长江中下游鳤不同群体的多变量形态学特征

doi:10.17520/biods.2025136

生物多样性 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (11): 25136. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025136 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2025136

• 研究报告: 动物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

长江中下游鳤不同群体的多变量形态学特征

蔡方陶¹^,^#, 王生²^,^#, 胡兴坤³, 袁希平⁴, 翟东东¹, 陈元元¹, 阙延福³, 熊飞¹, 刘红艳¹^,^*(), 段辛斌⁵^,^*()

¹ 江汉大学生命科学学院, 湖北省汉江流域特色生物资源保护开发与利用工程技术研究中心, 武汉 430056
² 江西省水生生物保护救助中心, 南昌 330029
³ 水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所, 武汉 430079
⁴ 湖南省水产科学研究所, 长沙 410153
⁵ 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所, 国家农业科学重庆观测实验站, 武汉 430223

收稿日期:2025-04-14 接受日期:2025-08-25 出版日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2025-12-26
通讯作者: 刘红艳,段辛斌
作者简介:第一联系人：
^#共同第一作者
^#Co-first authors
基金资助:
湖北省自然科学基金(2024AFB461);湖北省渔业资源监测-汉江下游水生生物资源监测项目和中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2023TD09)

Multivariate morphological characteristics of different populations of Ochetobius elongatus in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River

Fangtao Cai¹^,^#, Sheng Wang²^,^#, Xingkun Hu³, Xiping Yuan⁴, Dongdong Zhai¹, Yuanyuan Chen¹, Yanfu Que³, Fei Xiong¹, Hongyan Liu¹^,^*(), Xinbin Duan⁵^,^*()

¹ Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin, School of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
² Jiangxi Provincial Aquatic Biology Protection and Rescue Center, Nanchang 330029, China
³ Institute of Hydroecology, Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430079, China
⁴ Hunan Fisheries Science Institute, Changsha 410153, China
⁵ National Agricultural Science Observing and Experimental Station of Chongqing, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Wuhan 430223, China

Received:2025-04-14 Accepted:2025-08-25 Online:2025-11-20 Published:2025-12-26
Contact: Hongyan Liu, Xinbin Duan
Supported by:
Natural Science Foundation Program of Hubei Province(2024AFB461);Monitoring of Fishery Resources in Hubei Province-Monitoring of Aquatic Living Resources in the Lower Reaches of the Han River, and the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund, CAFS(2023TD09)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

鳤(Ochetobius elongatus)主要分布于长江流域及其以南的区域, 目前处于极度濒危状态。为探讨不同水域鳤形态学变异情况, 本研究系统分析了长江中下游鳤不同地理群体的多变量形态学特征。基于2022年5月至2024年11月采自长江中下游干流的宜昌和嘉鱼江段、支流汉江的潜江江段、通江湖泊的洞庭湖和鄱阳湖5个群体的98尾鳤样本, 通过整合线性测量和框架结构的33项多变量形态学参数进行分析。结果显示, 长江中下游鳤28项形态学参数(占比84.85%)在群体间存在显著差异, 其中形态变异最大的是躯干部, 其次是头部。长江中下游鳤按照形态度量学特征可聚为3支: 嘉鱼和潜江群体、洞庭湖和鄱阳湖群体、宜昌群体。地理距离与形态变异的正相关性较弱(r = 0.176, P = 0.012), 对形态分化的解释能力有限。逐步判别分析显示, 长江中下游5个群体的综合判别率为74.50%, 其中嘉鱼群体判别准确率最高(95.45%), 宜昌群体最低(25.00%)。本研究揭示了长江中下游5个鳤群体间存在显著的形态变异, 异质性生境的适应性可能是导致鳤形态分化的主要因素。

关键词: 鳤, 线性测量法, 框架结构法, 濒危物种

Abstract

Aims: Ochetobius elongatus is a critically endangered species, which is primarily distributed in the Yangtze River basin and the region south of this river. To investigate morphological variations of O. elongatus, the multivariable morphometrics was used to analyze different populations from the middle and lower Yangtze River.

Methods: Based on a total 98 specimens collected from five sampling localities including the Yangtze River main stem at Yichang and Jiayu sections, the Han River main stem at the Qianjiang section, the Dongting and Poyang lakes from May 2022 to November 2024, 33 morphological measurements of traditional and truss network measurements were integrated for analysis.

Results: Significant differences were detected in 28 morphological measurements (84.85% of the total) among populations of O. elongatus, with the largest variation in the trunk, followed by the head part. The cluster analysis of the morphometric measurements grouped the populations into three distinct clusters: the populations of Jiayu and Qianjiang, the Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake, and the Yichang population. A weak but significant positive correlation was observed between geographical distance and morphological variation (r = 0.176, P = 0.012), suggesting that geographical distance has limited explanatory for the observed morphological variations. Stepwise discriminant analysis revealed a comprehensive discriminant rate of 74.50%, among which the Jiayu population showed the highest accuracy (95.45%), and the Yichang population was the lowest (25.00%).

Conclusion: This study highlights significant morphological variations among the five populations of O. elongatus from the middle and lower Yangtze River basin, suggesting that adaptation to heterogeneous habitats may be the primary driver factor for these variations.

Key words: Ochetobius elongatus, linear measurement, truss network, endangered species

蔡方陶, 王生, 胡兴坤, 袁希平, 翟东东, 陈元元, 阙延福, 熊飞, 刘红艳, 段辛斌 (2025) 长江中下游鳤不同群体的多变量形态学特征. 生物多样性, 33, 25136. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025136.

Fangtao Cai, Sheng Wang, Xingkun Hu, Xiping Yuan, Dongdong Zhai, Yuanyuan Chen, Yanfu Que, Fei Xiong, Hongyan Liu, Xinbin Duan (2025) Multivariate morphological characteristics of different populations of Ochetobius elongatus in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Biodiversity Science, 33, 25136. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025136.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2025136

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2025/V33/I11/25136

图/表 11

参考文献 46

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群体 Population	水系 River system	采样时间 Sampling time	样本量 Sample size	体长 Standard length (mm)
群体 Population	水系 River system	采样时间 Sampling time	样本量 Sample size	范围 Range	均值 ± 标准差 Mean ± SD
宜昌 Yichang	干流 Main stem	2024.6-7	8	328.60-459.00	407.59 ± 44.30
嘉鱼 Jiayu	干流 Main stem	2024.11	22	160.00-217.00	183.77 ± 13.27
潜江 Qianjiang	支流 Tributary	2022.7-11, 2024.10	31	155.00-225.48	180.28 ± 22.99
洞庭湖 Dongting Lake	通江湖泊 Connected lake	2023.6, 2024.11	19	214.00-592.00	360.05 ± 82.87
鄱阳湖 Poyang Lake	通江湖泊 Connected lake	2022.5-11, 2023.5-12, 2024.5-9	18	168.00-524.00	306.83 ± 113.42

群体 Population	水系 River system	采样时间 Sampling time	样本量 Sample size	体长 Standard length (mm)
群体 Population	水系 River system	采样时间 Sampling time	样本量 Sample size	范围 Range	均值 ± 标准差 Mean ± SD
宜昌 Yichang	干流 Main stem	2024.6-7	8	328.60-459.00	407.59 ± 44.30
嘉鱼 Jiayu	干流 Main stem	2024.11	22	160.00-217.00	183.77 ± 13.27
潜江 Qianjiang	支流 Tributary	2022.7-11, 2024.10	31	155.00-225.48	180.28 ± 22.99
洞庭湖 Dongting Lake	通江湖泊 Connected lake	2023.6, 2024.11	19	214.00-592.00	360.05 ± 82.87
鄱阳湖 Poyang Lake	通江湖泊 Connected lake	2022.5-11, 2023.5-12, 2024.5-9	18	168.00-524.00	306.83 ± 113.42

形态参数 Morphological parameters	宜昌 Yichang	嘉鱼 Jiayu	潜江 Qianjiang	洞庭湖 Dongting Lake	鄱阳湖 Poyang Lake	F值 F value	P值 P value
头长/体长 Head length/standard length	0.175 ± 0.005	0.191 ± 0.001	0.200 ± 0.005	0.189 ± 0.003	0.198 ± 0.005	4.059	0.004**
体高/体长 Body depth/standard length	0.161 ± 0.001	0.151 ± 0.001	0.152 ± 0.003	0.166 ± 0.002	0.175 ± 0.005	13.053	< 0.001***
尾柄长/体长 Caudal peduncle length/standard length	0.167 ± 0.010	0.184 ± 0.001	0.184 ± 0.002	0.180 ± 0.004	0.191 ± 0.006	3.729	0.007**
尾柄高/体长 Caudal peduncle depth/standard length	0.067 ± 0.001	0.068 ± 0.001	0.069 ± 0.001	0.070 ± 0.001	0.075 ± 0.002	8.513	< 0.001***
背鳍条长/体长 Dorsal-fin length/standard length	0.164 ± 0.002	0.161 ± 0.001	0.162 ± 0.002	0.159 ± 0.003	0.173 ± 0.007	2.320	0.063
胸鳍条长/体长 Pectoral-fin length/standard length	0.160 ± 0.004	0.131 ± 0.001	0.133 ± 0.003	0.179 ± 0.037	0.158 ± 0.006	4.293	0.003**
腹鳍条长/体长 Pelvic-fin length/standard length	0.127 ± 0.002	0.120 ± 0.001	0.121 ± 0.001	0.123 ± 0.002	0.131 ± 0.006	2.456	0.051
臀鳍条长/体长 Anal-fin length/standard length	0.110 ± 0.003	0.105 ± 0.001	0.105 ± 0.001	0.109 ± 0.001	0.114 ± 0.002	3.236	0.016*
头高/头长 Head depth/head length	0.579 ± 0.013	0.515 ± 0.004	0.511 ± 0.009	0.537 ± 0.009	0.564 ± 0.014	6.111	< 0.001***
吻长/头长 Snout length/head length	0.275 ± 0.012	0.224 ± 0.003	0.231 ± 0.006	0.250 ± 0.012	0.205 ± 0.009	5.996	< 0.001***
眼径/头长 Eye diameter/head length	0.199 ± 0.008	0.260 ± 0.003	0.235 ± 0.006	0.188 ± 0.007	0.177 ± 0.005	30.819	< 0.001***
眼后头长/头长 Length of head behind the eye/head length	0.585 ± 0.016	0.516 ± 0.002	0.509 ± 0.008	0.576 ± 0.009	0.615 ± 0.012	23.332	< 0.001***
眼间距/头长 Interorbital width/head length	1.025 ± 0.397	0.382 ± 0.004	0.356 ± 0.007	0.393 ± 0.006	0.331 ± 0.010	11.949	< 0.001***
AB/体长 AB/standard length	0.131 ± 0.004	0.142 ± 0.001	0.147 ± 0.002	0.147 ± 0.002	0.151 ± 0.004	6.342	< 0.001***
BC/体长 BC/standard length	0.333 ± 0.004	0.308 ± 0.008	0.317 ± 0.003	0.338 ± 0.004	0.349 ± 0.007	5.956	< 0.001***
CD/体长 CD/standard length	0.106 ± 0.006	0.098 ± 0.001	0.099 ± 0.001	0.100 ± 0.002	0.111 ± 0.005	5.696	< 0.001***
DE/体长 DE/standard length	0.398 ± 0.003	0.399 ± 0.015	0.410 ± 0.003	0.392 ± 0.006	0.420 ± 0.010	0.813	0.520
EF/体长 EF/standard length	0.080 ± 0.002	0.078 ± 0.001	0.079 ± 0.001	0.082 ± 0.001	0.088 ± 0.002	8.622	0.001**
FG/体长 FG/standard length	0.131 ± 0.004	0.147 ± 0.004	0.153 ± 0.003	0.134 ± 0.003	0.140 ± 0.004	5.007	< 0.001***
GH/体长 GH/standard length	0.089 ± 0.006	0.080 ± 0.004	0.081 ± 0.002	0.080 ± 0.001	0.087 ± 0.003	2.256	0.069
HI/体长 HI/standard length	0.300 ± 0.007	0.290 ± 0.002	0.272 ± 0.006	0.283 ± 0.004	0.302 ± 0.009	3.260	0.015*
IJ/体长 IJ/standard length	0.283 ± 0.006	0.271 ± 0.001	0.263 ± 0.002	0.288 ± 0.005	0.309 ± 0.008	21.219	< 0.001***
JA/体长 JA/standard length	0.176 ± 0.006	0.189 ± 0.001	0.197 ± 0.002	0.185 ± 0.004	0.187 ± 0.008	4.395	0.003**
BJ/体长 BJ/standard length	0.095 ± 0.003	0.101 ± 0.001	0.104 ± 0.001	0.100 ± 0.003	0.101 ± 0.006	1.690	0.159
BI/体长 BI/standard length	0.351 ± 0.004	0.340 ± 0.001	0.337 ± 0.002	0.349 ± 0.004	0.375 ± 0.004	15.605	< 0.001***
BH/体长 BH/standard length	0.635 ± 0.005	0.615 ± 0.002	0.602 ± 0.004	0.625 ± 0.006	0.664 ± 0.009	12.311	< 0.001***
CI/体长 CI/standard length	0.154 ± 0.002	0.148 ± 0.004	0.152 ± 0.002	0.162 ± 0.002	0.169 ± 0.016	9.070	< 0.001***
CH/体长 CH/standard length	0.323 ± 0.003	0.318 ± 0.002	0.314 ± 0.002	0.316 ± 0.005	0.344 ± 0.005	7.792	< 0.001***
CG/体长 CG/standard length	0.396 ± 0.005	0.376 ± 0.002	0.374 ± 0.002	0.376 ± 0.005	0.412 ± 0.009	10.631	< 0.001***
DH/体长 DH/standard length	0.230 ± 0.003	0.234 ± 0.002	0.231 ± 0.002	0.231 ± 0.003	0.244 ± 0.006	2.662	0.037*
DG/体长 DG/standard length	0.295 ± 0.004	0.288 ± 0.002	0.283 ± 0.002	0.281 ± 0.004	0.307 ± 0.007	6.808	< 0.001***
DF/体长 DF/standard length	0.424 ± 0.004	0.427 ± 0.003	0.424 ± 0.003	0.401 ± 0.006	0.432 ± 0.009	5.596	< 0.001***
EG/体长 EG/standard length	0.158 ± 0.002	0.173 ± 0.001	0.169 ± 0.001	0.160 ± 0.003	0.171 ± 0.004	5.748	< 0.001***

形态参数 Morphological parameters	宜昌 Yichang	嘉鱼 Jiayu	潜江 Qianjiang	洞庭湖 Dongting Lake	鄱阳湖 Poyang Lake	F值 F value	P值 P value
头长/体长 Head length/standard length	0.175 ± 0.005	0.191 ± 0.001	0.200 ± 0.005	0.189 ± 0.003	0.198 ± 0.005	4.059	0.004**
体高/体长 Body depth/standard length	0.161 ± 0.001	0.151 ± 0.001	0.152 ± 0.003	0.166 ± 0.002	0.175 ± 0.005	13.053	< 0.001***
尾柄长/体长 Caudal peduncle length/standard length	0.167 ± 0.010	0.184 ± 0.001	0.184 ± 0.002	0.180 ± 0.004	0.191 ± 0.006	3.729	0.007**
尾柄高/体长 Caudal peduncle depth/standard length	0.067 ± 0.001	0.068 ± 0.001	0.069 ± 0.001	0.070 ± 0.001	0.075 ± 0.002	8.513	< 0.001***
背鳍条长/体长 Dorsal-fin length/standard length	0.164 ± 0.002	0.161 ± 0.001	0.162 ± 0.002	0.159 ± 0.003	0.173 ± 0.007	2.320	0.063
胸鳍条长/体长 Pectoral-fin length/standard length	0.160 ± 0.004	0.131 ± 0.001	0.133 ± 0.003	0.179 ± 0.037	0.158 ± 0.006	4.293	0.003**
腹鳍条长/体长 Pelvic-fin length/standard length	0.127 ± 0.002	0.120 ± 0.001	0.121 ± 0.001	0.123 ± 0.002	0.131 ± 0.006	2.456	0.051
臀鳍条长/体长 Anal-fin length/standard length	0.110 ± 0.003	0.105 ± 0.001	0.105 ± 0.001	0.109 ± 0.001	0.114 ± 0.002	3.236	0.016*
头高/头长 Head depth/head length	0.579 ± 0.013	0.515 ± 0.004	0.511 ± 0.009	0.537 ± 0.009	0.564 ± 0.014	6.111	< 0.001***
吻长/头长 Snout length/head length	0.275 ± 0.012	0.224 ± 0.003	0.231 ± 0.006	0.250 ± 0.012	0.205 ± 0.009	5.996	< 0.001***
眼径/头长 Eye diameter/head length	0.199 ± 0.008	0.260 ± 0.003	0.235 ± 0.006	0.188 ± 0.007	0.177 ± 0.005	30.819	< 0.001***
眼后头长/头长 Length of head behind the eye/head length	0.585 ± 0.016	0.516 ± 0.002	0.509 ± 0.008	0.576 ± 0.009	0.615 ± 0.012	23.332	< 0.001***
眼间距/头长 Interorbital width/head length	1.025 ± 0.397	0.382 ± 0.004	0.356 ± 0.007	0.393 ± 0.006	0.331 ± 0.010	11.949	< 0.001***
AB/体长 AB/standard length	0.131 ± 0.004	0.142 ± 0.001	0.147 ± 0.002	0.147 ± 0.002	0.151 ± 0.004	6.342	< 0.001***
BC/体长 BC/standard length	0.333 ± 0.004	0.308 ± 0.008	0.317 ± 0.003	0.338 ± 0.004	0.349 ± 0.007	5.956	< 0.001***
CD/体长 CD/standard length	0.106 ± 0.006	0.098 ± 0.001	0.099 ± 0.001	0.100 ± 0.002	0.111 ± 0.005	5.696	< 0.001***
DE/体长 DE/standard length	0.398 ± 0.003	0.399 ± 0.015	0.410 ± 0.003	0.392 ± 0.006	0.420 ± 0.010	0.813	0.520
EF/体长 EF/standard length	0.080 ± 0.002	0.078 ± 0.001	0.079 ± 0.001	0.082 ± 0.001	0.088 ± 0.002	8.622	0.001**
FG/体长 FG/standard length	0.131 ± 0.004	0.147 ± 0.004	0.153 ± 0.003	0.134 ± 0.003	0.140 ± 0.004	5.007	< 0.001***
GH/体长 GH/standard length	0.089 ± 0.006	0.080 ± 0.004	0.081 ± 0.002	0.080 ± 0.001	0.087 ± 0.003	2.256	0.069
HI/体长 HI/standard length	0.300 ± 0.007	0.290 ± 0.002	0.272 ± 0.006	0.283 ± 0.004	0.302 ± 0.009	3.260	0.015*
IJ/体长 IJ/standard length	0.283 ± 0.006	0.271 ± 0.001	0.263 ± 0.002	0.288 ± 0.005	0.309 ± 0.008	21.219	< 0.001***
JA/体长 JA/standard length	0.176 ± 0.006	0.189 ± 0.001	0.197 ± 0.002	0.185 ± 0.004	0.187 ± 0.008	4.395	0.003**
BJ/体长 BJ/standard length	0.095 ± 0.003	0.101 ± 0.001	0.104 ± 0.001	0.100 ± 0.003	0.101 ± 0.006	1.690	0.159
BI/体长 BI/standard length	0.351 ± 0.004	0.340 ± 0.001	0.337 ± 0.002	0.349 ± 0.004	0.375 ± 0.004	15.605	< 0.001***
BH/体长 BH/standard length	0.635 ± 0.005	0.615 ± 0.002	0.602 ± 0.004	0.625 ± 0.006	0.664 ± 0.009	12.311	< 0.001***
CI/体长 CI/standard length	0.154 ± 0.002	0.148 ± 0.004	0.152 ± 0.002	0.162 ± 0.002	0.169 ± 0.016	9.070	< 0.001***
CH/体长 CH/standard length	0.323 ± 0.003	0.318 ± 0.002	0.314 ± 0.002	0.316 ± 0.005	0.344 ± 0.005	7.792	< 0.001***
CG/体长 CG/standard length	0.396 ± 0.005	0.376 ± 0.002	0.374 ± 0.002	0.376 ± 0.005	0.412 ± 0.009	10.631	< 0.001***
DH/体长 DH/standard length	0.230 ± 0.003	0.234 ± 0.002	0.231 ± 0.002	0.231 ± 0.003	0.244 ± 0.006	2.662	0.037*
DG/体长 DG/standard length	0.295 ± 0.004	0.288 ± 0.002	0.283 ± 0.002	0.281 ± 0.004	0.307 ± 0.007	6.808	< 0.001***
DF/体长 DF/standard length	0.424 ± 0.004	0.427 ± 0.003	0.424 ± 0.003	0.401 ± 0.006	0.432 ± 0.009	5.596	< 0.001***
EG/体长 EG/standard length	0.158 ± 0.002	0.173 ± 0.001	0.169 ± 0.001	0.160 ± 0.003	0.171 ± 0.004	5.748	< 0.001***

形态参数 Morphological parameters	主成分 Principal component (PC)
形态参数 Morphological parameters	主成分1 PC1	主成分2 PC2	主成分3 PC3	主成分4 PC4	主成分5 PC5	主成分6 PC6
特征值 Eigenvalue	12.658	4.612	3.423	1.928	1.431	1.020
主成分贡献率 PC contribution rate (%)	38.36	13.98	10.37	5.84	4.34	3.09
累积贡献率 Cumulative contribution rate (%)	38.36	52.33	62.71	68.55	72.89	75.98
头长/体长 Head length/standard length	0.125	0.637	0.297	-0.375	-0.446	0.240
体高/体长 Body depth/standard length	0.741	-0.226	0.340	-0.198	0.138	-0.114
尾柄长/体长 Caudal peduncle length/standard length	0.517	0.518	-0.252	-0.204	0.352	-0.114
尾柄高/体长 Caudal peduncle depth/standard length	0.810^a	0.193	0.296	0.017	-0.037	-0.134
背鳍条长/体长 Dorsal-fin length/standard length	0.733	0.333	0.015	0.268	0.098	0.089
胸鳍条长/体长 Pectoral-fin length/standard length	0.158	-0.058	0.125	0.109	0.448	0.729
腹鳍条长/体长 Pelvic-fin length/standard length	0.726	0.218	0.123	0.216	0.237	0.069
臀鳍条长/体长 Anal-fin length/standard length	0.773	0.191	0.230	0.148	0.174	0.118
头高/头长 Head depth/head length	0.436	-0.617	-0.009	0.227	0.357	-0.354
吻长/头长 Snout length/head length	-0.141	0.007	0.497	0.578	0.105	0.054
眼径/头长 Eye diameter/head length	-0.335	0.468	-0.410	0.479	0.162	-0.167
眼后头长/头长 Length of head behind the eye/head length	0.509	-0.688	0.023	-0.065	0.269	-0.011
眼间距/头长 Interorbital width/head length	0.032	-0.500	0.171	0.649	-0.371	0.138
AB/体长 AB/standard length	0.380	0.513	0.412	-0.295	0.068	-0.161
BC/体长 BC/standard length	0.614	-0.143	0.391	-0.106	0.089	-0.001
CD/体长 CD/standard length	0.843^a	-0.118	0.096	0.215	-0.226	-0.074
DE/体长 DE/standard length	0.441	0.202	-0.331	0.110	-0.035	0.107
EF/体长 EF/standard length	0.799	0.156	0.255	-0.034	-0.130	0.000
FG/体长 FG/standard length	0.164	0.550	-0.534	0.036	0.178	0.070
GH/体长 GH/standard length	0.450	0.007	0.481	0.337	-0.267	-0.146
HI/体长 HI/standard length	0.655	-0.066	-0.288	-0.042	-0.235	0.068
IJ/体长 IJ/standard length	0.792	-0.404	0.013	-0.173	0.043	0.211
JA/体长 JA/standard length	0.090	0.794	0.387	0.061	-0.086	-0.010
BJ/体长 BJ/standard length	0.274	0.633	0.326	0.197	0.057	-0.053
BI/体长 BI/standard length	0.871^a	-0.135	0.149	-0.104	-0.052	0.072
BH/体长 BH/standard length	0.887^a	-0.188	-0.133	-0.115	-0.110	0.133
CI/体长 CI/standard length	0.744	-0.075	0.355	-0.168	0.209	-0.159
CH/体长 CH/standard length	0.874^a	-0.107	-0.289	-0.070	-0.088	-0.061
CG/体长 CG/standard length	0.907^a	-0.146	-0.199	0.065	-0.166	-0.028
DH/体长 DH/standard length	0.700	-0.051	-0.504	-0.116	-0.037	-0.053
DG/体长 DG/standard length	0.791	-0.126	-0.439	0.042	-0.221	0.030
DF/体长 DF/standard length	0.641	0.230	-0.597	0.228	-0.097	0.023
EG/体长 EG/standard length	0.503	0.548	-0.291	0.197	0.102	-0.082

长江中下游鳤不同群体的多变量形态学特征

Multivariate morphological characteristics of different populations of Ochetobius elongatus in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River

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Metrics

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群体 Population	判别函数 Discriminant function (Y)	样本量 Sample size	准确率 Accuracy (%)	误判分布 Misclassification (%)
宜昌 Yichang (YC)	1,729.83X₁-159.01X₂+157.71X₃+636.85X₄+17.20X₅-342.21	8	25.00	DTL: 75.00
嘉鱼 Jiayu (JY)	1,781.33X₁-226.38X₂+274.78X₃+590.87X₄+15.96X₅-335.44	22	95.45	QJ: 4.55
潜江 Qianjiang (QJ)	1,825.20X₁-219.59X₂+228.52X₃+599.11X₄+15.04X₅-337.88	31	67.74	JY: 29.03; DTL: 3.23
洞庭湖 Dongting Lake (DTL)	1,779.42X₁-164.72X₂+122.58X₃+653.98X₄+10.31X₅-347.94	19	84.21	PYL: 10.53; QJ: 5.26
鄱阳湖 Poyang Lake (PYL)	1,912.70X₁-222.86X₂+109.75X₃+698.38X₄+11.39X₅-384.03	18	72.22	DTL: 22.22; QJ: 5.56
综合判别率 Average accuracy			74.50

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