朴子 Cynanchum komarovii | 柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii | |
---|---|---|---|
食细菌类线虫 Bacterivores (%) | 34 ± 5b | 44 ± 5ab | 54 ± 5a |
食真菌类线虫 Fungivores (%) | 5 ± 1a | 12 ± 4a | 7 ± 2a |
植物寄生类线虫 Plant-parasites (%) | 31 ± 5a | 18 ± 4b | 18 ± 4b |
捕食—杂食类线虫 Predators-omnivores (%) | 30 ± 3a | 26 ± 4a | 21 ± 3a |
表4 3种植物根际土壤线虫群落营养类群比例
Table 4 Composition of nematode trophic groups (%) associated with three plant species (mean ± SE)
油蒿 Artemisia ordosica | 牛心朴子 Cynanchum komarovii | 柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii | |
---|---|---|---|
食细菌类线虫 Bacterivores (%) | 34 ± 5b | 44 ± 5ab | 54 ± 5a |
食真菌类线虫 Fungivores (%) | 5 ± 1a | 12 ± 4a | 7 ± 2a |
植物寄生类线虫 Plant-parasites (%) | 31 ± 5a | 18 ± 4b | 18 ± 4b |
捕食—杂食类线虫 Predators-omnivores (%) | 30 ± 3a | 26 ± 4a | 21 ± 3a |
图1 3种植物根际土壤线虫群落中不同营养类群线虫的多度(条/100 g干土)
Fig. 1 Abundance of nematode trophic groups associated with three plant species (number per 100g dry soil) (mean ± SE)
油蒿 Artemisia ordosica | 牛心朴子 Cynanchum komarovii | 柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii | |
---|---|---|---|
油蒿 Artemisia ordosica | 1 | ||
牛心朴子 Cynanchum komarovii | 0.651 | 1 | |
柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii | 0.788 | 0.707 | 1 |
表5 3种植物根际土壤线虫群落的Jaccard相似性
Table 5 The Jaccard similarity indice of nematode community associated with three plant species
油蒿 Artemisia ordosica | 牛心朴子 Cynanchum komarovii | 柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii | |
---|---|---|---|
油蒿 Artemisia ordosica | 1 | ||
牛心朴子 Cynanchum komarovii | 0.651 | 1 | |
柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii | 0.788 | 0.707 | 1 |
图2 植物根际土壤线虫群落二维典范判别分析结果
Fig. 2 Stepwise discriminant analysis: soil nematode comm- unity associated with three plant sepeices defined by canonical discriminant function 1and 2
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