中国杨树害虫物种多样性及其地理分布

doi:10.17520/biods.2024370

生物多样性 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 24370. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024370 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2024370

• 研究报告: 动物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

中国杨树害虫物种多样性及其地理分布

尚华丹, 张楚晴, 王梅, 裴文娅, 李国宏, 王鸿斌^*()()

森林保护学国家林业和草原局重点实验室, 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所, 北京 100091

收稿日期:2024-08-18 接受日期:2024-12-03 出版日期:2025-02-20 发布日期:2025-02-21
通讯作者: *E-mail: wanghb@caf.ac.cn
基金资助:
中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资助(CAFYBB2020ZD001);中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资助(CAFYBB2024QG005);中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资助(CAFYBB2024MA009)

Species diversity and geographic distribution of poplar pests in China

Shang Huadan, Zhang Chuqing, Wang Mei, Pei Wenya, Li Guohong, Wang Hongbin^*()()

Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Protection, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China

Received:2024-08-18 Accepted:2024-12-03 Online:2025-02-20 Published:2025-02-21
Contact: *E-mail: wanghb@caf.ac.cn
Supported by:
Fundamental Research Funds of CAF(CAFYBB2020ZD001);Fundamental Research Funds of CAF(CAFYBB2024QG005);Fundamental Research Funds of CAF(CAFYBB2024MA009)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为明确我国杨树害虫物种多样性及其地理分布特征, 本文基于构建的中国杨树害虫物种分布数据库, 对杨树害虫物种组成、危害类型及地理分布等进行综合分析。结果表明, 我国已知杨树害虫9目126科1,674种, 以鳞翅目、鞘翅目和半翅目为主要类群。在危害类型上, 叶部害虫的物种数量最多, 达1,058种, 而苗圃及根部害虫物种数量最少, 仅173种, 但其物种组成分布较为均匀且多样性最丰富。从栖息寄主角度看, 白杨派的害虫物种数量最多, 达1,258种, 但其物种多样性和均匀度最低, 大叶杨派和胡杨派害虫物种数量较少, 分别为20种和44种, 但其物种多样性和均匀度较高。在地理分布广度上, 杨树害虫物种的数量随着省区数量的增加而逐渐减少, 超过70%的害虫仅分布在全国不到一半的省区, 而易造成毁灭危害的主要害虫种类则几乎遍布全国。总体而言, 杨树害虫的分布格局呈现出明显的地域差异, 华东地区及“胡焕庸线”东侧的省区害虫物种数量较多。聚类分析表明, 杨树害虫的地理分布可划分为6个类群, 且不同类群之间表现出较强的地域相似性。本研究为今后杨树害虫科学精准防控提供了基础理论数据支持。

关键词: 杨树害虫, 物种多样性, 分布, 聚类分析

Abstract

Aims: The purpose of this study is to clarify the species diversity of poplar pests and their geographic distribution characteristics in China.

Methods: Based on the constructed database of Chinese poplar pest species, we comprehensively analyzed the species composition, damage types, and geographic distribution of poplar pests.

Result: There are 1,674 species of poplar pests across 9 orders and 126 families documented in China, with Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Hemiptera being the dominant groups. In terms of damage types, leaf pests have the highest species count at 1,058, while nursery and root pests have the lowest at 173 species. However, the latter exhibit more evenly distributed species composition and the highest diversity. From the perspective of hosts, the Leuce poplar group harbors the most pest species at 1,258, but these pests show the lowest species diversity and evenness. In contrast, pests associated with the Leucoides and Turanga poplar groups are fewer in number at 20 and 44 species, respectively, but display higher diversity and evenness. Regarding geographical distribution breadth, the number of poplar pest species gradually decreases as the number of provinces or districts increases. Over 70% of pests are confined to less than half of Chinese provinces or districts, whereas major destructive pest species are distributed nearly nationwide.

Conclusion: Poplar pest distribution in China exhibits pronounced geographical disparities, with higher species richness in eastern provinces and regions east of the “Hu Huanyong Line”. Through cluster analysis, the geographical distribution of poplar pests can be divided into six taxa, and different taxa show strong geographical similarity. Our findings provide critical theoretical foundations for advancing targeted and science-based pest management strategies in poplar ecosystems.

Key words: poplar pests, species diversity, distribution, cluster analysis

尚华丹, 张楚晴, 王梅, 裴文娅, 李国宏, 王鸿斌 (2025) 中国杨树害虫物种多样性及其地理分布. 生物多样性, 33, 24370. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024370.

Shang Huadan, Zhang Chuqing, Wang Mei, Pei Wenya, Li Guohong, Wang Hongbin (2025) Species diversity and geographic distribution of poplar pests in China. Biodiversity Science, 33, 24370. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024370.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2024370

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2025/V33/I2/24370

图/表 7

图1 我国杨树害虫的物种组成

Fig. 1 Species composition of poplar pests in China

图2 不同危害类型杨树害虫物种数量及多样性指数

Fig. 2 Number and diversity indices of poplar pest species with different damage types

表1 不同杨树派系害虫物种数量及多样性指数

Table 1 Number and diversity indices of pest species in different poplar factions

杨树派系 Poplar factions	害虫数量 Pest number			Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index	Simpson优势度指数 Simpson dominance index	Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou’s evenness index
杨树派系 Poplar factions	目 Order	科 Family	种 Species	Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index	Simpson优势度指数 Simpson dominance index	Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou’s evenness index
白杨派 Leuce	9	115	1,258	1.14	0.61	0.52
黑杨派 Aigeiros	9	84	388	1.26	0.63	0.57
青杨派 Tacamahaca	8	54	171	1.19	0.64	0.61
胡杨派 Turanga	5	27	44	1.24	0.66	0.77
大叶杨派 Leucoides	5	16	20	1.25	0.69	0.90
未分派系 Unclassified	4	29	75	/	/	/

图3 不同杨树派系间特有和共有害虫物种数量

Fig. 3 Number of endemic and shared pests among different poplar factions

图4 不同分布广度杨树害虫的物种数量

Fig. 4 Species number of poplar pests with different distribution ranges

图5 杨树害虫在我国各省的分布趋势(缺少台湾、香港、澳门的数据)

Fig. 5 The distribution trend of poplar pests in China’s provinces (Absence of data from Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macau)

图6 基于各省区杨树害虫分布相似性的聚类分析(缺少台湾、香港、澳门的数据)

Fig. 6 Cluster analysis based on the distribution similarity of poplar pests in each province (Absence of data from Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macau)

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中国杨树害虫物种多样性及其地理分布

Species diversity and geographic distribution of poplar pests in China

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