遗传资源数字序列信息在生物多样性保护中的应用及对惠益分享制度的影响

doi:10.17520/biods.2019242

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

遗传资源数字序列信息是近年来DNA测序技术的产物, 目前已经渗透到生命科学和环境科学等领域。遗传资源数字序列信息的应用有助于解释生命的分子基础和进化理论, 为生物多样性的保护和可持续利用提供新的技术手段。随着《名古屋议定书》的生效和履行, 各缔约方对遗传资源惠益分享的认识逐步提高, 并采取有效的立法、行政等措施对本国的生物遗传资源进行管制。遗传数字序列信息作为一种特殊的非实物性质的信息资源, 将会给获取与惠益分享制度带来挑战。近几年, 遗传资源数字序列信息已成为《生物多样性公约》缔约方大会谈判的焦点议题。中国是生物多样性大国, 也是近年来生物技术发展较快的国家之一。中国作为《名古屋议定书》的缔约方, 应积极参与遗传资源数字序列信息相关的研究, 并应对由此带来的各种挑战。

关键词: 遗传资源数字序列信息, 生物多样性, 名古屋议定书, 惠益分享

Abstract

Digital sequence information (DSI) on genetic resources is a product of unprecedented improvements in genetic sequencing technology in recent years. The application of genetic DSI can help to explain the molecular basis and evolutionary theory of life and provide new technical methods for the conservation and sustainable utilization of biodiversity. With the implementation of the Nagoya Protocol, the Conference of the Parties (COP) has gradually deepened their understanding of benefit-sharing and adopted effective legislative and administrative measures to control their biological genetic resources. As a special kind of “non-physical” information resource, the application of genetic digital sequence information will bring challenges to access systems and benefit sharing. In recent years, genetic digital sequence information has become the focus of negotiations for CBD. China, as a large country with rich biodiversity, a contracting party of Nagoya Protocol, and also one of the countries with rapid development in biotechnology in recent years, should strive to participate in relevant research on this topic and actively respond to the challenges arising therewithin.

Key words: digital sequence information on genetic resources, biodiversity, Nagoya Protocol, benefit sharing

李保平,薛达元 (2019) 遗传资源数字序列信息在生物多样性保护中的应用及对惠益分享制度的影响. 生物多样性, 27, 1379-1385. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019242.

Baoping Li,Dayuan Xue (2019) Application of digital sequence information in biodiversity research and its potential impact on benefit sharing. Biodiversity Science, 27, 1379-1385. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019242.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2019242

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2019/V27/I12/1379

参考文献 29

[1]	Bacon CD, Silvestro D, Jaramillo C, Tilston SB, Chakrabarty P, Antonelli A ( 2015) Biological evidence supports an early and complex emergence of the Isthmus of Panama. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 19, 6110-6115.
[2]	Bagley M ( 2017) Towering Wave or Tempest in a Teapot? Synthetic Biology, Access and Benefit Sharing, and Economic Development. Victoria University Press, Wellington.
[3]	Bell KL, Natasha V, Alexander K, Rodney T ( 2016) Pollen DNA barcoding: Current applications and future prospects. Genome, 59, 629-640.
[4]	Bohmann K, Evans A, Gilbert M, Carvalho GR, Creer S, Knapp M, Yu DW ( 2014) Environmental DNA for wildlife biology and biodiversity monitoring. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 29, 358-367.
[5]	FAO ( Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) ( 2017) Indicators: Measuring up to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. FAO, Rome.
[6]	Gong FY, Li Y ( 2016) Fixing carbon, unnaturally. Science, 354, 830-831.
[7]	Hand BK, Hether TD, Kovach RP, Muhlfeld CC, Amish SJ, Boyers MC, Rourke SM, Miller MR ( 2015) Genomics and introgression: Discovery and mapping of thousands of species-diagnostic SNPs using RAD sequencing. Current Zoology, 65, 146-154.
[8]	IPBES ( 2016) Summary for policymakers of the assessment report of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services on Pollinators, Pollination and Food Production. In: Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Deliverables of the 2014-2018 Work Programme (eds Potts SG, Imperatriz-fonseca VL, Ngo HT, Biesmeijer JC, Breeze TD, Dicks LV, Garibaldi LA, Hill R, Settele J, Vanbergen AJ, Aizen MA, Cunningham SA, Eardley C, Freitas BM, Gallai N, Kevan PG, Kovács-Hostyánszk A, Kwapong PK, Li J, Li X, Martins DJ, Nates-Parra G, Pettis JS, Rader R, Viana BF), pp. 1-28. IPBES, Bonn.
[9]	Jimenez SG, Philp J ( 2016) Genomics and the bio-economy: Opportunities to meet global challenges. Genomics and Society, 12, 207-238.
[10]	Kaebnick GE, Jennings B ( 2017) De-extinction and conservation. Hastings Center Report, 47(4), 2-4.
[11]	Laiou A, Mandolini LA, Piredda R, Bellarosa R, Simeon MC ( 2013) DNA barcoding as a complementary tool for conservation and valorisation of forest resources. Zookeys, 365, 197-213.
[12]	López-Uribe MM, Soro A, Jha S ( 2017) Conservation genetics of bees: Advances in the application of molecular tools to guide bee pollinator conservation. Conservation Genetics, 18, 501-506.
[13]	Michael H, Isabel LN, Dave E, Carolina R, Mathieu R, Ruaraidh SH ( 2018) Using genomic sequence information to increase conservation and sustainable use of crop diversity and benefit-sharing. Biopreservation and Biobanking, 16, 368-376.
[14]	Nussbeck SY, Rabone M, Benson EE, Droege G, MacKenzie- Dodds J, Lawlor RT ( 2016) Life in data outcome of a multi- disciplinary, interactive biobanking conference session on sample data. Biopreservation and Biobanking, 14, 56-64.
[15]	SCBD ( Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity) ( 2017 a) Fact-finding and Scoping Study on Digital Sequence Information on Genetic Resources in the Context of the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Nagoya Protocol. SCBD, Montreal.
[16]	SCBD ( Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity) ( 2017 b) Inclusion of Digital Sequence Information Under the Scope of the Nagoya Protocol. SCBD, Montreal.
[17]	SCBD ( Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity) ( 2018) Summary of the UN Biodiversity Conference. SCBD, Montreal.
[18]	SCBD ( Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity) ( 2019) Composition of the Technical Expert Group on Synthetic Biology. SCBD, Montreal.
[19]	Scott D, Berry D ( 2016) Genetic Resources in the Age of the Nagoya Protocol and Gene/Genome Synthesis. Cambridge University Press, London.
[20]	Thole S, Kalhoefer D, Voget S, Berger M, Engelhardt T, Liesegang H, Wollherr A, Kjelleberg S ( 2012) Phaeobacter gallaeciensis genomes from globally opposite locations reveal high similarity of adaptation to surface life. The ISME Journal, 6, 2229-2244.
[21]	Thomsen PF, Willerslev E ( 2015) Environmental DNA: An emerging tool in conservation for monitoring past and present biodiversity. Biological Conservation, 183, 4-18.
[22]	Tian Y, Lan CZ, Xu J, Li XS, Li JS ( 2016) Assessment of pollination and China’s implementation strategies within the IPBES framework. Biodiversity Science, 24, 1084-1090. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 田瑜, 兰存子, 徐靖, 李秀山, 李俊生 ( 2016) IPBES框架下的全球传粉评估及我国对策. 生物多样性, 24 , 1084-1090.]
[23]	Vanbergen AJ ( 2013) Threats to an ecosystem service: Pressures on pollinators. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 11, 251-259.
[24]	Vasava DS ( 2016) Application of bio-technological techniques for medicinal plant research. Forest Research, 5, 191-194.
[25]	Vogel JH, Angerer K, Ruiz MM, Oduardo-Sierra O ( 2018) Bounded Openness as the Global Multilateral Benefit-Sharing Mechanism for the Nagoya Protocol. Routledge, London.
[26]	Welch E, Bagley MA, Kuiken T, Louafi S ( 2017) Potential Implications of New Synthetic Biology and Genomic Research Trajectories on the International Treaty for Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. FAO, Rome.
[27]	Xiong Y, Zhao X ( 2015) The development of synthetic biology in China: Opportunities and challenges. Science and Society, ( 1), 1-8. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 熊燕, 赵晓 ( 2015) 合成生物学的发展: 我国面临的机遇和挑战. 社会与科学, ( 1), 1-8.]
[28]	Xue DY ( 2017) The latest development for implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity. Biodiversity Science, 25, 1145-1146. (in Chinese)
	[ 薛达元 ( 2017) 《生物多样性公约》履约新进展. 生物多样性, 25, 1145-1146.]
[29]	Zhao FW, Cai L, Zang CX ( 2017) Latest developments in international regimes relevant to access and benefit-sharing of genetic resources. Biodiversity Science, 25, 1147-1155. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 赵富伟, 蔡蕾, 臧春鑫 ( 2017) 遗传资源获取与惠益分享相关国际制度新进展. 生物多样性, 25, 1147-1155.]