部分引进牡丹品种的形态多样性

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.08227

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究牡丹品种的形态多样性可为合理利用牡丹种质资源、培育牡丹新品种提供依据。作者以21个有代表性的中国牡丹品种作为对照, 对引自美国、法国和日本的68个品种的41个形态性状进行了研究。统计分析结果表明: 不同来源的牡丹品种具有丰富的形态多样性, 其变异系数介于14.30-158.99%之间, 平均为44.49%。通过主成分分析将41个性状综合为10个主成分, 其中第1、3、5、6、7、8、9等7个主成分可以合并为第一因子, 主要反映花部特性; 另外3个主成分可以合并成第二因子, 主要反映叶片的特性。主成分分析结果基本支持聚类分析结果。基于形态性状的聚类分析把所研究品种聚为两类: 第一类绝大多数为国外品种, 其特点为叶表面有色晕、花径较大、花瓣无色斑、花期晚、花朵向上; 第二类同时包含了国内和国外品种, 但可以通过进一步的聚类加以区分, 其特点为叶表面无色晕、花径较小。多数国外品种与国内品种形态差异比较明显, 说明不同来源的牡丹品种之间遗传差异较大, 建议在今后的育种工作中选择与国内品种差异较大的国外品种作为亲本。

关键词: 牡丹, 形态分化, 遗传差异, 聚类分析, 育种

Abstract

Tree peonies, native to China, are widely cultivated in many countries, but the threat of genetic degradation in new varieties is serious due to the selection of local cultivars as parents in breeding. Hence, it is important to use introduced cultivars from different origins when breeding new varieties. To assist in enlarging the genetic basis of tree peonies, we examined 41 morphological traits of 68 introduced tree peony cultivars from the USA, France and Japan, and compared them to 21 local varieties. We found high levels of morphological diversity among cultivars; coefficients of variation based on morphological traits ranged from 14.3% to 159%, with an average of 44.5%. A principal component analysis (PCA) integrated these 41 traits into 10 principal components. Among these components, 7 were most strongly associated with the first factor, representing flower characters; the other 3 were associated with the second factor, representing leaf characters. Results of a cluster analysis concurred with those of the PCA analysis. All cultivars clustered into two groups: the first was characterized by those that exhibited non-leaf-chromatic, larger flower diameter, non-petal-blotch, late flower time and erect flowers, and most of them were foreign cultivars; the second included foreign and Chinese cultivars and can be further classified, and was characterized by non-leaf-chro- matic and small flower diameter. Moreover, the cluster analysis showed that most foreign cultivars were well-differentiated from domestic cultivars morphologically.

Key words: tree peony, introduced cultivars, breeding, genetic variation, morphological diversity, cluster analysis

周波, 江海东, 张秀新, 薛璟祺, 石颜通 (2011) 部分引进牡丹品种的形态多样性. 生物多样性, 19, 543-550. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.08227.

Bo Zhou, Haidong Jiang, Xiuxin Zhang, Jingqi Xue, Yantong Shi (2011) Morphological diversity of some introduced tree peony cultivars. Biodiversity Science, 19, 543-550. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.08227.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.08227

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2011/V19/I5/543

图/表 5

参考文献 11

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编号 No.	形态性状 Morphological traits	记录标准 Criterion for documenting
1	株型 Plant type	1. 直立型; 2. 半开展; 3. 开展型; 4. 匍匐型 1. Erect; 2. Semi-erect; 3. Spreading; 4. Weeping
2	株高 Plant height	*
3	新枝长 Length of new branch	*
4	叶长 Leaf blade length	*
5	叶宽 Leaf blade width	*
6	复叶类型 Type of leaf	1. 小型圆叶; 2. 小型长叶; 3. 中型圆叶; 4. 中型长叶; 5. 大型圆叶; 6. 大型长叶 1. Small circular leaf; 2. Small long leaf; 3. Middle-sized circular leaf; 4. Middle-sized long leaf; 5. Large circular leaf; 6. Large long leaf
7	复叶伸展 State of leaf	1. 平伸; 2. 斜伸; 3. 斜上伸 1. Right angle; 2. Diagonal 3. Diagonally upward
8	顶小叶顶端分裂情况 Apical notches of top leaflet	1. 全缘; 2. 浅裂; 3. 中裂; 4. 深裂; 5. 全裂 1. Small notch; 2 Lobed notch; 3. Medium notch; 4. Deep notch; 5. Complete cleavage
9	侧小叶形状 Shape of lateral leaflet	1. 宽卵形; 2. 卵形; 3. 长卵形; 4. 狭长卵形; 5. 披针形 1. Broad ovate; 2. Ovate; 3. Long ovate; 4. Long and narrow ovate; 5. Lance
10	侧小叶叶缘 Margin of lateral leaflet	1. 全缘或少缺刻; 2. 缺刻; 3. 缺刻尖 1. Entire or little incisions; 2. Incisions; 3. Acute incisions
11	小叶叶尖 Shape of leaflet apex	1.圆钝; 2. 宽尖; 3. 锐尖; 4. 渐尖 1. Roundish apex; 2. Broad apex; 3. Acute apex; 4. Gradual acute apex
12	叶表面颜色 Color of upper side of leaf	1. 黄绿; 2. 绿; 3. 灰绿; 4. 深绿 1. Yellow green; 2. Green; 3. Grey green; 4. Deep green
13	叶表面有无色晕 Leaf chromatic	1. 有; 2. 无 1. Present; 2. Absent
14	叶背有无毛 Glabrous of abaxial leaf surface	1. 有; 2. 无 1. Present; 2. Absent
15	花型 Flower type	1. 单瓣; 2. 荷花; 3. 菊花; 4. 蔷薇; 5. 金蕊; 6. 托桂; 7. 金环; 8. 绣球; 9. 千层台阁; 10. 楼子台阁; 11.皇冠 1. Single; 2. Lotus; 3. Chrysanthemum; 4. Rose; 5. Golden-stamen; 6. Anemone; 7. Golden circle; 8. Globular; 9. Hundred proliferate; 10. Crown proliferate; 11. Crown
16	花径(横径) Flower diameter	*
17	花朵高度 Flower height	*
18	花色 Flower color	1. 红色; 2. 黄色; 3. 粉色; 4. 白色; 5. 橙色; 6. 复色;7. 紫色; 8. 蓝色 1. Red; 2.Yellow; 3. Pink; 4. White; 5. Orange; 6. Compound color; 7. Purple; 8. Blue
19	花瓣基部色斑 Petal basal blotch	1. 有; 2. 无 1. Present; 2. Absent
20	花瓣基部色斑形状 Shape of basal petal blotch	1. 三角形; 2. 圆形; 3. 椭圆形; 4. 菱形; 5. 狭长条形 1. Triangle; 2. Rotundity; 3. Elliptic; 4. Rhombic; 5. Linear
21	花瓣基部色斑颜色 Color of basal petal blotch	1.浅红; 2. 红; 3. 浅紫; 4.紫红; 5.棕; 6.黑 1. Light red; 2. Red; 3. Light purple; 4. Red purple; 5. Brown; 6. Black
22	花瓣瓣端类型 Type of top of petal	1. 圆整; 2. 浅齿裂; 3. 深齿裂 1. Entire; 2. Lobed; 3. Partite
23	外花瓣形状 Shape of outer petals	1. 圆形; 2. 倒卵形; 3. 倒广卵形 1. Rotundity; 2. Obovate; 3. Broad obovate
24	外花瓣轮数 Whorl number of outer petals	1. <2; 2. 3-4; 3. >4
25	花药有无残留 Anther remnant	1. 有; 2. 无 1. Present; 2. Absent
26	花丝颜色 Color of filament	1. 白色; 2. 淡黄; 3. 粉红; 4. 紫红; 5. 黑色; 6. 其他 1. White; 2. Light yellow; 3. Pink red; 4. Red purple; 5. Black; 6. Others
27	柱头颜色 Stigma color	1. 白; 2. 淡黄; 3. 粉; 4. 红; 5. 紫 1. White; 2. Light yellow; 3. Pink; 4. Red; 5. Purple
28	花盘状态 Flower disc state	1. 全包; 2. 半包; 3. 残存 1. All enwrapped; 2. Half enwrapped; 3. Rudimental
29	花盘颜色 Flower disc color	1. 白; 2. 黄; 3. 粉; 4. 红; 5. 紫; 6. 其他 1. White; 2.Yellow; 3. Pink; 4. Red; 5. Purple; 6. Others
编号 No.	形态性状 Morphological traits	记载标准 Criterion for documenting
30	花期 Flower time	1. 早; 2. 中; 3. 晚 1. Early; 2. Medium; 3. Late
31	花态 Flower state	1. 向上; 2. 侧开; 3.下垂; 4.藏花 1. Upwards; 2. Outwards; 3. Downwards; 4. Hidden
32	着花量 Flowering ratio	1. <30%; 2. 30-50%; 3. 60-90%; 4. >90%
33	萼片瓣化 Petalized sepal	1. 有; 2. 无 1. Present; 2. Absent
34	雌蕊数目 Number of pistil	1. <3; 2. 3-5; 3. 6-8; 4. >8
35	雌蕊状态 Petalized pistil	1. 不瓣化; 2. 少量瓣化(柱头化) (<20%); 3. 部分瓣化(20-95%); 4. 全部瓣化(>95%); 5. 部分退化; 6. 全部退化 1. Normal; 2. Little petalized; 3. More petalized; 4. Completely petalized (>95%); 5. Degradation; 6. Vanish
36	雌蕊瓣化瓣颜 Color of petalized pistil	1. 绿色; 2. 绿白条纹相间; 3. 绿红条纹相间; 4. 近于花瓣颜色 1. Green; 2. Green white stripes; 3. Green red stripes; 4. Similar to color of petal
37	雄蕊状态 Stamen state	1. 正常; 2. 少量瓣化<20%; 3. 部分瓣化20-95%; 4. 全部瓣化>95%; 5. 部分退化; 6. 全部退化 1. Normal; 2. Little petalized; 3. More petalized; 4. Completely petalized (>95%); 5. Degradation; 6. Vanish
38	雄蕊瓣化瓣 Petalized stamen	1. 有; 2. 无 1. Present; 2. Absent
39	雄蕊瓣化瓣颜色 Color of petalized stamen	1. 与花瓣(外瓣)同色; 2. 与花瓣(外瓣)不同色 1. Same to outer petal; 2. Different to outer petal
40	雄蕊瓣化瓣形状 Shape of petalized stamen	1. 条形; 2. 带型; 3. 狭倒卵形; 4. 倒卵形; 5. 倒广卵形; 6. 其他 1. Linear; 2.Stripped; 3. Narrow obovate; 4. Obovate; 5. Broad obovate; 6. Others
41	雄蕊瓣化模式 Mode of petalized stamen	1. 向心瓣化; 2. 离心瓣化; 3.不规则 1. Centripetal petalized ; 2. Centrifugal petalized; 3. Irregular

编号 No.	形态性状 Morphological traits	记录标准 Criterion for documenting
1	株型 Plant type	1. 直立型; 2. 半开展; 3. 开展型; 4. 匍匐型 1. Erect; 2. Semi-erect; 3. Spreading; 4. Weeping
2	株高 Plant height	*
3	新枝长 Length of new branch	*
4	叶长 Leaf blade length	*
5	叶宽 Leaf blade width	*
6	复叶类型 Type of leaf	1. 小型圆叶; 2. 小型长叶; 3. 中型圆叶; 4. 中型长叶; 5. 大型圆叶; 6. 大型长叶 1. Small circular leaf; 2. Small long leaf; 3. Middle-sized circular leaf; 4. Middle-sized long leaf; 5. Large circular leaf; 6. Large long leaf
7	复叶伸展 State of leaf	1. 平伸; 2. 斜伸; 3. 斜上伸 1. Right angle; 2. Diagonal 3. Diagonally upward
8	顶小叶顶端分裂情况 Apical notches of top leaflet	1. 全缘; 2. 浅裂; 3. 中裂; 4. 深裂; 5. 全裂 1. Small notch; 2 Lobed notch; 3. Medium notch; 4. Deep notch; 5. Complete cleavage
9	侧小叶形状 Shape of lateral leaflet	1. 宽卵形; 2. 卵形; 3. 长卵形; 4. 狭长卵形; 5. 披针形 1. Broad ovate; 2. Ovate; 3. Long ovate; 4. Long and narrow ovate; 5. Lance
10	侧小叶叶缘 Margin of lateral leaflet	1. 全缘或少缺刻; 2. 缺刻; 3. 缺刻尖 1. Entire or little incisions; 2. Incisions; 3. Acute incisions
11	小叶叶尖 Shape of leaflet apex	1.圆钝; 2. 宽尖; 3. 锐尖; 4. 渐尖 1. Roundish apex; 2. Broad apex; 3. Acute apex; 4. Gradual acute apex
12	叶表面颜色 Color of upper side of leaf	1. 黄绿; 2. 绿; 3. 灰绿; 4. 深绿 1. Yellow green; 2. Green; 3. Grey green; 4. Deep green
13	叶表面有无色晕 Leaf chromatic	1. 有; 2. 无 1. Present; 2. Absent
14	叶背有无毛 Glabrous of abaxial leaf surface	1. 有; 2. 无 1. Present; 2. Absent
15	花型 Flower type	1. 单瓣; 2. 荷花; 3. 菊花; 4. 蔷薇; 5. 金蕊; 6. 托桂; 7. 金环; 8. 绣球; 9. 千层台阁; 10. 楼子台阁; 11.皇冠 1. Single; 2. Lotus; 3. Chrysanthemum; 4. Rose; 5. Golden-stamen; 6. Anemone; 7. Golden circle; 8. Globular; 9. Hundred proliferate; 10. Crown proliferate; 11. Crown
16	花径(横径) Flower diameter	*
17	花朵高度 Flower height	*
18	花色 Flower color	1. 红色; 2. 黄色; 3. 粉色; 4. 白色; 5. 橙色; 6. 复色;7. 紫色; 8. 蓝色 1. Red; 2.Yellow; 3. Pink; 4. White; 5. Orange; 6. Compound color; 7. Purple; 8. Blue
19	花瓣基部色斑 Petal basal blotch	1. 有; 2. 无 1. Present; 2. Absent
20	花瓣基部色斑形状 Shape of basal petal blotch	1. 三角形; 2. 圆形; 3. 椭圆形; 4. 菱形; 5. 狭长条形 1. Triangle; 2. Rotundity; 3. Elliptic; 4. Rhombic; 5. Linear
21	花瓣基部色斑颜色 Color of basal petal blotch	1.浅红; 2. 红; 3. 浅紫; 4.紫红; 5.棕; 6.黑 1. Light red; 2. Red; 3. Light purple; 4. Red purple; 5. Brown; 6. Black
22	花瓣瓣端类型 Type of top of petal	1. 圆整; 2. 浅齿裂; 3. 深齿裂 1. Entire; 2. Lobed; 3. Partite
23	外花瓣形状 Shape of outer petals	1. 圆形; 2. 倒卵形; 3. 倒广卵形 1. Rotundity; 2. Obovate; 3. Broad obovate
24	外花瓣轮数 Whorl number of outer petals	1. <2; 2. 3-4; 3. >4
25	花药有无残留 Anther remnant	1. 有; 2. 无 1. Present; 2. Absent
26	花丝颜色 Color of filament	1. 白色; 2. 淡黄; 3. 粉红; 4. 紫红; 5. 黑色; 6. 其他 1. White; 2. Light yellow; 3. Pink red; 4. Red purple; 5. Black; 6. Others
27	柱头颜色 Stigma color	1. 白; 2. 淡黄; 3. 粉; 4. 红; 5. 紫 1. White; 2. Light yellow; 3. Pink; 4. Red; 5. Purple
28	花盘状态 Flower disc state	1. 全包; 2. 半包; 3. 残存 1. All enwrapped; 2. Half enwrapped; 3. Rudimental
29	花盘颜色 Flower disc color	1. 白; 2. 黄; 3. 粉; 4. 红; 5. 紫; 6. 其他 1. White; 2.Yellow; 3. Pink; 4. Red; 5. Purple; 6. Others
编号 No.	形态性状 Morphological traits	记载标准 Criterion for documenting
30	花期 Flower time	1. 早; 2. 中; 3. 晚 1. Early; 2. Medium; 3. Late
31	花态 Flower state	1. 向上; 2. 侧开; 3.下垂; 4.藏花 1. Upwards; 2. Outwards; 3. Downwards; 4. Hidden
32	着花量 Flowering ratio	1. <30%; 2. 30-50%; 3. 60-90%; 4. >90%
33	萼片瓣化 Petalized sepal	1. 有; 2. 无 1. Present; 2. Absent
34	雌蕊数目 Number of pistil	1. <3; 2. 3-5; 3. 6-8; 4. >8
35	雌蕊状态 Petalized pistil	1. 不瓣化; 2. 少量瓣化(柱头化) (<20%); 3. 部分瓣化(20-95%); 4. 全部瓣化(>95%); 5. 部分退化; 6. 全部退化 1. Normal; 2. Little petalized; 3. More petalized; 4. Completely petalized (>95%); 5. Degradation; 6. Vanish
36	雌蕊瓣化瓣颜 Color of petalized pistil	1. 绿色; 2. 绿白条纹相间; 3. 绿红条纹相间; 4. 近于花瓣颜色 1. Green; 2. Green white stripes; 3. Green red stripes; 4. Similar to color of petal
37	雄蕊状态 Stamen state	1. 正常; 2. 少量瓣化<20%; 3. 部分瓣化20-95%; 4. 全部瓣化>95%; 5. 部分退化; 6. 全部退化 1. Normal; 2. Little petalized; 3. More petalized; 4. Completely petalized (>95%); 5. Degradation; 6. Vanish
38	雄蕊瓣化瓣 Petalized stamen	1. 有; 2. 无 1. Present; 2. Absent
39	雄蕊瓣化瓣颜色 Color of petalized stamen	1. 与花瓣(外瓣)同色; 2. 与花瓣(外瓣)不同色 1. Same to outer petal; 2. Different to outer petal
40	雄蕊瓣化瓣形状 Shape of petalized stamen	1. 条形; 2. 带型; 3. 狭倒卵形; 4. 倒卵形; 5. 倒广卵形; 6. 其他 1. Linear; 2.Stripped; 3. Narrow obovate; 4. Obovate; 5. Broad obovate; 6. Others
41	雄蕊瓣化模式 Mode of petalized stamen	1. 向心瓣化; 2. 离心瓣化; 3.不规则 1. Centripetal petalized ; 2. Centrifugal petalized; 3. Irregular

	形态性状 Morphological characters	平均值 Mean	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum	标准差 Standard error	变异系数 CV (%)
1	株型 Plant type	1.70	1	4	0.70	41.43
2	株高 Plant height	86.62	40	149	20.30	23.43
3	新枝长 Length of new branch	28.44	12	45	7.07	24.84
4	叶长 Leaf blade length	33.14	25	48	5.57	16.81
5	叶宽 Leaf blade width	21.13	12	34	3.88	18.36
6	复叶类型 Type of leaf	4.25	1	6	1.06	24.95
7	复叶伸展 State of leaf	1.70	1	3	0.66	38.60
8	顶小叶顶端分裂情况 Apical notches of top leaflet	3.66	1	5	0.89	24.36
9	侧小叶形状 Shape of lateral leaflet	3.27	1	5	0.92	28.22
10	侧小叶叶缘 Margin of lateral leaflet	2.82	1	4	0.72	25.61
11	小叶叶尖 Shape of leaflet apex	3.02	1	4	0.71	23.39
12	叶表面颜色 Color of upper side of leaf	2.27	1	4	1.02	45.09
13	叶表面有无色晕 Leaf chromatic	1.46	1	3	0.52	35.73
14	叶背有无毛 Glabrous of abaxial leaf surface	1.87	1	2	0.34	18.01
15	花型 Flower type	3.71	1	11	2.38	64.04
16	花径(横径) Flower diameter	16.69	10	23	2.39	14.30
17	花朵高度 Flower height	7.57	3	15	2.22	29.39
18	花色 Flower color	4.18	1	8	2.61	62.46
19	花瓣基部色斑 Petal basal blotch	1.75	1	2	0.43	24.75
20	花瓣基部色斑形状 Shape of basal petal blotch	1.13	0	5	1.80	158.99
21	花瓣基部色斑颜色 Color of basal petal blotch	1.44	0	6	2.22	153.99
22	花瓣瓣端类型 Type of top of petal	1.99	1	5	0.62	31.00
23	外花瓣形状 Shape of outer petals	1.96	1	3	0.64	32.77
24	外花瓣轮数 Whorl number of outer petals	4.03	2	6	1.48	36.65
25	花药有无残留 Anther remnant	1.46	1	2	0.50	34.28
26	花丝颜色 Color of filament	3.48	1	6	1.19	34.28
27	柱头颜色 Stigma color	3.00	1	5	1.23	41.12
28	花盘状态 Flower disc state	1.84	1	3	0.80	43.40
29	花盘颜色 Flower disc color	4.10	1	6	1.57	38.27
30	花期 Flower time	2.61	1	3	0.68	25.88
31	花态 Flower state	1.28	1	4	0.58	45.17
32	着花量 Flowering ratio	3.13	1	4	0.82	26.33
33	萼片瓣化 Petalized sepal	1.70	1	2	0.46	27.15
34	雌蕊数目 Number of pistil	5.37	2	10	2.02	37.66
35	雌蕊状态 Petalized pistil	3.25	1	6	1.30	40.01
36	雌蕊瓣化瓣颜色 Color of petalized pistil	1.69	0	4	1.59	94.06
37	雄蕊状态 Stamen state	1.90	1	5	1.02	53.71
38	雄蕊瓣化瓣 Petalized stamen	1.49	1	2	0.50	33.63
39	雄蕊瓣化瓣颜色 Color of petalized stamen	0.74	0	2	0.76	103.08
40	雄蕊瓣化瓣形状 Shape of petalized stamen	1.60	0	5	1.73	107.77
41	雄蕊瓣化模式 Mode of petalized stamen	1.96	1	3	0.81	41.21
42	平均值 Average	-	-	-	1.92	44.49

	形态性状 Morphological characters	平均值 Mean	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum	标准差 Standard error	变异系数 CV (%)
1	株型 Plant type	1.70	1	4	0.70	41.43
2	株高 Plant height	86.62	40	149	20.30	23.43
3	新枝长 Length of new branch	28.44	12	45	7.07	24.84
4	叶长 Leaf blade length	33.14	25	48	5.57	16.81
5	叶宽 Leaf blade width	21.13	12	34	3.88	18.36
6	复叶类型 Type of leaf	4.25	1	6	1.06	24.95
7	复叶伸展 State of leaf	1.70	1	3	0.66	38.60
8	顶小叶顶端分裂情况 Apical notches of top leaflet	3.66	1	5	0.89	24.36
9	侧小叶形状 Shape of lateral leaflet	3.27	1	5	0.92	28.22
10	侧小叶叶缘 Margin of lateral leaflet	2.82	1	4	0.72	25.61
11	小叶叶尖 Shape of leaflet apex	3.02	1	4	0.71	23.39
12	叶表面颜色 Color of upper side of leaf	2.27	1	4	1.02	45.09
13	叶表面有无色晕 Leaf chromatic	1.46	1	3	0.52	35.73
14	叶背有无毛 Glabrous of abaxial leaf surface	1.87	1	2	0.34	18.01
15	花型 Flower type	3.71	1	11	2.38	64.04
16	花径(横径) Flower diameter	16.69	10	23	2.39	14.30
17	花朵高度 Flower height	7.57	3	15	2.22	29.39
18	花色 Flower color	4.18	1	8	2.61	62.46
19	花瓣基部色斑 Petal basal blotch	1.75	1	2	0.43	24.75
20	花瓣基部色斑形状 Shape of basal petal blotch	1.13	0	5	1.80	158.99
21	花瓣基部色斑颜色 Color of basal petal blotch	1.44	0	6	2.22	153.99
22	花瓣瓣端类型 Type of top of petal	1.99	1	5	0.62	31.00
23	外花瓣形状 Shape of outer petals	1.96	1	3	0.64	32.77
24	外花瓣轮数 Whorl number of outer petals	4.03	2	6	1.48	36.65
25	花药有无残留 Anther remnant	1.46	1	2	0.50	34.28
26	花丝颜色 Color of filament	3.48	1	6	1.19	34.28
27	柱头颜色 Stigma color	3.00	1	5	1.23	41.12
28	花盘状态 Flower disc state	1.84	1	3	0.80	43.40
29	花盘颜色 Flower disc color	4.10	1	6	1.57	38.27
30	花期 Flower time	2.61	1	3	0.68	25.88
31	花态 Flower state	1.28	1	4	0.58	45.17
32	着花量 Flowering ratio	3.13	1	4	0.82	26.33
33	萼片瓣化 Petalized sepal	1.70	1	2	0.46	27.15
34	雌蕊数目 Number of pistil	5.37	2	10	2.02	37.66
35	雌蕊状态 Petalized pistil	3.25	1	6	1.30	40.01
36	雌蕊瓣化瓣颜色 Color of petalized pistil	1.69	0	4	1.59	94.06
37	雄蕊状态 Stamen state	1.90	1	5	1.02	53.71
38	雄蕊瓣化瓣 Petalized stamen	1.49	1	2	0.50	33.63
39	雄蕊瓣化瓣颜色 Color of petalized stamen	0.74	0	2	0.76	103.08
40	雄蕊瓣化瓣形状 Shape of petalized stamen	1.60	0	5	1.73	107.77
41	雄蕊瓣化模式 Mode of petalized stamen	1.96	1	3	0.81	41.21
42	平均值 Average	-	-	-	1.92	44.49

	主成分 Principal components
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
特征值 Eigenvalue	3.99	3.55	3.39	2.63	2.21	2.19	1.99	1.95	1.76	1.75
贡献率 Contribution rate (%)	9.29	8.26	7.87	6.13	5.14	5.10	4.63	4.54	4.09	4.07
累计贡献率 Cumulative contribution rate (%)	9.29	17.54	25.42	31.54	36.68	41.79	46.42	50.95	55.04	59.11