普洱市亚热带季风常绿阔叶林区蚂蚁多样性

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2009.09035

生物多样性 ›› 2009, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (3): 233-239. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2009.09035

所属专题：昆虫多样性与生态功能

普洱市亚热带季风常绿阔叶林区蚂蚁多样性

李巧¹, 陈又清²^,^*(), 王思铭², 郑勇³, 朱云辉³, 王绍云²

1 西南林学院保护生物学学院, 云南昆明 650224
2 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所, 云南昆明 650224
3 普洱林业学校, 云南普洱 665000

收稿日期:2009-02-12 接受日期:2009-03-25 出版日期:2009-05-20 发布日期:2009-05-20
通讯作者: 陈又清
作者简介:*E-mail: cyqcaf@yahoo.com.cn
基金资助:
中国林业科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFYBB2008001)

Diversity of ants in subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest in Pu’er City, Yunnan

Qiao Li¹, Youqing Chen²^,^*(), Siming Wang², Yong Zheng³, Yunhui Zhu³, Shaoyun Wang²

1 Faculty of Conservation Biology, Southwest Forestry College, Kunming, Yunnan 650224
2 Research Institute of Resources Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, Yunnan 650224
3 Pu’er Forestry School, Pu’er, Yunnan 665000

Received:2009-02-12 Accepted:2009-03-25 Online:2009-05-20 Published:2009-05-20
Contact: Youqing Chen

1. 附录I 普洱市亚热带季风常绿阔叶林区蚂蚁种类和数量（作为附录在网上发表）.pdf(315KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为揭示云南省普洱市亚热带季风常绿阔叶林区蚂蚁群落多样性, 作者于2008年采用样地调查法及生物多样性分析方法研究了刺栲(Castanopsis echidnocarpa)+华南石栎(Lithocarpus fenestratus)+红木荷(Schima wallichii)群落(I)、思茅松(Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis)+小果栲(Castanopsis fleuryi)+红木荷群落(II)、披针叶楠(Phoebe lanceolata)+粗穗石栎(Lithocarpus grandifolius)+刺栲群落(III)、西南桦(Betula alnoides)+红木荷群落(IV)和人工植被(V)的地表及乔灌草层蚂蚁群落多样性。运用陷阱法采集地表蚂蚁4,660头, 隶属于7亚科61种; 运用震落法和网扫法采集乔灌草层蚂蚁1,403头, 隶属于6亚科92种。地表蚂蚁群落物种丰富度的排序为: III>II>IV>V>I, 物种多样性的排序为: III>IV>V>I>II; 乔灌草层蚂蚁群落物种丰富度的排序为: II>I>III>IV>V, 物种多样性的排序为: III>I>II>IV>V。5个样地蚂蚁群落Jaccard相似性系数在0.217-0.488, 均为中等不相似水平。思茅松+小果栲+红木荷群落(II)受到的人为干扰最严重, 急需保护; 披针叶楠+粗穗石栎+刺栲群落(III)的多样性水平最高, 具有优先保护价值。地表蚂蚁能较好地指示植物群落受干扰状况, 而乔灌草层蚂蚁能更好地指示植物多样性。

关键词: 生物多样性, 蚂蚁群落, 物种丰富度, 植物多样性, Chao 1, Fisher α指数

Abstract

In order to get the basic information about ants and give some suggestions for the local biodiversity conservation, we studied the diversity of ant communities on the ground and in the tree, shrub and herb layers in Castanopsis echidnocarpa + Lithocarpus fenestratus + Schima wallichiiCommunity (I), Pinus kesiyavar. langbianensis + Castanopsis fleuryi + Schima wallichii Community (II), Phoebe lanceolata + Lithocarpus grandifolius + Castanopsis echidnocarpa Community (III), Betula alnoides + Schima wallichii Community (IV) and artificial vegetation (V) in Pu’er City, Yunnan Province. 4,660 ground-dwelling ants were collected by pitfall trapping, representing 61 species in 7 subfamilies of Formicidae, and 1,403 ants in the tree-shrub-herb layer were captured by shaking-off and sweep netting collection, representing 92 species in 6 subfamilies. In the five sample plots, ground-dwelling ant species richness ranked as III>II>IV>V>I, and species diversity ranked III>IV>V>I>II. In the tree-shrub-herb layer, ant species richness ranked II>I>III>IV>V, and species diversity ranked III>I>II>IV>V. Among the five sample plots, Jaccard coefficients (q) of ant communities ranged from 0.217 to 0.488, showing that the ant communities were moderately dissimilar. Pinus kesiyavar. langbianensis + Castanopsis fleuryi + Schima wallichii Community was heavily disturbed and need to be protected. Community III had the highest diversity. Ground ants could indicate the disturbance state of the plant communities, while ants in the tree-shrub-herb layer appeared to be good indicators for plant diversity.

Key words: biodiversity, ant communities, species richness, plant diversity, Chao 1, Fisher α index

李巧, 陈又清, 王思铭, 郑勇, 朱云辉, 王绍云 (2009) 普洱市亚热带季风常绿阔叶林区蚂蚁多样性. 生物多样性, 17, 233-239. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2009.09035.

Qiao Li, Youqing Chen, Siming Wang, Yong Zheng, Yunhui Zhu, Shaoyun Wang (2009) Diversity of ants in subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest in Pu’er City, Yunnan. Biodiversity Science, 17, 233-239. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2009.09035.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2009.09035

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2009/V17/I3/233

图/表 5

参考文献 31

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样地 Plot	乔木层 Tree layer		灌木层 Shrub layer		草本层 Herb layer
样地 Plot	郁闭度 Canopy density	高度 Height (m)	盖度 Coverage (%)	高度 Height (m)	盖度 Coverage (%)	高度 Height (m)
I	0.8	18	50	2.2	40	1.1
II	0.8	16	60	2.5	50	1.4
III	0.8	15	80	2.7	60	2.1
IV	0.1	5	25	2.4	85	3.1

样地 Plot	乔木层 Tree layer		灌木层 Shrub layer		草本层 Herb layer
样地 Plot	郁闭度 Canopy density	高度 Height (m)	盖度 Coverage (%)	高度 Height (m)	盖度 Coverage (%)	高度 Height (m)
I	0.8	18	50	2.2	40	1.1
II	0.8	16	60	2.5	50	1.4
III	0.8	15	80	2.7	60	2.1
IV	0.1	5	25	2.4	85	3.1

	样地 Plot	个体数Individuals	物种丰富度 Species richness (S)	Chao 1 Mean ± SD	Fisher α指数 Fisher α index Mean ± SD	Shannon-Wiener指数 Shannon-Wiener index	Simpson 指数 Simpson index
地表层 Ground layer	I	1,422	18	27.33 ± 7.86	2.91 ± 0.27	0.77	1.65
	II	2,647	31	44.20 ± 8.89	4.93 ± 0.35	0.38	1.12
	III	147	32	47.17 ± 9.40	12.61 ± 1.67	2.90	13.99
	IV	171	30	36.88 ± 5.13	10.54 ± 1.33	2.56	7.88
	V	273	30	34.00 ± 3.66	8.60 ± 0.94	2.51	7.78
乔灌草层Tree-shrub- herb layer	I	328	45	62.00 ± 9.55	14.12 ± 1.34	2.65	5.87
	II	438	41	75.20 ± 17.44	11.07 ± 0.99	2.25	4.85
	III	237	46	56.93 ± 6.28	17.02 ± 1.80	3.03	12.84
	IV	128	27	46.50 ± 12.33	10.45 ± 1.49	2.51	7.36
	V	272	33	38.14 ± 4.33	9.83 ± 1.05	2.42	5.73

	样地 Plot	个体数Individuals	物种丰富度 Species richness (S)	Chao 1 Mean ± SD	Fisher α指数 Fisher α index Mean ± SD	Shannon-Wiener指数 Shannon-Wiener index	Simpson 指数 Simpson index
地表层 Ground layer	I	1,422	18	27.33 ± 7.86	2.91 ± 0.27	0.77	1.65
	II	2,647	31	44.20 ± 8.89	4.93 ± 0.35	0.38	1.12
	III	147	32	47.17 ± 9.40	12.61 ± 1.67	2.90	13.99
	IV	171	30	36.88 ± 5.13	10.54 ± 1.33	2.56	7.88
	V	273	30	34.00 ± 3.66	8.60 ± 0.94	2.51	7.78
乔灌草层Tree-shrub- herb layer	I	328	45	62.00 ± 9.55	14.12 ± 1.34	2.65	5.87
	II	438	41	75.20 ± 17.44	11.07 ± 0.99	2.25	4.85
	III	237	46	56.93 ± 6.28	17.02 ± 1.80	3.03	12.84
	IV	128	27	46.50 ± 12.33	10.45 ± 1.49	2.51	7.36
	V	272	33	38.14 ± 4.33	9.83 ± 1.05	2.42	5.73

		I	II	III	IV
地表层 Ground layer	II	0.324
	III	0.316	0.313
	IV	0.333	0.356	0.409
	V	0.333	0.488	0.348	0.304
乔灌草层Tree-shrub-herb layer	II	0.344
	III	0.379	0.338
	IV	0.241	0.283	0.217
	V	0.279	0.276	0.317	0.277

普洱市亚热带季风常绿阔叶林区蚂蚁多样性

Diversity of ants in subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest in Pu’er City, Yunnan

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物种名 Species	地表层 Ground layer					乔灌草层 Tree-shrub-herb layer
物种名 Species	I	II	III	IV	V			I	II	III	IV	V
猛蚁亚科 Ponerinae
双色曲颊猛蚁 Gnamptogenys bicolor	0	0	0	0	1	0			0	0	0	0
爪哇厚结猛蚁 Pachycondyla javana	0	2	0	0	3	0			0	0	0	0
郑氏厚结猛蚁 P. zhengi	5	1	15*	6	8	0			0	0	0	0
黄足厚结猛蚁 P. luteipes	0	0	0	0	1	0			0	0	0	1
厚结猛蚁一种 Pachycondyla sp.1	0	0	2	0	0	0			0	0	0	0
厚结猛蚁一种 Pachycondyla sp.2	1	0	0	0	0	0			0	0	0	0
龙林猛蚁 Ponera longlina	7	1	14	2	1	1			0	0	0	0
缅甸细颚猛蚁 Leptogenys birmana	23	18	0	2	1	22			0	0	0	0
条纹细颚猛蚁 L. diminuta	0	0	0	0	3	0			0	0	0	0
环纹大齿猛蚁 Odontomachus circulus	0	2	0	4	4	0			0	0	0	1
山大齿猛蚁 O. monticola	0	0	2	1	0	0			0	0	0	0
横纹齿猛蚁 Odontoponera transversa	0	4	2	0	26	0			7	0	2	11
齿猛蚁一种 Odontoponera sp.	0	0	0	0	3	0			0	0	0	0
粗角蚁亚科 Cerapachyinae
槽结粗角蚁 Cerapachys sulcinodis	0	4	0	18*	0	0			0	1	0	0
盲蚁亚科 Aenictinae
光头盲蚁 Aenictus laeviceps	0	0	0	1	0	0			0	0	1	0
红褐盲蚁 A. punensis	1,066*	0	2	2	0	1			0	0	0	0
伪切叶蚁亚科 Pseudomyrmecinae
缅甸细长蚁 Tetraponera birmana	0	0	0	0	0	3			0	3	1	0
黑细长蚁 T. nigra	0	1	0	0	0	7			28	6	3	2
黑腹细长蚁一种 Tetraponera sp.	0	0	0	0	0	0			3	0	1	0
切叶蚁亚科 Myrmicinae
粒沟切叶蚁 Cataulacus granulatus	0	0	0	0	0	1			1	0	0	0
立毛举腹蚁 Crematogaster ferrarii	0	6	0	0	0	1			0	1	2	1
光亮举腹蚁 C. politula	0	0	0	0	0	9			175*	8	10	47*
上海举腹蚁 C. zoceensis	0	0	0	0	0	2			16	1	0	0
粗纹举腹蚁 C. macaoensis	0	0	0	0	0	0			0	0	0	2
罗思尼举腹蚁 C. rothneyi	0	0	0	0	0	5			0	1	0	3
米拉德举腹蚁 C. millardi	0	0	0	0	0	0			5	4	19*	0
玛氏举腹蚁 C. matsumurai	0	0	0	3	0	2			1	1	0	3
大阪举腹蚁 C. osakensis	0	0	0	0	0	0			1	0	0	0
圆鳞蚁一种 Epitritus sp.	0	0	0	0	0	1			0	0	0	0
费氏隆头蚁 Strumigenys feae	0	0	4	1	0	0			0	0	0	0
粗纹巨首蚁 Pheidlogeton trechideros	1	2,500*	13	25*	2	0			0	1	0	0
邻巨首蚁 P. affinis	296*	21	15*	20*	17	0			0	0	0	0
褐色脊红蚁 Myrmicaria brunnea	0	8	0	0	64*	10			6	1	10	99*
脊红蚁一种 Myrmicaria sp.	0	0	0	0	0	0			0	0	1	0
短刺棱胸蚁 Pristomyrmex brevispinosus	1	1	0	0	1	2			11	0	3	7
双针棱胸蚁 P. pungens	0	18	0	4	0	3			0	10	0	4
四刺冠胸蚁 Lophomyrmex quadrispinosus	0	0	24*	48*	0	0			0	14	6	0
弯刺角腹蚁 Recurvidris recurvispinosa	0	3	0	0	0	1			0	0	0	0
法老小家蚁 Monomorium pharaonis	0	0	1	0	2	0			0	0	1	2
东方小家蚁 M. orientale	0	0	0	1	8	1			0	0	0	2
海南小家蚁 M. hainanensis	0	0	0	0	0	1			0	0	0	0
物种名 Species	地表层 Ground layer					乔灌草层 Tree-shrub-herb layer
物种名 Species	I	II	III	IV	V		I		II	III	IV	V
罗氏棒切叶蚁 Rhoptromyrmex wroughtonii	0	0	0	0	0	2			0	7	0	0
拉帕铺道蚁 Tetramorium laparum	7	8	5	2	3	12			2	2	0	2
史氏铺道蚁 T. smithi	1	0	1	0	2	14			1	2	0	2
相似铺道蚁 T. simillimum	0	0	4	0	2	0			0	2	0	0
楔结铺道蚁 T. cuneinode	3	1	0	1	24	0			1	1	0	17
英格来铺道蚁 T. inglebyi	0	9	1	3	61*	2			1	2	0	10
诺斯氏铺道蚁 T. nursei	0	1	3	0	3	0			0	2	0	6
克氏铺道蚁 T. cuneinode	2	2	7	1	0	3			3	2	0	0
条纹切叶蚁 Myrmecina striata	0	1	0	0	0	0			0	0	0	0
锡兰刺切叶蚁 Acanthomyrmex luciolae	0	0	0	0	0	0			1	0	0	0
尼特纳氏大头蚁 Pheidole nietneri	1	0	10	7	8	0			0	1	2	3
棒刺大头蚁 P. spathifera	0	0	0	0	7	0			0	0	0	1
中华大头蚁 P. sinensis	0	1	0	0	0	0			0	0	0	0
凹大头蚁 P. sulcaticeps	0	0	0	1	0	0			0	0	0	0
亮红大头蚁 P. fervida	1	0	0	0	0	1			5	0	0	0
皮氏大头蚁 P. pieli	0	0	0	0	0	0			1	0	0	0
来氏大头蚁 P. lighti	0	0	0	0	0	0			1	0	0	0
大头蚁一种 Pheidole sp.	0	0	0	0	0	0			0	0	0	3
罗氏心结蚁 Cardiocondyla wroughtonii	0	0	1	2	0	0			0	0	0	0
疏毛无刺蚁 Kartidris sparsipila	3	11	1	0	2	0			4	0	0	0
贝卡盘腹蚁 Aphaenogaster beccarii	0	6	0	0	0	1			0	0	0	0
舒尔盘腹蚁 A. schurri	0	1	1	0	2	0			0	0	0	0
臭蚁亚科 Dolichoderinae
二色狡臭蚁 Technomyrmex bicolor	0	0	0	0	0	0			0	1	0	0
黑头酸臭蚁 Tapinoma melanocephalum	0	2	5	1	11	0			1	0	0	6
吉氏酸臭蚁 T. geei	0	0	0	0	0	5			4	31*	0	1
黑腹臭蚁 Dolichoderus taprodanae	2	5	0	4	1	128*			71*	32*	40*	1
黑可可臭蚁 D. thoracicus	0	0	0	0	0	8			0	1	0	0
鞍背臭蚁 D. sagmanotus	0	0	0	0	0	2			0	0	0	0
鳞结臭蚁 D. squamanodus	0	0	0	0	0	4			0	0	1	0
邻臭蚁 D. affinis	0	0	0	0	0	4			0	0	1	0
光臭蚁一种 Liometopum sp.	0	0	0	0	0	0			0	1	0	0
虹臭蚁一种 Iridomyrmex sp.	0	0	0	0	0	0			1	0	0	0
凹臭蚁一种 Ochetellus sp.	0	0	0	0	0	0			0	1	0	0
蚁亚科 Formicinae
网纹刺结蚁 Lepisiota reticulata	0	0	0	0	0	0			1	1	0	0
罗思尼斜结蚁 Plagiolepis rothneyi	0	0	0	0	0	1			0	5	0	0
阿禄斜结蚁 P. alluaudi	0	0	0	0	0	0			0	0	1	0
光结蚁一种 Anoplolepis sp.	0	0	0	1	0	1			0	0	0	0
双齿唇拟毛蚁 Pseudolasius bidenticlypeus	0	0	1	0	0	0			0	0	0	0
普通拟毛蚁 P. familiaris	1	1	4	2	0	0			0	0	0	0
日本黑褐蚁 Formica japonica	0	0	0	0	0	0			1	1	0	0
夏氏立毛蚁 Paratrechina sharpi	0	0	1	0	0	1			0	0	0	1
黄足立毛蚁 P. flavipes	0	0	0	0	0	1			0	1	0	0
长角立毛蚁 P. longicornis	0	0	0	0	0	0			0	1	0	0
亮立毛蚁 P. vividula	0	0	0	0	0	0			0	2	0	0
立毛蚁一种 Paratrechina sp.1	0	0	1	1	0	0			0	0	0	3
立毛蚁一种 Paratrechina sp.2	0	0	1	1	0	1			1	2	3	0
物种名 Species	地表层 Ground layer					乔灌草层 Tree-shrub-herb layer
物种名 Species	I	II	III	IV	V		I		II	III	IV	V
锡兰多刺蚁 Polyrhachis ceylonensis	0	0	1	0	0	16			52*	16	8	1
邻居多刺蚁 P. proxima	0	6	2	2	1	0			1	0	0	0
结多刺蚁 P. rastellata	0	0	0	0	0	24			7	4	0	0
阿玛多刺蚁 P. armata	0	0	0	0	0	0			0	0	1	0
哈氏多刺蚁 P. halidayi	1	0	1	0	0	0			0	2	0	1
光胫多刺蚁 P. tibialis	0	0	0	0	0	1			2	0	1	0
菲普逊多刺蚁 P. phipsoni	0	0	0	0	0	3			2	0	0	0
麦多刺蚁 P. moesta	0	0	0	0	0	0			0	41*	0	0
短胸多刺蚁一种 Polyrhachis sp.1	0	0	0	0	0	8			3	3	0	0
齿肩多刺蚁一种 Polyrhachis sp.2	0	0	0	0	0	2			0	0	0	0
多刺蚁一种 Polyrhachis sp.3	0	0	0	0	0	0			1	0	1	0
多刺蚁一种 Polyrhachis sp.4	0	0	0	0	0	6			1	9	1	0
毛钳弓背蚁 Camponotus lasiselene	0	0	0	0	0	0			0	2	0	0
平和弓背蚁 C. mitis	0	0	0	0	0	0			1	0	4	4
孔氏弓背蚁 C. confucii	0	0	0	0	0	0			1	2	0	0
尼科巴弓背蚁 C. nicobarensis	0	0	1	0	0	0			0	2	0	3
巴瑞弓背蚁 C. parius	0	0	0	4	0	0			0	0	1	3
红头弓背蚁 C. singularis	0	1	1	0	0	0			3	0	0	0
安宁弓背蚁 C. anningensis	0	1	0	0	1	1			8	1	3	19
小弓背蚁 C. minus	0	0	0	0	0	3			0	0	0	0
弓背蚁一种 Camponotus sp.1	0	0	0	0	0	0			0	2	0	0
弓背蚁一种 Camponotus sp.2	0	0	0	0	0	0			2	0	0	0

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