战略微生物资源评估方法与首批资源清单

doi:10.17520/biods2025146

生物多样性

战略微生物资源评估方法与首批资源清单

王科^1,2, 赵鹏¹, 范国梅³, 王芳³, 刘世良¹, 黄静⁴, 蔡磊¹, 周丽伟^1*

1. 中国科学院微生物研究所微生物多样性与资源创新利用全国重点实验室, 北京100101 2. 中国科学院微生物研究所菌物标本馆, 北京100101 3. 中国科学院微生物研究所国家微生物科学数据中心, 北京100101 4. 海关总署国际检验检疫标准与技术法规研究中心, 北京100013

收稿日期:2025-04-25 修回日期:2025-06-24 接受日期:2025-07-19
通讯作者: 周丽伟
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划“生物安全关键技术研究”专项(2022YFC2601200); 中国科学院战略生物资源计划(CAS-TAX-24-018); 中国科学院战略生物资源计划(CAS-TAX-24-023)

Assessment method and the first catalogue of strategic microbial resources

Ke Wang^1,2, Peng Zhao¹, Guomei Fan³, Fang Wang³, Shiliang Liu¹, Jing Huang⁴, Lei Cai¹, Liwei Zhou^1*

1. State Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity and Innovative Utilization, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

2. Fungarium, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

3. National Microbiology Data Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

4. Research Center of GACC for International Inspection and Quarantine Standards and Technical Regulations, Beijing 100013, China

Received:2025-04-25 Revised:2025-06-24 Accepted:2025-07-19
Contact: Liwei Zhou

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 生物资源与国民经济和社会发展息息相关，是保障国家粮食安全、生态安全、能源安全等的重要战略资源。微生物是地球生态系统的关键组成部分，对人类生产、生活资料的积累和可持续发展具有重要的战略意义。然而，由于对战略微生物资源的内涵认识不清，导致大量微生物资源通过走私、夹带等方式流失海外，甚至出现本土灭绝。本研究针对战略微生物评价体系的空白，首先对微生物资源的战略价值进行了基本的归类并明确流失风险点。在此基础上，建立了一套针对微生物战略价值的评估和赋分标准。该评估方法已完成海关行业标准送审稿的编写，并已提交标准委员会审定。同时，建设了战略微生物资源在线评估系统（软著登记号2024SR1032250，https://www.casbrc.org/assessment），挂靠在中国科学院战略生物资源计划网站之下（https://www.casbrc.org/）。依据此评估方法对773个微生物物种进行了战略价值评分，确认首批502个物种入选战略微生物资源清单，包含真菌440种、卵菌7种、微孢子虫1种、细菌53种以及古细菌1种。以上研究方法与成果预期为我国战略生物微生物资源的收集、保藏、管理和开发应用提供基本依据。

关键词: 资源流失, 生物安全, 行业标准, 在线评估系统, 战略价值

Abstract

Aims: Biological resources are closely related to national economic and social development, and has key strategic value in food security, ecological security and energy security of a country. As a basic component of the ecosystem on earth, microorganisms are of great strategic significance to human’s life and the sustainable development of society. However, due to the lack of a sound system for the preservation, development and protection of strategic resources, many biological resources have been lost overseas through smuggling, entrainment and natural losses.

Method: Referring to other evaluation systems on biological resources, the assessment method to evaluate the strategic value of microbial resources was established in this study.

Results: Rare and endangered species, high economic value species, bio-safety species and strategic frontier species were chosen as the four aspects for strategic microbial resources, and a scoring system using the method of weighted assignment is established according to these aspects. The scoring system contains 7 different primary criteria with different weights, i.e., the weight of 25% for National conservation strategy, the weight of 15% for conservation status, population biology and economic value, and the weight of 10% for biosecurity, other value and strategic frontier. Based on the criteria, the strategic categories of 773 microbial species were assessed according to the criteria, of which 502 species were assessed as strategic microorganisms, including 440 species of fungi, 7 of oomycetes, 1 of microspore, 53 of bacteria and 1 of archaea. Besides, an online assessing platform (https://www.casbrc.org/assessment) were established with the function of scoring system for strategic microorganism and query for assessed species.

Conclusion: The strategic assessment method and the list of strategic microbiol resources were firstly established in our country, which will provide important references for the collection, preservation, management and application of strategic microbial resources in China.

Key words: resource loss, biosafety, industry standard, online assessing platform, strategic value

王科, 赵鹏, 范国梅, 王芳, 刘世良, 黄静, 蔡磊, 周丽伟. 战略微生物资源评估方法与首批资源清单. 生物多样性, DOI: 10.17520/biods2025146.

Ke Wang, Peng Zhao, Guomei Fan, Fang Wang, Shiliang Liu, Jing Huang, Lei Cai, Liwei Zhou. Assessment method and the first catalogue of strategic microbial resources. Biodiversity Science, DOI: 10.17520/biods2025146.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods2025146

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