基于DNA条形码评估西双版纳国家级自然保护区对樟科植物进化历史的保护

doi:10.17520/biods.2017336

生物多样性 ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (3): 217-228. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017336

所属专题：物种形成与系统进化

• 研究报告: 植物多样性 • 下一篇

基于DNA条形码评估西双版纳国家级自然保护区对樟科植物进化历史的保护

侯勤曦^1,², 慈秀芹^1,², 刘志芳^1,², 徐武美³, 李捷^1,^*()

1 (中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园综合保护中心植物系统发育与保护生物学实验室, 昆明 650223)
2 (中国科学院大学, 北京 100049)
3 (云南师范大学能源与环境科学学院, 昆明 650500)

收稿日期:2017-12-25 接受日期:2018-02-24 出版日期:2018-03-20 发布日期:2018-05-05
通讯作者: 李捷
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31770569, 31500454)和中国科学院战略生物资源服务网络计划生物多样性保护策略(ZSSD-013)

Assessment of the evolutionary history of Lauraceae in Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve using DNA barcoding

Hou Qinxi^1,², Ci Xiuqin^1,², Liu Zhifang^1,², Xu Wumei³, Li Jie^1,^*()

1 Laboratory of Plant Phylogenetics and Conservation, Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223
2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
3 School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500

Received:2017-12-25 Accepted:2018-02-24 Online:2018-03-20 Published:2018-05-05
Contact: Li Jie

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为评估西双版纳国家级自然保护区对樟科这一重要植物类群进化潜力的保护情况, 揭示将物种进化历史纳入生物多样性保护评估的重要性, 本研究通过对西双版纳地区长期的野外调查并查阅标本记录与文献资料, 整理出该地区樟科13属121种物种的具体分布信息, 以植物条形码ITS序列作为分子标记构建了反映整个西双版纳地区樟科植物系统发育关系的系统发育树。我们以此为基础, 从物种层面分析了各物种的进化特异性(evolutionary distinctiveness, ED), 从区域层面分析了自然保护区内、外以及32个行政乡镇的系统发育多样性(phylogenetic diversity, PD), 并结合物种丰富度(species richness, SR)与物种濒危等级, 综合探讨了西双版纳国家级自然保护区对樟科植物进化历史的保护情况。研究发现, 西双版纳国家级自然保护区仅拥有整个西双版纳地区54.5%的樟科物种数, 却保护了该地区樟科植物约88.8%的进化历史, 没有被列入保护范围但却拥有高系统发育多样性的区域有打洛镇、易武乡等。就物种而言, 进化特异性相对较高的19个物种中, 有5种(26.3%)在自然保护区内没有分布; 濒危等级高的54个物种中, 有20种(37.0%)在自然保护区没有分布, 同时拥有高进化特异性和濒危等级的物种仅有1种不在保护区内分布。结果表明, 虽然西双版纳国家级自然保护区对樟科这一植物类群的系统发育多样性以及高保护价值物种的保护较好, 但仍有部分重要樟科植物的进化历史没有涵盖在现有自然保护区范围内; 按照传统方法设定的自然保护区虽能在一定程度上保护樟科物种的进化历史, 但仍然存在与标准化系统发育多样性保护策略相矛盾的地方。因此, 今后在建立自然保护区时, 应将系统发育多样性考虑在内, 以保护生物多样性应对环境变化的潜力。

关键词: 进化历史, 系统发育多样性, 进化特异性, 自然保护区, DNA条形码, 樟科

Abstract

Global biodiversity is diminishing at an unprecedented rate due to anthropogenic changes in the environment and establishing nature reserve is one of the most effective strategies for reducing biodiversity loss. Xishuangbanna, located in Southwest China, is a famous biodiversity hotspot and Lauraceae plants play an important role in the composition of its forest vegetation. To assess the role of Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve (XNNR, established in 1958) in the conservation of evolutionary history of Lauraceae and to demonstrate the importance of combining phylogenetic information with biodiversity conservation, the evolutionary distinctiveness (ED), phylogenetic diversity (PD), species richness (SR), and endangerment categories of Lauraceae plants in Xishuangbanna were investigated. Results show that XNNR conserves only half of Lauraceae species (54.5%) found in Xishuangbanna, while 88.8% of PD was protected. However, there are still some areas (e.g. Daluo Town and Yiwu Town) with high PD that are not listed as conservation areas. A total of 19 species with high ED values (> 0.1) were found in Xishuangbanna, of which five species (26.3%) were not conserved in the XNNR, while 20 (37.0%) of 54 endangered species were not distributed in the nature reserve. Only three species with both high ED and endangerment categories were not found in the nature reserve. Our study shows that the XNNR has protected a large proportion of PD and species with high conservation value, however, some important evolutionary history and endangered species of Lauraceae are still not conserved in the XNNR, indicating that the traditional assessment solely based on species richness could not incorporate phylogenetic information completely. We therefore conclude that PD should be considered in establishing nature reserves to maximize the evolutionary potential in an uncertain future.

Key words: evolutionary history, phylogenetic diversity, evolutionary distinctiveness, nature reserve, DNA barcoding, Lauraceae

侯勤曦, 慈秀芹, 刘志芳, 徐武美, 李捷 (2018) 基于DNA条形码评估西双版纳国家级自然保护区对樟科植物进化历史的保护. 生物多样性, 26, 217-228. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017336.

Hou Qinxi, Ci Xiuqin, Liu Zhifang, Xu Wumei, Li Jie (2018) Assessment of the evolutionary history of Lauraceae in Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve using DNA barcoding. Biodiversity Science, 26, 217-228. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017336.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2017336

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2018/V26/I3/217

图/表 7

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区域 Region	物种丰富度 SR (%)	系统发育多样性 PD_Faith (%)	标准化系统发育多样性 Standardized effect size of PD (PD_SES)	P
西双版纳国家级自然保护区 Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve	66 (54.5)	5.78 (88.8)	-	-
勐养子保护区 Mengyang sub-reserve	49 (40.5)	5.41(83.1)	1.15	0.85
勐仑子保护区 Menglun sub-reserve	47 (38.8)	5.49 (84.3)	1.35	0.89
勐腊子保护区 Mengla sub-reserve	53 (43.8)	5.64 (86.6)	1.21	0.88
尚勇子保护区 Shangyong sub-reserve	47 (38.8)	5.49 (84.3)	1.32	0.89
曼稿子保护区 Mangao sub-reserve	36 (29.8)	4.97 (76.3)	1.54	0.92
西双版纳地区(总) Xishuangbanna region (Total)	121	6.51	-	-

区域 Region	物种丰富度 SR (%)	系统发育多样性 PD_Faith (%)	标准化系统发育多样性 Standardized effect size of PD (PD_SES)	P
西双版纳国家级自然保护区 Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve	66 (54.5)	5.78 (88.8)	-	-
勐养子保护区 Mengyang sub-reserve	49 (40.5)	5.41(83.1)	1.15	0.85
勐仑子保护区 Menglun sub-reserve	47 (38.8)	5.49 (84.3)	1.35	0.89
勐腊子保护区 Mengla sub-reserve	53 (43.8)	5.64 (86.6)	1.21	0.88
尚勇子保护区 Shangyong sub-reserve	47 (38.8)	5.49 (84.3)	1.32	0.89
曼稿子保护区 Mangao sub-reserve	36 (29.8)	4.97 (76.3)	1.54	0.92
西双版纳地区(总) Xishuangbanna region (Total)	121	6.51	-	-

西双版纳行政乡镇 Administrative towns in Xishuangbanna		SR	PD_Faith	PD_SES	P
勐海县 Menghai County	勐满镇 Mengman Town	39	4.96	1.16	0.87
	勐阿镇 Menga Town	24	3.72	1.00	0.82
	勐往乡 Mengwang Town	26	4.63	2.06	0.97
	西定布朗族哈尼族乡 Xiding Blang Hani Ethnicity Town	17	2.00	-0.91	0.17
	勐遮镇 Mengzhe Town	20	3.13	0.51	0.70
	勐海镇 Menghai Town	12	1.24	-1.46	0.06
	勐宋乡 Mengsong Town	26	2.27	-1.49	0.04
	打洛镇 Daluo Town	30	4.83	1.95	0.96
	勐混镇 Menghun Town	31	4.64	1.57	0.93
	格朗和哈尼族乡 Gelanghe Hani Ethnicity Town	45	4.10	-0.43	0.35
	布朗山布朗族乡 Bulangshan Blang Ethnicity Town	13	2.12	-0.08	0.55
景洪市 Jinghong City	景讷乡 Jingne Town	29	3.64	0.25	0.59
	普文镇 Puwen Town	17	4.07	2.59	0.99
	勐旺乡 Mengwang Town	21	3.62	1.16	0.87
	大渡岗乡 Dadugang Town	22	3.35	0.62	0.74
	景洪 Jinghong	14	2.29	0.02	0.58
	勐养镇 Mengyang Town	38	4.92	1.20	0.87
	基诺山基诺族乡Jinuoshan Jinuo Ethnicity Town	52	4.33	-0.65	0.26
	嘎洒镇 Gasa Town	20	2.71	-0.11	0.53
	勐罕镇 Menghan Town	16	1.78	-1.13	0.07
	景哈哈尼族乡 Jingha Hani Ethnicity Town	15	2.23	-0.20	0.48
	勐龙镇 Menglong Town	53	4.39	-0.58	0.30
勐腊县 Mengla County	象明彝族乡 Xiangming Yi Ethnicity Town	43	5.02	0.99	0.83
	易武乡 Yiwu Town	26	4.58	2.11	0.97
	勐仑镇 Menglun Town	63	5.04	-0.42	0.33
	关累镇 Guanlei Town	28	2.74	-0.98	0.17
	瑶区瑶族乡 Yaoqu Yao Ethnicity Town	14	2.10	-0.28	0.47
	勐伴镇 Mengban Town	38	4.00	-0.03	0.50
	勐捧镇 Mengpeng Town	15	2.15	-0.30	0.46
	勐腊镇 Mengla Town	66	4.92	-0.76	0.21
	勐满镇 Mengman Town	15	1.73	-1.09	0.08
	尚勇镇 Shangyong Town	29	4.62	1.77	0.95

西双版纳行政乡镇 Administrative towns in Xishuangbanna		SR	PD_Faith	PD_SES	P
勐海县 Menghai County	勐满镇 Mengman Town	39	4.96	1.16	0.87
	勐阿镇 Menga Town	24	3.72	1.00	0.82
	勐往乡 Mengwang Town	26	4.63	2.06	0.97
	西定布朗族哈尼族乡 Xiding Blang Hani Ethnicity Town	17	2.00	-0.91	0.17
	勐遮镇 Mengzhe Town	20	3.13	0.51	0.70
	勐海镇 Menghai Town	12	1.24	-1.46	0.06
	勐宋乡 Mengsong Town	26	2.27	-1.49	0.04
	打洛镇 Daluo Town	30	4.83	1.95	0.96
	勐混镇 Menghun Town	31	4.64	1.57	0.93
	格朗和哈尼族乡 Gelanghe Hani Ethnicity Town	45	4.10	-0.43	0.35
	布朗山布朗族乡 Bulangshan Blang Ethnicity Town	13	2.12	-0.08	0.55
景洪市 Jinghong City	景讷乡 Jingne Town	29	3.64	0.25	0.59
	普文镇 Puwen Town	17	4.07	2.59	0.99
	勐旺乡 Mengwang Town	21	3.62	1.16	0.87
	大渡岗乡 Dadugang Town	22	3.35	0.62	0.74
	景洪 Jinghong	14	2.29	0.02	0.58
	勐养镇 Mengyang Town	38	4.92	1.20	0.87
	基诺山基诺族乡Jinuoshan Jinuo Ethnicity Town	52	4.33	-0.65	0.26
	嘎洒镇 Gasa Town	20	2.71	-0.11	0.53
	勐罕镇 Menghan Town	16	1.78	-1.13	0.07
	景哈哈尼族乡 Jingha Hani Ethnicity Town	15	2.23	-0.20	0.48
	勐龙镇 Menglong Town	53	4.39	-0.58	0.30
勐腊县 Mengla County	象明彝族乡 Xiangming Yi Ethnicity Town	43	5.02	0.99	0.83
	易武乡 Yiwu Town	26	4.58	2.11	0.97
	勐仑镇 Menglun Town	63	5.04	-0.42	0.33
	关累镇 Guanlei Town	28	2.74	-0.98	0.17
	瑶区瑶族乡 Yaoqu Yao Ethnicity Town	14	2.10	-0.28	0.47
	勐伴镇 Mengban Town	38	4.00	-0.03	0.50
	勐捧镇 Mengpeng Town	15	2.15	-0.30	0.46
	勐腊镇 Mengla Town	66	4.92	-0.76	0.21
	勐满镇 Mengman Town	15	1.73	-1.09	0.08
	尚勇镇 Shangyong Town	29	4.62	1.77	0.95

物种 Species	ED	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	分布 Distribution	物种 Species	ED	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	分布 Distribution
思茅黄肉楠 Actinodaphne henryi	0.11	EN	-	+	无根藤 Cassytha filiformis	1.08	-	VU	+
勐海黄肉楠 A. menghaiensis	0.02	-	VU	-	滇南桂 Cinnamomum austro-yunnanense	0.06	VU	VU	+
倒卵叶黄肉楠 A. obovata	0.06	-	-	+	钝叶桂 C. bejolghota	0.06	-	-	+
马关黄肉楠 A. tsaii	0.05	-	CR	-	阴香 C. burmannii	0.02	-	-	-
毛叶油丹 Alseodaphne andersonii	0.07	-	-	+	肉桂 C. cassia	0.02	-	-	-
长柄油丹 A. petiolaris	0.19	-	VU	+	坚叶樟 C. chartophyllum	0.04	EN	VU	+
山潺 Beilschmiedia appendiculata	0.05	-	-	-	聚花桂 C. contractum	0.06	-	-	-
勐仑琼楠 B. brachythyrsa	0.12	EN	VU	+	云南樟 C. glanduliferum	0.03	-	-	+
白柴果 B. fasciata	0.03	EN	-	+	大叶桂 C. iners	0.06	-	-	+
李榄琼楠 B. linocieroides	0.03	VU	-	+	爪哇肉桂 C. javanicum	0.02	-	-	-
少花琼楠 B. pauciflora	0.06	EN	VU	+	毛叶樟 C. mollifolium	0.02	EN	VU	+
厚叶琼楠 B. percoriacea	0.03	-	-	+	黄樟 C. parthenoxylon	0.02	-	-	+
紫叶琼楠 B. purpurascens	0.03	EN	VU	+	网脉桂 C. reticulatum	0.03	-	-	-
粗壮琼楠 B. robusta	0.04	-	-	+	卵叶桂 C. rigidissimum	0.02	-	VU	-
椆琼楠 B. roxburghiana	0.03	-	-	-	香桂 C. subavenium	0.04	-	VU	+
红毛琼楠 B. rufohirtella	0.09	EN	VU	-	柴桂 C. tamala	0.04	-	-	+
滇琼楠 B. yunnanensis	0.17	-	-	-	细毛樟 C. tenuipilum	0.03	-	-	+
物种 Species	ED	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	分布 Distribution	物种 Species	ED	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	分布 Distribution
樟 C. camphora	0.06	-	-	-	假柿木姜子 L. monopetala	0.09	-	-	+
尖叶厚壳桂 Cryptocarya acutifolia	0.08	-	-	+	香花木姜子 L. panamonja	0.06	-	-	-
短序厚壳桂 C. brachythyrsa	0.17	EN	-	+	红皮木姜子 L. pedunculata	0.01	-	-	-
岩生厚壳桂 C. calcicola	0.06	-	-	+	思茅木姜子 L. pierrei var. szemois	0.45	EN	VU	+
黄果厚壳桂 C. concinna	0.08	-	-	-	红叶木姜子 L. rubescens	0.02	-	-	-
丛花厚壳桂 C. densiflora	0.17	-	-	+	黑木姜子 L. salicifolia	0.05	-	-	-
贫花厚壳桂 C. depauperata	0.10	-	-	-	桂北木姜子 L. subcoriacea	0.01	-	-	-
海南厚壳桂 C. hainanensis	0.04	-	EN	-	伞花木姜子 L. umbellate	0.02	-	-	+
斑果厚壳桂 C. maculata	0.17	CR	-	+	轮叶木姜子 L. verticillata	0.03	-	-	-
云南厚壳桂 C. yunnanensis	0.23	EN	-	+	绒叶木姜子 L. wilsonii	0.05	-	-	-
香面叶 Iteadaphne caudata	0.15	-	-	+	云南木姜子 L. yunnanensis	0.15	-	VU	-
乌药 Lindera aggregata	0.02	-	-	-	长梗润楠 Machilus longipedicellata	0.02	-	-	-
香叶树 L. communis	0.07	-	-	+	黄心树 M. bombycina	0.01	-	-	+
绒毛钓樟 L. floribunda	0.02	-	VU	-	枇杷叶润楠 M. bonii	0.04	-	-	-
团香果 L. latifolia	0.02	-	-	-	簇序润楠 M. fasciculata	0.04	CR	-	-
山柿子果 L. longipedunculata	0.04	VU	-	-	秃枝润楠 M. kurzii	0.01	-	VU	-
滇粤山胡椒 L. metcalfiana	0.06	-	-	-	暗叶润楠 M. melanophylla	0.04	CR	VU	+
网叶山胡椒 L. metcalfiana var. dictyophylla	0.04	-	-	+	小花润楠 M. minutiflora	0.01	EN	VU	+
勐海山胡椒 L. monghaiensis	0.02	CR	VU	+	粗壮润楠 M. robusta	0.02	-	-	+
勐仑山胡椒 L. nacusua var. monglunensis	0.02	-	VU	+	红梗润楠 M. rufipes	0.02	-	-	+
无梗假桂钓樟 L. tonkinensis var. subsessilis	0.02	-	VU	+	柳叶润楠 M. salicina	0.03	-	-	+
假辣子 Litsea balansae	0.01	VU	-	-	瑞丽润楠 M. shweliensis	0.03	VU	-	-
大萼木姜子 L. baviensis	0.07	-	VU	+	细毛润楠 M. tenuipila	0.02	-	VU	+
沧原木姜子 L. cangyuanensis	0.01	-	-	-	柔毛润楠 M. villosa	0.03	-	-	-
金平木姜子 L. chinpingensis	0.01	-	VU	+	滇润楠 M. yunnanensis	0.01	-	-	-
山鸡椒 L. cubeba	0.03	-	-	+	滇新樟 Neocinnamomum caudatum	0.49	-	-	+
五桠果叶木姜子 L. dilleniifolia	0.04	EN	VU	+	海南新樟 N. lecomtei	0.49	-	VU	+
黄丹木姜子 L. elongata	0.02	-	-	+	下龙新木姜子 Neolisea alongensis	0.02	-	CR	-
近轮叶木姜子 L. elongata var. subverticillata	0.16	-	-	-	团花新木姜子 N. homilantha	0.02	-	-	-
清香木姜子 L. euosma	0.02	-	-	+	大叶新木姜子 N. levinei	0.05	-	VU	-
滇南木姜子 L. garrettii	0.03	-	-	+	勐腊新木姜子 N. menglaensis	0.02	CR	VU	+
潺槁木姜子 L. glutinosa	0.03	-	-	+	多果新木姜子 N. polycarpa	0.02	-	-	-
白野槁树 L. glutinosa var. bridellifolia	0.12	-	-	-	绒毛新木姜子 N. tomentosa	0.11	EN	-	+
华南木姜子 L. greenmaniana	0.01	-	-	-	沼楠 Phoebe angustifolia	0.03	-	CR	-
红河木姜子 L. honghoensis	0.06	EN	-	+	山楠 P. chinensis	0.05	-	-	-
秃净木姜子 L. kingii	0.05	-	-	-	披针叶楠 P. lanceolata	0.05	-	-	+
剑叶木姜子 L. lancifolia	0.08	-	-	-	大果楠 P. macrocarpa	0.03	EN	VU	-
椭圆果木姜子 L. lancifoiia var. ellipsoidea	0.01	-	-	-	大萼楠 P. megacalyx	0.04	EN	VU	+
有梗木姜子 L. lancifolia var. pedicefata	0.18	-	-	+	滇楠 P. nanmu	0.03	EN	VU	+
大果木姜子 L. lancilimba	0.01	-	VU	-	普文楠 P. puwenensis	0.03	EN	-	+
圆锥木姜子 L. liyuyingi	0.03	-	-	+	红梗楠 P. rufescens	0.03	EN	VU	+
长蕊木姜子 L. longistaminata	0.03	VU	-	-	紫楠 P. sheareri	0.06	-	-	+
玉兰叶木姜子 L. magnoliifolia	0.01	-	VU	-	景东楠 P. yunnanensis	0.03	EN	VU	-
毛叶木姜子 L. mollis	0.04	-	-	-

基于DNA条形码评估西双版纳国家级自然保护区对樟科植物进化历史的保护

Assessment of the evolutionary history of Lauraceae in Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve using DNA barcoding

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