生物多样性 ›› 2012, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (4): 482-494.  DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.13056

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国西南与台湾地区维管植物的间断分布格局及形成机制

叶建飞1,3, 陈之端1, 刘冰2,3, 覃海宁1, 杨永1,*()   

  1. 1 中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室, 北京 100093
    2 中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室, 北京 100093
    3 中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2012-02-14 接受日期:2012-04-01 出版日期:2012-07-20 发布日期:2012-09-12
  • 通讯作者: 杨永
  • 作者简介:*E-mail: ephedra@ibcas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    环境保护部“生物多样性保护专项生物物种调查”项目;国家自然科学基金(31061160184);国家自然科学基金(30970177)

Disjunct distribution of vascular plants between southwestern area and Taiwan area in China

Jianfei Ye1,3, Zhiduan Chen1, Bing Liu2,3, Haining Qin1, Yong Yang1,*()   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093
    2 State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093
    3 Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
  • Received:2012-02-14 Accepted:2012-04-01 Online:2012-07-20 Published:2012-09-12
  • Contact: Yong Yang

摘要:

植物的间断分布格局及其形成机制是植物地理学研究的重要问题之一。本文在对中国大陆与台湾名录整理比较的基础上, 对中国西南与台湾地区的植物间断分布格局及形成机制进行了分析。结果表明, 两地同种型间断分布的维管植物有198种(包括变种和亚种), 隶属于56科129属, 其中蕨类植物86种, 裸子植物3种, 双子叶植物56种, 单子叶植物53种; 两地异种型间断分布的维管植物有22属, 隶属于15科, 其中蕨类植物6属, 裸子植物1属, 双子叶植物7属, 单子叶植物兰科8属。间断分布类群以草本植物为主, 主要是蕨类和兰科植物。间断分布类群在台湾地区主要分布在中部到东北部, 在大陆的分布主要集中在川东-鄂西地区、川西-滇西北地区-藏东南地区和滇东南-桂西-黔西南地区。在垂直高度上, 海拔1,550-2,350 m是间断分布类群最集中分布的海拔范围。我们推测中国西南与台湾地区的间断分布类群有3种来源: 北半球温带、中国西南和热带亚洲来源。

关键词: 台湾地区, 中国西南, 维管植物, 植物区系, 间断分布

Abstract

Disjunct distributional patterns and the formative mechanisms resulting in distinct flora has been an important focus in the field of phytogeography. In this study, we compared vascular plant checklists of the Chinese mainland and Taiwan, and analyzed the formation mechanisms of the discontinuous taxa between southwestern area and Taiwan area in China. We documented 198 total species (including infraspecies) in 129 genera and 56 families disjunctly distributed in southwestern area and Taiwan area in China, among which 22 genera in 15 families have species-pairs with a disjunct distribution between the two regions, including six genera of ferns, one of gymnosperm, seven dicotyledons, and eight monocotyledons. The disjunct taxa are mainly herbaceous, most of which are ferns and orchids. These disjunct taxa are mainly distributed in the center-northeastern Taiwan area, and three regions of the mainland China, including eastern Sichuan-western Hubei, western Sichuan-northwestern Yunnan-southeastern Xizang, and southeastern Yunnan-western Guangxi-southwestern Guizhou. These taxa are generally distributed along an altitudinal gradient ranging from 1,550 m to 2,350 m. We believe that these disjunct patterns may have been derived from three possible origins including a northern temperate origin, southwestern China origin, and/or tropical Asia origin.

Key words: Taiwan area, southwestern China, vascular plants, flora, biogeography, disjunct distribution