安徽省繁殖鸟类分布格局和热点区分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07213

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

作者广泛收集了安徽省繁殖鸟类的分布资料, 采用地理信息系统技术, 通过生境适宜性分析, 预测物种的分布范围, 获得数字化的分布图。将安徽省划分为425个等面积栅格, 以此作为基本地理单元, 研究繁殖鸟类分布规律, 并进行热点区分析。基于分布型物种数的地理单元聚类分析结果表明, 安徽省鸟类地理分布区大致以大别山北缘–巢湖一线为界分为两大组, 两组在区系成分上存在较大的区域分异; 东洋型物种在整个安徽境内比例均占60%以上, 同时呈现由北向南递增的格局。基于物种组成的相似性的地理单元聚类分析结果表明, 安徽省繁殖鸟类地理分布单元也可以分成两组, 与安徽省气候带的划分基本一致, 进一步分析可以划分为7组, 体现鸟类地理分布的区域分异与地形地貌等生态环境之间的密切联系。鸟类热点区分析表明, 所有繁殖鸟类, 以及列入《国家重点保护野生动物名录》和CITES附录I、II的繁殖鸟类物种丰富度高值区都集中在安徽省南部。由此可见, 安徽省南部地区是鸟类多样性保护的重要区域。

关键词: 物种分布型, 物种丰富度格局, 聚类分析, 分布区预测, 热点区分析

Abstract

We collected data on breeding birds in Anhui Province, and predicted and mapped their ranges using GIS techniques. We divided the study area into 425 grids which were used as operative geographic units to analyze breeding bird distributional patterns and hotspot. Faunistic composition analysis showed that geographic units in Anhui Province could be divided into two groups along a boundary from northern Dabie Mountain to Chaohu Lake. Indomalayan species accounted for 60% of the total species in all geographic unit groups, with an increase in the group’s prevalence from north to south. Ecological distribution analysis showed that bird distribution units could be divided into two groups which were consistent with division by climatic zones. When divided into seven groups, clusters were closely related to the environmental features such as terrain and landform. The hotspot analysis showed that richness of total breeding birds, breeding birds in the “List of Wildlife Under Special State Protection” of China, and breeding birds listed in CITES appendices I and II were all higher in southern Anhui Province. Therefore, we suggest that areas in southern Anhui Province should be targeted for special protection for bird diversity conservation.

Key words: species range type, species richness pattern, cluster analysis, distribution prediction, hotspot analysis

张有瑜, 周立志, 王岐山, 王新建, 邢雅俊 (2008) 安徽省繁殖鸟类分布格局和热点区分析. 生物多样性, 16, 305-312. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07213.

Youyu Zhang, Lizhi Zhou, Qishan Wang, Xinjian Wang, Yajun Xing (2008) Distribution pattern and hotspot analysis of breeding birds in Anhui Province. Biodiversity Science, 16, 305-312. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07213.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07213

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2008/V16/I3/305

图/表 5

图1 基于安徽省鸟类分布型的地理单元聚类分析树状图 7个组由相关亚组在卡方值小于0.899 处合并所得。IAa: 淮北平原区及江淮丘陵西北部; IAb: 滁州丘陵; IB: 颍上、霍邱湖区; IIAa: 大别山及皖南山区; IIAb1: 大别山区东缘、皖南山区北部及当涂石臼湖; IIAb2: 大别山区北部丘陵; IIB: 长江流域平原及湿地

Fig. 1 Dendrogram of distributional units based on range types of birds in Anhui Province. Seven groups resulted from putting the subgroups together with Chi-square less than 0.899. IAa, Northern Huaihe River Plain and northwestern hilly region between Yangtze River and Huaihe River; IAb, Hilly region in Chuzhou; IB, Lakes in Yingshang and Huoqiu; IIAa, Dabie Mountains and mountainous region in southern Anhui; IIAb1, East edge of Dabie Mountains, northern mountainous region in southern Anhui, and Shijiu Lake in Dangtu; IIAb2, Northern hilly region in Dabie Mountains; IIB, Plains and wetlands along the Yangtze River.

图2 安徽省繁殖鸟类区系分组 7个分布单元组各自代表的地理单元同图1. 地图数据来自中国资源环境数据库(中国科学院资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室, 1998), 数字化自中国地图册(1989), 下同。

Fig. 2 Bird faunistic groups based on breeding birds in Anhui Province. The seven groups of the geographical units have the same attributes as Fig.1. Map data are from Chinese Resources and Environment Database (Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, 1998), which was digitized from Atlas of China (SinoMap Press, 1989), similarly hereinafter.

图3 安徽省鸟类物种地理单元聚类分析树状图 7个组由相关亚组在相似性系数小于0.781处合并所得。IA: 淮北平原地区; IB: 淮河南岸; IIAa: 大别山区; IIAb11: 江淮之间丘陵区; IIAb12: 长江以南丘陵区; IIAb2: 安庆沿江平原; IIB: 皖南山区

Fig. 3 Dendrogram of distributional units of bird species in Anhui Province. The seven groups resulted from putting the subgroups together with similarity coefficient less than 0.781. IA, Northern Huaihe River Plain; IB, Southern Huaihe River; IIAa, Dabie Mountains; IIAb11, Hilly region between Huaihe River and Yangtze River; IIAb12, Hilly region to the south of Yangtze River; IIAb2, Plains along the Yangtze River in Anqing; IIB, Mountainous region in southern Anhui.

图4 安徽省鸟类物种组成地理格局 7个分布单元组各自代表的地理单元同图3

Fig. 4 Distribution pattern based on the species composition of breeding birds in Anhui Province. The seven groups of the geographical units have the same attributes as Fig. 3

图5 安徽省繁殖鸟类丰富度格局 A: 177种; B:列入中国《国家重点保护野生动物名录》中的22种; C: 列入CITES附录I、II中的17种

Fig. 5 The species richness pattern of breeding birds in Anhui Province. A, 177 species; B, 22 species in “ List of Wildlife Under Special State Protection” of China; C, 17 species listed in CITES appendices I and II.

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