亚热带人工混交林叶功能性状对森林演替的响应规律及影响因素

doi:10.17520/biods.2024049

生物多样性 ›› 2024, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (7): 24049. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024049

• 研究报告: 植物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

亚热带人工混交林叶功能性状对森林演替的响应规律及影响因素

李艳朋¹, 盘李军², 陈洁¹, 许涵¹^,^*(), 杨立新²

1.中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所海南尖峰岭森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 广州 510520
2.佛山市云勇林场, 广东佛山 528518

收稿日期:2024-02-01 接受日期:2024-06-11 出版日期:2024-07-20 发布日期:2024-07-15
通讯作者: *E-mail: ywfj@163.com
基金资助:
中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资助(CAFYBB2022SY014);中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资助(CAFYBB2021SY002);中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资助(CAFYBB2021ZH002);广东珠江三角洲森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站项目(0144135)

Response and influencing factors of leaf functional traits to forest succession in subtropical mixed plantations

Yanpeng Li¹, Lijun Pan², Jie Chen¹, Han Xu¹^,^*(), Lixin Yang²

1. Hainan Jianfengling National Key Field Research Station for Tropical Forest Ecosystem, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China
2. Foshan Yunyong Forest Farm, Foshan, Guangdong 528518, China

Received:2024-02-01 Accepted:2024-06-11 Online:2024-07-20 Published:2024-07-15
Contact: *E-mail: ywfj@163.com
Supported by:
Fundamental Research Funds of Chinese Academy of Forestry(CAFYBB2022SY014);Fundamental Research Funds of Chinese Academy of Forestry(CAFYBB2021SY002);Fundamental Research Funds of Chinese Academy of Forestry(CAFYBB2021ZH002);Pearl River Delta Forest Ecosystem Research Station(0144135)

1. 附录.pdf(159KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物功能性状能够有效表征物种的存活、生长和繁殖策略, 厘清人工混交林叶功能性状特征及其对森林演替的响应规律有助于深入理解群落构建过程。本文以广东省佛山市云勇林场2003−2010年对杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)纯林改造后形成的亚热带人工混交林为研究对象, 基于2018年对9个地点共27个20 m × 20 m固定样方的群落调查和功能性状数据, 探究了不同叶功能性状对森林演替的响应规律及影响因素。首先, 计算了6种叶功能性状的平均值、变异系数、种内和种间变异等统计参数。其次, 使用回归分析和相关性分析明确了不同叶功能性状及其权衡关系随演替的变化规律。最后, 使用多元逐步回归分析和层次分割法探讨了叶功能性状格局的影响因素。结果表明: (1)人工混交林演替过程中的叶功能性状具有较强的可塑性。各功能性状的变异系数介于5.63%−70.98%之间, 且种间变异均大于种内变异。(2)随着人工混交林的正向演替, 共存物种的生态策略由保守型向获取型转变。(3)森林演替显著影响叶功能性状之间的权衡关系, 主要表现为比叶面积(SLA)与叶有机碳含量(LC)、叶全氮含量(LN)以及叶全磷含量(LP)的相关性随着森林演替进程而增强。因此, 即便在局域空间尺度下仍然不能忽略环境背景对植物功能性状权衡关系的影响。(4)恢复时间、物种组成和叶功能性状的改变共同驱动不同演替时间序列下群落水平的叶功能性状格局, 但其相对贡献大小因所研究功能性状的不同而存在差异。研究结果揭示了人工混交林演替过程中叶功能性状的响应规律及影响因素, 有助于为未来基于植物功能性状选择造林物种提供理论依据。

关键词: 人工混交林, 森林演替, 叶功能性状, 种内和种间变异, 响应规律

Abstract

Aims: Leaf functional traits, as essential indicators of plant photosynthesis, effectively reflect the species’ strategies for survival, growth, and reproduction in response to environmental changes. However, whether tradeoff strategies for leaf functional traits vary significantly with temporal scale is still lacking sufficient evidence. This study aims to clarify the characteristics of leaf functional traits in subtropical mixed plantations and their response patterns to forest succession, enhancing our understanding of community assembly processes.

Method: This study was conducted in the subtropical mixed plantations formed after the renovation of pure forest of Cunninghamia lanceolata in Yunyong Forest Farm, Foshan City, from 2003 to 2010. In 2018, data were collected from twenty-seven 20 m × 20 m fixed plots from nine sites, and sampling data of six leaf functional traits. The adaptive characteristics and response rules of different leaf functional traits to forest succession were analyzed. First, we calculated the mean, coefficient of variation, intraspecific and interspecific variation of leaf functional traits. Second, we used regression and correlation analyses to determine the changes and trade-offs of different leaf functional traits throughout forest succession. Finally, multiple stepwise regression analysis and hierarchical partitioning methods were employed to explore the influencing factors of leaf functional trait patterns.

Results: The results revealed that: (1) The leaf functional traits had strong plasticity during succession of subtropical mixed plantations. The coefficient of variation of different leaf functional traits ranged from 5.63% to 70.98%, and the interspecific variation was greater than intraspecific variation. (2) The ecological strategy of co-existing species changed from conservative to acquisitive along the forest succession of subtropical mixed plantations. (3) Forest succession significantly affected the correlations between different leaf functional traits. Notably, the correlations between specific leaf area (SLA) and leaf organic carbon content (LC), leaf total nitrogen content (LN), and leaf total phosphorus content (LP) strengthened as succession progressed. This indicates that the environmental context’s impact on plant functional trait trade-offs cannot be overlooked, even on a local spatial scale. (4) Recovery time, the changes of species composition and alterations in leaf functional traits collectively influenced the patterns of leaf functional traits across different succession stages. However, the relative contribution of each factor varied depending on the specific functional trait studied.

Conclusion: The results reveal the response patterns and influencing factors of leaf functional traits during forest succession in subtropical mixed plantations. These findings provide a theoretical basis for future species election in afforestation efforts based on plant functional traits in the future.

Key words: mixed plantations, forest succession, leaf functional trait, intraspecific and interspecific variation, response rule

李艳朋, 盘李军, 陈洁, 许涵, 杨立新 (2024) 亚热带人工混交林叶功能性状对森林演替的响应规律及影响因素. 生物多样性, 32, 24049. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024049.

Yanpeng Li, Lijun Pan, Jie Chen, Han Xu, Lixin Yang (2024) Response and influencing factors of leaf functional traits to forest succession in subtropical mixed plantations. Biodiversity Science, 32, 24049. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024049.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2024049

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2024/V32/I7/24049

图/表 7

表1 基于2018年调查结果的云勇林场人工混交林基本信息(平均值 ± 标准差, n = 3)

Table 1 Basic information of mixed plantations in Yunyong Forest Farm based on the survey in 2018 (mean ± SD, n = 3)

地点 Location	经纬度 Latitude and longitude	造林年份/恢复时间 Planting year/ Recovery time (yr)	物种数 No. of species	个体数 No. of individuals	Shannon-Wiener 多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener index	Simpson指数 Simpson index	Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou’s evenness index	取样数量 No. of samples (stem)
P1	22°46′ N, 112°39′ E	2003/15	15.00 ± 4.36	187.00 ± 44.31	1.99 ± 0.33	0.79 ± 0.08	0.74 ± 0.05	102
P2	22°43′ N, 112°40′ E	2004/14	16.67 ± 0.58	130.00 ± 2.00	1.68 ± 0.22	0.63 ± 0.10	0.60 ± 0.07	100
P3	22°46′ N, 112°41′ E	2004/14	12.67 ± 4.04	76.00 ± 23.00	1.93 ± 0.30	0.79 ± 0.08	0.78 ± 0.10	83
P4	22°46′ N, 112°40′ E	2005/13	15.33 ± 5.69	101.33 ± 25.58	1.85 ± 0.15	0.74 ± 0.04	0.70 ± 0.07	95
P5	22°45′ N, 112°42′ E	2005/13	9.00 ± 0.00	88.00 ± 26.06	1.54 ± 0.04	0.70 ± 0.01	0.70 ± 0.02	62
P6	22°43′ N, 112°41′ E	2005/13	14.67 ± 0.58	126.67 ± 34.70	1.72 ± 0.20	0.69 ± 0.08	0.64 ± 0.08	92
P7	22°46′ N, 112°40′ E	2009/9	7.33 ± 2.52	136.33 ± 27.61	1.20 ± 0.33	0.59 ± 0.11	0.61 ± 0.11	53
P8	22°44′ N, 112°40′ E	2009/9	14.33 ± 2.08	262.33 ± 9.29	1.30 ± 0.16	0.52 ± 0.07	0.49 ± 0.05	97
P9	22°46′ N, 112°40′ E	2010/8	13.33 ± 1.53	220.67 ± 37.69	1.52 ± 0.08	0.65 ± 0.03	0.59 ± 0.02	95

表2 基于779株取样个体计算的云勇林场人工混交林不同叶功能性状基本特征

Table 2 Basic information of the leaf functional traits based on 779 individuals in Yunyong Forest Farm

功能性状 Functional trait	平均值 ± 标准差 Mean ± SD	最大值 Maximum value	最小值 Minimum value	变异系数 Coefficient of variance (%)
LDMC (g/g)	0.32 ± 0.07	0.58	0.08	22.47
SLA (cm²/g)	81.61 ± 57.93	300.73	13.81	70.98
LT (mm)	0.18 ± 0.06	0.46	0.07	30.74
LC (g/kg)	502.72 ± 28.28	567.63	395.84	5.63
LN (g/kg)	21.76 ± 6.81	53.57	10.4	31.31
LP (g/kg)	1.25 ± 0.46	3.89	0.38	36.55

图1 亚热带人工混交林群落水平功能性状加权平均值(CWM)随森林演替的变化趋势。LDMC: 叶干物质含量; SLA: 比叶面积; LT: 叶厚度; LC: 叶有机碳含量; LN: 叶全氮含量; LP: 叶全磷含量。

Fig. 1 Variation trend of the community-level weighted mean values of functional traits (CWM) with forest succession in subtropical mixed plantations. LDMC, Leaf dry matter content; SLA, Specific leaf area; LT, Leaf thickness; LC, Leaf organic carbon content; LN, Leaf total nitrogen content; LP, Leaf total phosphorus content.

图2 基于所有779株取样个体的叶功能性状相关关系。对角线下的数字表示相关系数; 对角线上的图形由椭圆形到圆形表示相关性逐渐降低; “×”表示相关性不显著(P > 0.05)。LDMC: 叶干物质含量; SLA: 比叶面积; LC: 叶有机碳含量; LN: 叶全氮含量; LP: 叶全磷含量; LT: 叶厚度。

Fig. 2 Correlation of leaf functional traits based on all 779 sampled individuals. The numbers below the diagonal represent the correlation coefficient; the shapes above the diagonal from ellipse to circle show that the correlation decreases gradually. “×” means no significant correlation between variables (P > 0.05). LDMC, Leaf dry matter content; SLA, Specific leaf area; LC, Leaf organic carbon content; LN, Leaf total nitrogen content; LP, Leaf total phosphorus content; LT, Leaf thickness.

图3 SLA与LC、LN和LP相关关系随森林演替的变化趋势。SLA: 比叶面积; LC: 叶有机碳含量; LN: 叶全氮含量; LP: 叶全磷含量。

Fig. 3 Variation trend of the correlation between SLA and LC, LN and LP with forest succession. SLA, Specific leaf area; LC, Leaf organic carbon content; LN, Leaf total nitrogen content; LP, Leaf total phosphorus content.

表3 6种群落水平功能性状加权平均值(CWM)与各影响因子的多元回归分析

Table 3 Multiple regressions relating the community-level weighted mean values of functional traits (CWM) and impact factors across 6 leaf functional traits. LDMC, Leaf dry matter content; SLA, Specific leaf area; LT, Leaf thickness; LC, Leaf organic carbon content; LN, Leaf total nitrogen content; LP, Leaf total phosphorus content; Tsp, Species richness turnover rate; Tind, Abundance turnover rate; Tba, Growth rate of basal area; CV, Coefficient of variation; Q, The ratio of intraspecific variation to interspecific variation; RT, Recovery time.

	叶干物质含量 LDMC	比叶面积 SLA	叶厚度 LT	叶有机碳含量 LC	叶全氮含量 LN	叶全磷含量 LP
物种丰富度周转率 Tsp	-0.35^***	0.25^**	-0.47^***	-0.42^***	0.20^**	0.14^*
个体多度周转率Tind	-0.25^***	0.17^*	-0.30^***	-0.37^***	ns	ns
胸高断面积增长率 Tba	ns	ns	0.25^**	0.28^**	0.23^**	0.19^**
变异系数 CV	0.14^**	0.28^***	0.11^*	0.26^**	0.38^*	0.22^**
种内变异与种间变异的比值 Q	0.11^*	ns	0.18^*	ns	0.66^***	0.31^***
恢复时间 RT	-0.41^***	0.34^***	ns	-0.60^***	0.73^***	0.45^***

图4 各影响因子对6种叶功能性状分布格局的相对贡献。CWM: 群落水平功能性状加权平均值; LDMC: 叶干物质含量; SLA: 比叶面积; LT: 叶厚度; LC: 叶有机碳含量; LN: 叶全氮含量; LP: 叶全磷含量; RT: 恢复时间; Tsp: 物种丰富度周转率; Tind: 个体多度周转率; Tba: 胸高断面积增长率; CV: 变异系数; Q: 种内变异与种间变异的比值。

Fig. 4 Relative importance for each of impact variables to the distribution patterns of 6 leaf functional traits. CWM, Community-level weighted mean values of functional traits; LDMC, Leaf dry matter content; SLA, Specific leaf area; LT, Leaf thickness; LC, Leaf organic carbon content; LN, Leaf total nitrogen content; LP, Leaf total phosphorus content; RT, Recovery time; Tsp, Species richness turnover rate; Tind, Abundance turnover rate; Tba, Growth rate of basal area; CV, Coefficient of variation; Q, The ratio of intraspecific variation to interspecific variation.

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亚热带人工混交林叶功能性状对森林演替的响应规律及影响因素

Response and influencing factors of leaf functional traits to forest succession in subtropical mixed plantations

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