生物多样性 ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (1): 27-35. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017240
所属专题: 生物多样性与生态系统功能
邓舒雨1,2, 董向忠3, 马明哲1,2, 臧振华1,4, 徐文婷1, 赵常明1, 谢宗强1, 申国珍1,*()
收稿日期:
2017-09-05
接受日期:
2017-12-10
出版日期:
2018-01-20
发布日期:
2018-05-05
通讯作者:
申国珍
作者简介:
# 共同第一作者
基金资助:
Shuyu Deng1,2, Xiangzhong Dong3, Mingzhe Ma1,2, Zhenhua Zang1,4, Wenting Xu1, Changming Zhao1, Zongqiang Xie1, Guozhen Shen1,*()
Received:
2017-09-05
Accepted:
2017-12-10
Online:
2018-01-20
Published:
2018-05-05
Contact:
Shen Guozhen
About author:
# Co-first authors
摘要:
保护区是维持生物多样性和生态系统功能的最有效方式, 但其保护成效有待提升, 土地利用变化是重要影响因素之一。本研究以神农架国家级自然保护区为对象, 基于神农架地区近20年的调查研究和数据积累, 通过异速生长模型、生物量方程、抽样加权等方法, 对比分析了土地利用方式转变格局下神农架国家级自然保护区森林生态系统地上、地下、凋落物、粗木质残体、土壤有机碳5个碳库动态, 分析论证了20年间(1990-2010)神农架保护区对森林生态系统碳库的保护成效。研究发现, 林地占神农架保护区总面积的92.76%, 其中针叶林(51.85%)、落叶阔叶林(35.11%)及常绿阔叶林(4.47%)3种森林类型合计占林地面积的98.56%。20年间神农架保护区林地面积增加了0.11%, 灌木林地和耕地面积分别减少了8.85%和6.06%。神农架保护区2010年碳储量为24.24 Tg C (22.57-26.62 Tg C), 土壤有机碳和地上碳合计占全部碳储量的90.68%。常绿阔叶林、落叶阔叶林和针叶林3种森林类型碳储量占神农架保护区碳储量的95%。20年间神农架保护区5个碳库碳储量均有所增加, 共固碳25.04 kt C (21.83-29.57 kt C), 固碳率为1.21 kt C/年(1.09-1.48 kt C/年), 其中地上生物量碳库和土壤有机碳库分别增加14.50 kt C (11.81-18.31 kt C)和6.84 kt C。保护区内总碳库碳密度高于保护区外22.37 t C/ha。研究结果表明, 神农架国家级自然保护区在保护森林固碳能力方面取得了一定的成效。
邓舒雨, 董向忠, 马明哲, 臧振华, 徐文婷, 赵常明, 谢宗强, 申国珍 (2018) 基于森林碳库动态评估神农架国家级自然保护区的保护成效. 生物多样性, 26, 27-35. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017240.
Shuyu Deng, Xiangzhong Dong, Mingzhe Ma, Zhenhua Zang, Wenting Xu, Changming Zhao, Zongqiang Xie, Guozhen Shen (2018) Evaluating the effectiveness of Shennongjia National Nature Reserve based on the dynamics of forest carbon pools. Biodiversity Science, 26, 27-35. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017240.
土地利用类型 Land use type | 1990年面积 Area in 1990 (ha) | 1990年占比 Proportion in 1990 (%) | 2010年面积 Area in 2010 (ha) | 2010年占比 Proportion in 2010 (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
常绿阔叶林 Evergreen broad-leaved forest | 3,245.71 | 4.46 | 3,249.13 | 4.47 |
落叶阔叶林 Deciduous broad-leaved forest | 25,448.97 | 34.99 | 25,532.75 | 35.11 |
针叶林 Coniferous forest | 37,694.08 | 51.83 | 37,713.32 | 51.85 |
针阔混交林 Coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest | 622.14 | 0.86 | 624.78 | 0.86 |
灌木林 Shrubland | 380.97 | 0.52 | 347.26 | 0.48 |
耕地 Cropland | 2,056.3 | 2.83 | 1,931.7 | 2.66 |
其他 Other | 3,281.99 | 4.51 | 3,331.22 | 4.58 |
表1 神农架国家级自然保护区土地利用格局
Table 1 Land use types and their areas in Shennongjia National Nature Reserve
土地利用类型 Land use type | 1990年面积 Area in 1990 (ha) | 1990年占比 Proportion in 1990 (%) | 2010年面积 Area in 2010 (ha) | 2010年占比 Proportion in 2010 (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
常绿阔叶林 Evergreen broad-leaved forest | 3,245.71 | 4.46 | 3,249.13 | 4.47 |
落叶阔叶林 Deciduous broad-leaved forest | 25,448.97 | 34.99 | 25,532.75 | 35.11 |
针叶林 Coniferous forest | 37,694.08 | 51.83 | 37,713.32 | 51.85 |
针阔混交林 Coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest | 622.14 | 0.86 | 624.78 | 0.86 |
灌木林 Shrubland | 380.97 | 0.52 | 347.26 | 0.48 |
耕地 Cropland | 2,056.3 | 2.83 | 1,931.7 | 2.66 |
其他 Other | 3,281.99 | 4.51 | 3,331.22 | 4.58 |
地上碳库 Aboveground carbon | 地下碳库 Belowground carbon | 凋落物碳库 Litter carbon | 粗木质残体碳库 Coarse woody debris carbon | 土壤有机碳库 Soil organic carbon | 总计 Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990 (Tg C) | 8.57 | 1.80 | 0.29 | 0.16 | 13.40 | 24.21 |
2000 (Tg C) | 8.58 | 1.81 | 0.29 | 0.16 | 13.40 | 24.23 |
2010 (Tg C) | 8.58 | 1.81 | 0.29 | 0.16 | 13.40 | 24.24 |
1990-2010年变化量 △Cstorage1990-2010 (kt C) (1990-2000; 2000-2010) | 14.50 (13.93; 0.57) | 3.01 (2.88; 0.13) | 0.21 (0.44; -0.24) | 0.49 (0.52; -0.03) | 6.84 (3.97; 2.87) | 25.04 (21.74; 3.30) |
1990-2010年变化率 Change rate of carbon storage during 1990-2010 (%) (1990-2000; 2000-2010) | 0.17 (0.16; 0.01) | 0.17 (0.16; 0.01) | 0.07 (0.16; -0.02) | 0.30 (0.32; -0.02) | 0.05 (0.03; 0.02) | 0.10 (0.09; 0.01) |
表2 神农架自然保护区1990-2010年间各碳库碳储量变化
Table 2 Carbon storage of different carbon pools in Shennongjia National Nature Reserve between 1990 and 2010
地上碳库 Aboveground carbon | 地下碳库 Belowground carbon | 凋落物碳库 Litter carbon | 粗木质残体碳库 Coarse woody debris carbon | 土壤有机碳库 Soil organic carbon | 总计 Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990 (Tg C) | 8.57 | 1.80 | 0.29 | 0.16 | 13.40 | 24.21 |
2000 (Tg C) | 8.58 | 1.81 | 0.29 | 0.16 | 13.40 | 24.23 |
2010 (Tg C) | 8.58 | 1.81 | 0.29 | 0.16 | 13.40 | 24.24 |
1990-2010年变化量 △Cstorage1990-2010 (kt C) (1990-2000; 2000-2010) | 14.50 (13.93; 0.57) | 3.01 (2.88; 0.13) | 0.21 (0.44; -0.24) | 0.49 (0.52; -0.03) | 6.84 (3.97; 2.87) | 25.04 (21.74; 3.30) |
1990-2010年变化率 Change rate of carbon storage during 1990-2010 (%) (1990-2000; 2000-2010) | 0.17 (0.16; 0.01) | 0.17 (0.16; 0.01) | 0.07 (0.16; -0.02) | 0.30 (0.32; -0.02) | 0.05 (0.03; 0.02) | 0.10 (0.09; 0.01) |
地上碳库 Aboveground carbon | 地下碳库 Belowground carbon | 凋落物碳库 Litter carbon | 粗木质残体碳库 Coarse woody debris carbon | 土壤有机碳库 Soil organic carbon | 总计 Total | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
内 Inside | 外 Outside | 内 Inside | 外 Outside | 内 Inside | 外 Outside | 内 Inside | 外 Outside | 内 Inside | 外 Outside | 内 Inside | 外 Outside | |
1990 | 117.76 | 121.10 | 24.77 | 25.42 | 3.92 | 4.00 | 2.22 | 2.51 | 184.21 | 157.04 | 332.87 | 310.08 |
2000 | 117.95 | 121.63 | 24.81 | 25.53 | 3.93 | 4.02 | 2.22 | 2.52 | 184.26 | 157.20 | 333.17 | 310.90 |
2010 | 117.96 | 121.60 | 24.81 | 25.53 | 3.92 | 4.02 | 2.22 | 2.51 | 184.30 | 157.19 | 333.22 | 310.85 |
1990-2010年增加量 △Cdendity1990-2010 (1990-2000; 2000-2010) | 0.20 (0.19; 0.01) | 0.50 (0.52; -0.02) | 0.04 (0.04; 0) | 0.10 (0.11; -0.01) | 0 (0.01; 0) | 0.02 (0.02; -0.01) | 0.01 (0.01;0) | 0.01 (0.01; 0) | 0.09 (0.05; 0.04) | 0.15 (0.16; -0.01) | 0.34 (0.30; 0.04) | 0.77 (0.82; -0.05) |
表3 神农架自然保护区内外1990-2010年各碳库碳密度(t C/ha)
Table 3 Carbon density (t C/ha) of different carbon pools inside and outside Shennongjia National Nature Reserve between 1990 and 2010
地上碳库 Aboveground carbon | 地下碳库 Belowground carbon | 凋落物碳库 Litter carbon | 粗木质残体碳库 Coarse woody debris carbon | 土壤有机碳库 Soil organic carbon | 总计 Total | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
内 Inside | 外 Outside | 内 Inside | 外 Outside | 内 Inside | 外 Outside | 内 Inside | 外 Outside | 内 Inside | 外 Outside | 内 Inside | 外 Outside | |
1990 | 117.76 | 121.10 | 24.77 | 25.42 | 3.92 | 4.00 | 2.22 | 2.51 | 184.21 | 157.04 | 332.87 | 310.08 |
2000 | 117.95 | 121.63 | 24.81 | 25.53 | 3.93 | 4.02 | 2.22 | 2.52 | 184.26 | 157.20 | 333.17 | 310.90 |
2010 | 117.96 | 121.60 | 24.81 | 25.53 | 3.92 | 4.02 | 2.22 | 2.51 | 184.30 | 157.19 | 333.22 | 310.85 |
1990-2010年增加量 △Cdendity1990-2010 (1990-2000; 2000-2010) | 0.20 (0.19; 0.01) | 0.50 (0.52; -0.02) | 0.04 (0.04; 0) | 0.10 (0.11; -0.01) | 0 (0.01; 0) | 0.02 (0.02; -0.01) | 0.01 (0.01;0) | 0.01 (0.01; 0) | 0.09 (0.05; 0.04) | 0.15 (0.16; -0.01) | 0.34 (0.30; 0.04) | 0.77 (0.82; -0.05) |
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