环境变化对苔藓植物物种多样性的影响:以上海徐家汇地区为例

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07366

生物多样性 ›› 2008, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (2): 181-184. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07366 cstr: 32101.14.SP.J.1003.2008.07366

环境变化对苔藓植物物种多样性的影响:以上海徐家汇地区为例

刘艳¹^,², 曹同¹^,³^,^*(), 娄玉霞³

1 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016
2 中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049
3 上海师范大学生命与环境科学学院, 上海 200234

收稿日期:2007-12-06 接受日期:2008-02-14 出版日期:2008-03-20 发布日期:2008-02-20
通讯作者: 曹同
作者简介:*E-mail:ct1946@263.net
基金资助:
上海市教委科研重点项目(062219);上海师范大学创新项目(DYL603)

Effect of environmental change on species diversity of bryophytes: a case study in Xujiahui (Zi ka Wei) area, Shanghai

Yan Liu¹^,², Tong Cao¹^,³^,^*(), Yuxia Lou³

1 Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016
2 Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
3 College of Life & Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234

Received:2007-12-06 Accepted:2008-02-14 Online:2008-03-20 Published:2008-02-20
Contact: Tong Cao

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了探讨区域环境变化对苔藓植物物种多样性的影响, 作者通过文献查阅、实地调查、标本查检和鉴定, 对20、21世纪初上海徐家汇地区苔藓植物种类组成进行了比较分析。结果表明, 20世纪初该地区记载有24种苔藓植物, 其中15种是以徐家汇为模式产地发表的新种, 但目前仅有7种(包括6种1亚种)仍被接受; 该地区现有21种苔藓植物分布。经历100年后, 环境条件的改变对其苔藓植物物种多样性的影响并不显著, 但却使其种类组成发生了根本性变化。20世纪初以徐家汇为模式产地的苔藓植物, 目前除尖叶匍灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum)外, 其余都已从其模式产地消失。而以葫芦藓科和真藓科为代表的土生苔藓植物数目明显增加。多种世界广布、抗干扰能力强的伴人苔藓植物成为主要种类。树附生苔藓植物的种类组成发生变化, 种数也相对100年前明显减少。此外, 作者对城市苔藓植物的保护提出了建议。

关键词: 苔藓植物, 分类, 保护

Abstract

Based on literature, preserved specimens and field investigation, we compared species diversity and composition of bryophytes in the Xujiahui area of Shanghai between the early of 20th and 21th centuries. A total of 24 bryophyte species were recorded in this area between 1906 and 1910. Of these, 15 were described as new species, however only 6 species and 1 variety are currently still accepted as valid species. On the other hand, 21 bryophyte species were found in the area during this investigation. During the past 100 years, there were no distinct effects of environmental change on bryophyte diversity; however, bryophyte species composition changed almost completely. Besides one, Plagiomnium acutum, we found none of the type species reported in the early of 20th century from Xujiahui. The number of small and ground bryophyte species, including Bryaceae and Funariaceae species, increased, whereas epiphytic bryophyte decreased. Some cosmopolitan species with good resistance to human disturbance became more common. We propose suggestions for bryological conservation in urban areas.

Key words: bryophytes, taxonomy, conservation

刘艳, 曹同, 娄玉霞 (2008) 环境变化对苔藓植物物种多样性的影响:以上海徐家汇地区为例. 生物多样性, 16, 181-184. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07366.

Yan Liu, Tong Cao, Yuxia Lou (2008) Effect of environmental change on species diversity of bryophytes: a case study in Xujiahui (Zi ka Wei) area, Shanghai. Biodiversity Science, 16, 181-184. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07366.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07366

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2008/V16/I2/181

图/表 2

参考文献 21

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种名 Species	种名变更 Nomenclature change	文献 Literature
☆1 钝叶牛舌藓 Anomodon rotundatus Par. & Broth.		Paris, 1909
☆2 粗肋薄罗藓 Leskea scabrinervis Broth. & Par.		Paris, 1906a
3 上海羽苔 Plagiochila shanghaica Steph.		Paris, 1910
☆4 中华细喙藓 Rhynchostegiella sinensis Broth. & Par.		Paris, 1908b
☆5 华东附干藓 Schwetschkea courtoisii Broth. & Par.		Paris, 1908b
6Ctenidium leskeoides Broth. & Par.	= Haplocladium larminatii (异叶小羽藓)	Paris, 1910
7Entodon zikaiweiensis Par.	≡E. compressus var. zikaiweiensis, fide Hu (1983) (密叶绢藓徐家汇变种)	Paris, 1909
☆8Fissidens micro-japonicusPar.
☆9Homalothecium sinensePar. & Broth.	= H. laevisetum, fide Hofmann (1998) (无疣同蒴藓)	Paris, 1908b
10Hylocomium isopterygioides Broth. & Par.	= Taxiphyllum taxirameum, fide Higuchi (1985) (鳞叶藓)	Paris, 1906a
11Hymenostylium courtoisi Broth. & Par.	= H. recurvirostrum var. cylindricum, fide Zander (1993) (立膜藓橙色变种)	Paris, 1910
☆12Mnium excurrens Par. & Broth.	= Plagiomnium acutum, fide Koponen (1981) (尖叶匍灯藓)	Paris, 1908b
☆13Orthotrichum courtoisii Broth. & Par.	= O. consobrinum, fide Guo et al. (2007) (丛生木灵藓)	Paris, 1910
14Rhynchostegium brevipes Broth. & Par.	≡Schwetschkea brevipes (短枝附干藓)	Paris, 1906a
15Systegium macrophyllum Par. & Broth.	= Weissia longifolia (皱叶小石藓)	Paris, 1908b
16 Anomodon toccoaeSull. & Lesq.	≡Herpetineuron toccoae (羊角藓)	Paris, 1906a
17Atrichum parvirosula (C. Muell.) Par.		Paris, 1910
18Barbula fallaxHedw.	≡Didymodon fallax(北地对齿藓)	Paris, 1906a
19 扭口藓 Barbula unguiculata Hedw.		Paris, 1906a
20Bartramia crispata Schimp.ex Besch.	= B. pomiformis (梨蒴珠藓)	Paris, 1908b
* 21 变形小曲尾藓Dicranella varia (Hedw.) Schimp.		Paris, 1906a
22Hymenostomum exsertum (Broth.) Broth.	≡Weissia exserta(东亚小石藓)	Paris, 1910
* 23Mnium trichomanesMitt.	= Plagiomnium acutum, fide Koponen (1981) (尖叶匍灯藓)	Paris, 1906a
* 24Racomitrium canescens (Weis.) Brid. f. brevipila Par.	≡R. canescens(砂藓)	Paris, 1906a

种名 Species	种名变更 Nomenclature change	文献 Literature
☆1 钝叶牛舌藓 Anomodon rotundatus Par. & Broth.		Paris, 1909
☆2 粗肋薄罗藓 Leskea scabrinervis Broth. & Par.		Paris, 1906a
3 上海羽苔 Plagiochila shanghaica Steph.		Paris, 1910
☆4 中华细喙藓 Rhynchostegiella sinensis Broth. & Par.		Paris, 1908b
☆5 华东附干藓 Schwetschkea courtoisii Broth. & Par.		Paris, 1908b
6Ctenidium leskeoides Broth. & Par.	= Haplocladium larminatii (异叶小羽藓)	Paris, 1910
7Entodon zikaiweiensis Par.	≡E. compressus var. zikaiweiensis, fide Hu (1983) (密叶绢藓徐家汇变种)	Paris, 1909
☆8Fissidens micro-japonicusPar.
☆9Homalothecium sinensePar. & Broth.	= H. laevisetum, fide Hofmann (1998) (无疣同蒴藓)	Paris, 1908b
10Hylocomium isopterygioides Broth. & Par.	= Taxiphyllum taxirameum, fide Higuchi (1985) (鳞叶藓)	Paris, 1906a
11Hymenostylium courtoisi Broth. & Par.	= H. recurvirostrum var. cylindricum, fide Zander (1993) (立膜藓橙色变种)	Paris, 1910
☆12Mnium excurrens Par. & Broth.	= Plagiomnium acutum, fide Koponen (1981) (尖叶匍灯藓)	Paris, 1908b
☆13Orthotrichum courtoisii Broth. & Par.	= O. consobrinum, fide Guo et al. (2007) (丛生木灵藓)	Paris, 1910
14Rhynchostegium brevipes Broth. & Par.	≡Schwetschkea brevipes (短枝附干藓)	Paris, 1906a
15Systegium macrophyllum Par. & Broth.	= Weissia longifolia (皱叶小石藓)	Paris, 1908b
16 Anomodon toccoaeSull. & Lesq.	≡Herpetineuron toccoae (羊角藓)	Paris, 1906a
17Atrichum parvirosula (C. Muell.) Par.		Paris, 1910
18Barbula fallaxHedw.	≡Didymodon fallax(北地对齿藓)	Paris, 1906a
19 扭口藓 Barbula unguiculata Hedw.		Paris, 1906a
20Bartramia crispata Schimp.ex Besch.	= B. pomiformis (梨蒴珠藓)	Paris, 1908b
* 21 变形小曲尾藓Dicranella varia (Hedw.) Schimp.		Paris, 1906a
22Hymenostomum exsertum (Broth.) Broth.	≡Weissia exserta(东亚小石藓)	Paris, 1910
* 23Mnium trichomanesMitt.	= Plagiomnium acutum, fide Koponen (1981) (尖叶匍灯藓)	Paris, 1906a
* 24Racomitrium canescens (Weis.) Brid. f. brevipila Par.	≡R. canescens(砂藓)	Paris, 1906a

	种名 Species
1	绿片苔 Aneura pinguis (L.) Dum
2	真藓 Bryum argenteum Hedw.
3	黄色真藓 B. pallescens Schleich ex Schwaegr.
4	绿叶绢藓 Entodon viridulus Card.
5	密叶美喙藓 Eurhynchium savatieriSchimp. ex Besch.
6	东亚碎米藓 Fabronia matsumurae Besch.
7	小凤尾藓 Fissidens bryoides Hedw.
8	葫芦藓 Funaria hygrometrica Hedw.
9	狭叶小羽藓 Haplocladium angustifolium (Hampe et C. Muell.) Broth.
10	细叶小羽藓 H. microphyllum (Hedw.) Broth.
11	东亚毛灰藓 Homomallium connexum (Card.) Broth.
12	湿地藓 Hyophila javanica(Nees & Blume) Brid.
13	鼠尾藓 Myuroclada maximowiczii (Borszcz.) Steere & Schof.
14	立碗藓 Physcomitrium sphaericum (Ludw.) Fuernr.
15	尖叶匍灯藓 Plagiomnium acutum (Lindb.) Kop.
16	泛生丝瓜藓 Pohlia cruda (Hedw.) Lindb.
17	石地钱 Reboulia hemisphaerica (L.) Raddi
18	陕西鳞叶藓 Taxiphyllum giraldii (C. Muell.) Fleisch.
19	皱叶毛口藓 Trichostomum crispulum Bruch. in F. A. Muell.
20	卷叶毛口藓 T. hattorianum Tan & Iwats.
21	平叶毛口藓 T. planifolium (Dix.) Zand.

	种名 Species
1	绿片苔 Aneura pinguis (L.) Dum
2	真藓 Bryum argenteum Hedw.
3	黄色真藓 B. pallescens Schleich ex Schwaegr.
4	绿叶绢藓 Entodon viridulus Card.
5	密叶美喙藓 Eurhynchium savatieriSchimp. ex Besch.
6	东亚碎米藓 Fabronia matsumurae Besch.
7	小凤尾藓 Fissidens bryoides Hedw.
8	葫芦藓 Funaria hygrometrica Hedw.
9	狭叶小羽藓 Haplocladium angustifolium (Hampe et C. Muell.) Broth.
10	细叶小羽藓 H. microphyllum (Hedw.) Broth.
11	东亚毛灰藓 Homomallium connexum (Card.) Broth.
12	湿地藓 Hyophila javanica(Nees & Blume) Brid.
13	鼠尾藓 Myuroclada maximowiczii (Borszcz.) Steere & Schof.
14	立碗藓 Physcomitrium sphaericum (Ludw.) Fuernr.
15	尖叶匍灯藓 Plagiomnium acutum (Lindb.) Kop.
16	泛生丝瓜藓 Pohlia cruda (Hedw.) Lindb.
17	石地钱 Reboulia hemisphaerica (L.) Raddi
18	陕西鳞叶藓 Taxiphyllum giraldii (C. Muell.) Fleisch.
19	皱叶毛口藓 Trichostomum crispulum Bruch. in F. A. Muell.
20	卷叶毛口藓 T. hattorianum Tan & Iwats.
21	平叶毛口藓 T. planifolium (Dix.) Zand.

环境变化对苔藓植物物种多样性的影响:以上海徐家汇地区为例

Effect of environmental change on species diversity of bryophytes: a case study in Xujiahui (Zi ka Wei) area, Shanghai

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