生物多样性 ›› 2011, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (2): 197-205.  DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.09220

所属专题: 中国的森林生物多样性监测

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

雪灾对古田山常绿阔叶林群落结构的影响

曼兴兴1,2, 米湘成1, 马克平1,*()   

  1. 1 (中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室, 北京 100093)
    2 (中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049)
  • 收稿日期:2010-09-15 接受日期:2010-11-29 出版日期:2011-03-20 发布日期:2011-06-01
  • 通讯作者: 马克平
  • 作者简介:*E-mail: kpma@ibcas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目“中国东部森林生物多样性格局与地理分异”(kzcx2-yw-430)

Effects of an ice storm on community structure of an evergreen broad- leaved forest in Gutianshan National Nature Reserve, Zhejiang Province

Xingxing Man1,2, Xiangcheng Mi1, Keping Ma1,*()   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093
    2 Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
  • Received:2010-09-15 Accepted:2010-11-29 Online:2011-03-20 Published:2011-06-01
  • Contact: Keping Ma

摘要:

为了解雪灾对亚热带常绿阔叶林群落结构的影响, 我们于2008年初对古田山24 ha固定监测样地进行了调查。经统计, 约1/3的树木遭受重度损伤, 1/3的树木遭受轻度损伤。选择生境类型、胸径、物种的物候型、生长型4个因子, 用多项逻辑斯蒂回归分析了这些因子对个体损伤的影响。结果表明: 低海拔山谷受损最严重, 树木倒伏、折断的倾向最大, 高海拔山脊受损最轻。胸径影响树木的受损程度和类型, 大致来说, 随着胸径的增大, 树木受损的比例增大, 折断、断梢相对于压弯的可能性逐渐增大, 断枝相对折断、断梢的可能性也逐渐增大。常绿物种较落叶物种受损更重。由于上层乔木的庇护, 灌木树种受损较为轻微。采用除趋势对应分析(DCA)比较了雪灾前后群落结构的变化, 结果表明: 在40 m × 40 m尺度上, 群落的变化与随机变化的零假设有显著差异, 这说明冰雪灾害对个体的损伤不是随机的, 而是有物种选择性的, 如甜槠(Castanopsis eyrei)、木荷(Schima superba)和马尾松(Pinus massoniana)等物种受灾情况显著低于随机损伤的零假设, 而青冈(Cyclobalanopsis glauca)、石栎(Lithocarpus glaber)、马银花(Rhododendron ovatum)等物种显著地高于随机损伤的零假设, 群落的物种组成在雪灾后发生了显著的变化。

关键词: 冰雪灾害, 受损类型, 多项逻辑斯蒂回归, DCA, 群落结构

Abstract

We inventoried tree damage within a 24-ha plot in Gutianshan National Nature Reserve immediately after the ice storm that affected south China in 2008. This ice storm caused severe damage to one third of trees and relatively slight damage to another third of trees in the plot. Results from our multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that all of the four examined factors, diameter at breast height (DBH), habitat type, plant life form and leaf habit (evergreen/deciduous), had close relationship with the damage types of forest trees. The results of multinomial logistic regression model indicated that evergreen canopy trees in low valleys with larger DBH suffered more severe damage. Detrended correspondence analysis was employed to compare variation in forest community composition before and after the ice storm. Variation in community composition before and after the ice storm differed significantly from stochastic variation modeled with null models at scales of 40 m×40 m. This result indicates that some species are more prone to ice-storm damage than others, which may result in directional changes in community composition.

Key words: ice storm, damage type, multinomial logistic regression, detrended correspondence analysis, community structure