生物多样性 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (4): 485-495.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019351

• 研究报告: 动物多样性 • 上一篇    下一篇

黔西北石漠化地区两栖动物多样性及其生境选择

王存璐,陈浒(),肖华,张红梅,李林芝,郭城,陈静,魏强   

  1. 贵州师范大学喀斯特研究院, 国家喀斯特石漠化防治工程技术研究中心, 中国南方喀斯特生态环境学科创新引智基地,贵州省喀斯特山地生态环境省部共建国家重点实验培育基地, 贵阳 550001
  • 收稿日期:2019-11-06 接受日期:2020-03-11 出版日期:2020-04-20 发布日期:2020-06-15
  • 通讯作者: 陈浒
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0502601)

Diversity and habitat selection of amphibians in rocky desertification area in northwestern Guizhou

Cunlu Wang,Hu Chen(),Hua Xiao,Hongmei Zhang,Linzhi Li,Cheng Guo,Jing Chen,Qiang Wei   

  1. School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Rocky Desertification Control, Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation, State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Karst Mountain Ecology Environment of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550001
  • Received:2019-11-06 Accepted:2020-03-11 Online:2020-04-20 Published:2020-06-15
  • Contact: Hu Chen

摘要:

对两栖动物多样性及其生境选择的调查, 可为两栖动物的保护提供基础性资料。我们于2018年9-10月、2019年3-8月对贵州省毕节市撒拉溪石漠化综合治理示范区30个研究样方的两栖动物进行了调查, 共观察到两栖动物5,688只, 隶属2目6科9属10种。采用Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数、Pielou均匀度指数等分析了不同等级石漠化区域中的两栖动物物种多样性, 采用Sorenson相似性系数、聚类分析等方法分析了群落的相似性与差异性。结果显示: (1)云南小狭口蛙(Glyphoglossus yunnanensis)为优势种, 贵州疣螈(Tylototriton kweichowensis)、红点齿蟾(Oreolalax rhodostigmatus)、中华蟾蜍(Bufo gargarizans)、华西雨蛙(Hyla annectans)和昭觉林蛙(Rana chaochiaoensis)为常见种, 粗皮姬蛙(Microhyla butleri)、沼水蛙(Hylarana guentheri)、筠连臭蛙(Odorrana junlianensis)和威宁蛙(Rana weiningensis)为稀有种。(2)无石漠化区域与潜在石漠化区域两栖动物物种数、个体数以及生境类型较之其他3个等级石漠化区域更为丰富, 多样性指数、丰富度指数以无石漠化区域为最大。(3)无石漠化区域和潜在石漠化区域之间、无石漠化区域和潜在石漠化区域分别与其他3个等级石漠化区域之间表现出较强的差异性。研究表明, 喀斯特地区石漠化导致的生境差异是两栖动物分布差异的重要原因, 加强石漠化的生态治理是喀斯特地区保护两栖动物的重要途径。

关键词: 石漠化, 喀斯特, 两栖动物, 多样性, 生境选择

Abstract

Amphibian protection can be encouraged through vital amphibian diversity and habitat selection studies. In September to October 2018 and March to August 2019, a total of 5,688 amphibians were recorded from the Bijie Salaxi rocky desertification comprehensive control area. The amphibians collected belonged to 2 orders, 6 families, 9 genera and 10 species. Various metrics were used to understand amphibian diversity in various environmental conditions such as the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Margalef richness index and Pielou evenness index. Additionally, the Sorenson similarity coefficient and cluster analysis were used to analyze community similarity and difference. The results showed that: (1) Glyphoglossus yunnanensis was the dominant species, Tylototriton kweichowensis, Oreolalax rhodostigmatus, Bufo gargarizans, and Hyla annectans, Rana chaochiaoensis were the common species, Microhyla butleri, Hylarana guentheri, Odorrana junlianensis, and Rana weiningensis were the rare species. (2) The abundance of species, individuals, and habitat types increased in no rocky desertification areas and potential rocky desertification areas than in the other three grades of rocky desertification areas. Additionally, the diversity index and richness index were the largest in the non-rocky desertification areas. (3) Between no rocky desertification areas and potential rocky desertification areas; potential rocky desertification areas, and no rocky desertification areas showed strong differences with the other three grade areas. This study shows rocky desertification habitat differences in karst areas is important to distribution differences among amphibians, and strengthening the ecological control of rocky desertification is an important way to protect amphibians in karst areas.

Key words: rocky desertification, karst, amphibians, diversity, habitat selection