生物多样性 ›› 2014, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (2): 208-215. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.13160
收稿日期:
2013-07-12
接受日期:
2014-02-20
出版日期:
2014-03-20
发布日期:
2014-04-03
通讯作者:
李巧
基金资助:
Yanyan Ma1, Zizhong Yang2, Ping Feng1, Qiao Li1,*()
Received:
2013-07-12
Accepted:
2014-02-20
Online:
2014-03-20
Published:
2014-04-03
Contact:
Li Qiao
摘要:
为揭示不同蜘蛛类群对火干扰的敏感程度及蜘蛛群落外貌对环境变化产生的响应, 本文选取苍山针阔混交林2007年火烧迹地作为调查样地, 以无火烧记录的样地为对照, 运用陷阱法调查地表蜘蛛群落生活型及季节动态。研究结果显示: (1)火烧迹地中朱氏狂蛛(Zelotes zhui)(相对优势度 DV' =33.03)、晨豹蛛(Pardosa chionophila) (DV'=22.53)和西菱头蛛一种(Sibianor sp.1)(DV'=8.75)占明显优势; 而对照样地中龙隙蛛一种(Draconarius sp.2) (DV'=63.50)占绝对优势; (2)火烧迹地的定居型蜘蛛相对多度为25.82%, 显著少于游猎蜘蛛(P<0.001); 而对照样地的定居型蜘蛛相对多度为92.07%, 显著高于游猎蜘蛛(P<0.001); (3)火烧迹地地表蜘蛛优势类群随季节更替明显, 在夏季和冬季多度为低谷期; 对照样地优势类群稳定, 为漏斗蛛科蜘蛛。研究表明, 火干扰改变了苍山针阔混交林地表蜘蛛群落生活型组成, 降低了定居型蜘蛛的相对多度和地表蜘蛛群落的季节稳定性。
马艳滟, 杨自忠, 冯萍, 李巧 (2014) 火干扰对云南苍山地表蜘蛛群落生活型组成及季节动态的影响. 生物多样性, 22, 208-215. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.13160.
Yanyan Ma,Zizhong Yang,Ping Feng,Qiao Li (2014) The influence of fire disturbance on the biotype structure and seasonal dynamics of ground-dwelling spider on Cangshan Mountain, Yunnan Province. Biodiversity Science, 22, 208-215. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.13160.
图1 苍山火烧迹地和对照样地地表蜘蛛群落物种组成。图中数字所代表的物种名见表1。
Fig. 1 Composition of ground-dwelling spider community in burned and control forest, Cangshan Mountain, Yunnan. The species identifier number see Table1.
科名 Family | 物种名 Species | 生活型 Biotype | 物种编号 Species identifier | 相对优势度 Relative dominance values (DV') | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
火烧迹地 Burned | 对照样地 Control | ||||
巨蟹蛛科 Sparassidae | 苍山伪遁蛛 Pseudopoda cangshana | H | 22 | 0.77C | 0.18C |
狼蛛科 Lycosidae | 晨豹蛛 Pardosa chionophila | H | 3 | 22.53D | 0.41C |
漏斗蛛科 Agelenidae | 龙隙蛛一种 Draconarius sp.2 | W | 1 | 2.31C | 63.50D |
不定龙隙蛛 Draconarius incertus | W | 10 | 5.29S | 1.45S | |
隙蛛一种 Coelotes sp.3 | W | 20 | 0.62C | ||
光先隙蛛 Coelotes guangxian | W | 18 | 0.98C | ||
龙隙蛛一种 Draconarius sp.1 | W | 19 | 0.95C | ||
隙蛛一种 Coelotes sp.1 | W | 24 | 0.57C | ||
船形新漏斗蛛 Neagelena cymbiforma | W | 25 | 0.38C | ||
卵形蛛科 Oonopidae | 卵形蛛一种 Oonops sp.1 | H | 17 | 0.81C | |
伽马蛛一种 Gamasomorpha sp.1 | H | 21 | 0.61C | ||
皿蛛科 Linyphiidae | 中指蛛一种 Centromerus sp.1 | W | 7 | 5.54S | |
皿蛛一种 Linyphia sp.5 | W | 12 | 2.44S | ||
皿蛛一种 Linyphia sp.9 | W | 13 | 2.13C | ||
拟平腹蛛科 Zodariidae | 马利蛛一种 Mallinella sp.2 | H | 9 | 5.83C | |
平腹蛛科 Gnaphosidae | 朱氏狂蛛 Zelotes zhui | H | 2 | 33.03D | |
大理掠蛛 Drassodes daliensis | H | 11 | 4.04S | ||
弱蛛科 Leptonetidae | 弱蛛一种 Leptoneta sp.1 | W | 4 | 12.76S | |
跳蛛科 Salticidae | 卡氏方胸蛛 Thiania cavaleriei | H | 26 | 0.20C | |
西菱头蛛一种 Sibianor sp.1 | H | 6 | 8.75D | ||
兰戈纳蛛一种 Langona sp.1 | H | 8 | 6.40S | ||
肖蛸科 Tetragnathidae | 柔弱粗螯蛛 Pachygnatha tenera | W | 5 | 7.11S | |
逍遥蛛科 Philodromidae | 逍遥蛛一种 Philodromus sp.2 | H | 23 | 0.77C | |
异纺蛛科 Hexathelidae | 大疣蛛一种 Macrothele sp.1 | W | 16 | 1.75C | 0.32C |
圆颚蛛科 Corinnidae | 大理刺足蛛 Phrurolithus daliensis | H | 15 | 1.94C | 1.15S |
栅蛛科 Hahniidae | 栅蛛一种 Hahnia sp.2 | W | 14 | 1.57C |
表1 苍山火烧迹地和对照样地地表蜘蛛优势种(D)、亚优势种(S)和常见种(C)组成及其相对优势度
Table 1 Relative dominance values (DV') for the dominant (D), sub-dominant (S) and common (C) ground-dwelling species in the burned and control forest of Cangshan Mountain, Yunnan
科名 Family | 物种名 Species | 生活型 Biotype | 物种编号 Species identifier | 相对优势度 Relative dominance values (DV') | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
火烧迹地 Burned | 对照样地 Control | ||||
巨蟹蛛科 Sparassidae | 苍山伪遁蛛 Pseudopoda cangshana | H | 22 | 0.77C | 0.18C |
狼蛛科 Lycosidae | 晨豹蛛 Pardosa chionophila | H | 3 | 22.53D | 0.41C |
漏斗蛛科 Agelenidae | 龙隙蛛一种 Draconarius sp.2 | W | 1 | 2.31C | 63.50D |
不定龙隙蛛 Draconarius incertus | W | 10 | 5.29S | 1.45S | |
隙蛛一种 Coelotes sp.3 | W | 20 | 0.62C | ||
光先隙蛛 Coelotes guangxian | W | 18 | 0.98C | ||
龙隙蛛一种 Draconarius sp.1 | W | 19 | 0.95C | ||
隙蛛一种 Coelotes sp.1 | W | 24 | 0.57C | ||
船形新漏斗蛛 Neagelena cymbiforma | W | 25 | 0.38C | ||
卵形蛛科 Oonopidae | 卵形蛛一种 Oonops sp.1 | H | 17 | 0.81C | |
伽马蛛一种 Gamasomorpha sp.1 | H | 21 | 0.61C | ||
皿蛛科 Linyphiidae | 中指蛛一种 Centromerus sp.1 | W | 7 | 5.54S | |
皿蛛一种 Linyphia sp.5 | W | 12 | 2.44S | ||
皿蛛一种 Linyphia sp.9 | W | 13 | 2.13C | ||
拟平腹蛛科 Zodariidae | 马利蛛一种 Mallinella sp.2 | H | 9 | 5.83C | |
平腹蛛科 Gnaphosidae | 朱氏狂蛛 Zelotes zhui | H | 2 | 33.03D | |
大理掠蛛 Drassodes daliensis | H | 11 | 4.04S | ||
弱蛛科 Leptonetidae | 弱蛛一种 Leptoneta sp.1 | W | 4 | 12.76S | |
跳蛛科 Salticidae | 卡氏方胸蛛 Thiania cavaleriei | H | 26 | 0.20C | |
西菱头蛛一种 Sibianor sp.1 | H | 6 | 8.75D | ||
兰戈纳蛛一种 Langona sp.1 | H | 8 | 6.40S | ||
肖蛸科 Tetragnathidae | 柔弱粗螯蛛 Pachygnatha tenera | W | 5 | 7.11S | |
逍遥蛛科 Philodromidae | 逍遥蛛一种 Philodromus sp.2 | H | 23 | 0.77C | |
异纺蛛科 Hexathelidae | 大疣蛛一种 Macrothele sp.1 | W | 16 | 1.75C | 0.32C |
圆颚蛛科 Corinnidae | 大理刺足蛛 Phrurolithus daliensis | H | 15 | 1.94C | 1.15S |
栅蛛科 Hahniidae | 栅蛛一种 Hahnia sp.2 | W | 14 | 1.57C |
图2 苍山火烧迹地和对照样地地表蜘蛛群落生活型组成
Fig. 2 Biotype (web-building spider vs hunting spider) of ground-dwelling spider community in burned and control forest, Cangshan Mountain, Yunnan
图3 苍山火烧迹地和对照样地地表蜘蛛优势类群季节变化
Fig. 3 Seasonal variation of the dominant group of the ground-dwelling spider in burned and control sites, Cangshan Mountain, Yunnan
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