生物多样性 ›› 2011, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (2): 190-196. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.07030
所属专题: 中国的森林生物多样性监测
宋凯1,2, 米湘成1,*(), 贾琪1,3, 任海保1, DanBebber4, 马克平1
收稿日期:
2011-02-22
接受日期:
2011-03-04
出版日期:
2011-03-20
发布日期:
2011-06-01
通讯作者:
米湘成
作者简介:
*E-mail: mixiangcheng@ibcas.ac.cn
Kai Song1,2, Xiangcheng Mi1,*(), Qi Jia1,3, Haibao Ren1, Dan Bebber4, Keping Ma1
Received:
2011-02-22
Accepted:
2011-03-04
Online:
2011-03-20
Published:
2011-06-01
Contact:
Xiangcheng Mi
Supported by:
摘要:
群落谱系结构包含群落发育的历史信息, 能从新的角度反映群落形成的生态过程。作者在浙江古田山自然保护区亚热带常绿阔叶林中选择了人为干扰强度不同的4种群落类型, 以20 m×20 m为研究尺度探讨了不同干扰程度对群落谱系结构的影响。结果表明, 人工林(类型I)谱系结构发散; 但间伐林(类型II)、自然恢复林(类型III)以及自然老龄林(类型IV)谱系结构聚集, 且以类型II和IV聚集度最高。进一步分析不同径级谱系结构发现, 在中小径级(DBH≤5 cm和5 cm<DBH≤10 cm), 类型II、III、IV群落谱系结构聚集, 而类型I群落谱系结构发散; 但DBH>10 cm时, 除了类型IV, 其他3种群落都是谱系结构发散, 这反映了在恢复早期种子扩散对这些林型群落构建影响较大; 而皆伐后的演替和间伐增加了群落生境异质性, 生境过滤作用增强, 使类型II、III群落中小径级谱系结构表现为聚集; 类型IV群落不同径级谱系结构均表现为聚集, 可能与其稳定的生境过滤作用有关。
宋凯, 米湘成, 贾琪, 任海保, DanBebber, 马克平 (2011) 不同程度人为干扰对古田山森林群落谱系结构的影响. 生物多样性, 19, 190-196. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.07030.
Kai Song, Xiangcheng Mi, Qi Jia, Haibao Ren, Dan Bebber, Keping Ma (2011) Variation in phylogenetic structure of forest communities along a human disturbance gradient in Gutianshan forest, China. Biodiversity Science, 19, 190-196. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.07030.
样地 Plot | 群落类型 Community type | 物种数 Species richness | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
总数 Total | DBH≤5 cm | 5 cm <DBH≤ 10 cm | DBH> 10 cm | ||
1 | I | 81 | 77 | 31 | 22 |
2 | IV | 114 | 96 | 56 | 73 |
3 | II | 100 | 100 | 66 | 25 |
4 | IV | 89 | 83 | 50 | 39 |
5 | III | 105 | 96 | 53 | 43 |
6 | III | 123 | 113 | 68 | 46 |
7 | I | 90 | 86 | 32 | 18 |
8 | II | 95 | 89 | 58 | 25 |
9 | II | 85 | 76 | 53 | 19 |
10 | IV | 118 | 96 | 68 | 72 |
11 | I | 98 | 90 | 40 | 16 |
12 | III | 87 | 80 | 45 | 34 |
表1 12个1 ha样地群落类型及不同径级的物种数
Table 1 Community types and species richness of 12 1-ha plots
样地 Plot | 群落类型 Community type | 物种数 Species richness | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
总数 Total | DBH≤5 cm | 5 cm <DBH≤ 10 cm | DBH> 10 cm | ||
1 | I | 81 | 77 | 31 | 22 |
2 | IV | 114 | 96 | 56 | 73 |
3 | II | 100 | 100 | 66 | 25 |
4 | IV | 89 | 83 | 50 | 39 |
5 | III | 105 | 96 | 53 | 43 |
6 | III | 123 | 113 | 68 | 46 |
7 | I | 90 | 86 | 32 | 18 |
8 | II | 95 | 89 | 58 | 25 |
9 | II | 85 | 76 | 53 | 19 |
10 | IV | 118 | 96 | 68 | 72 |
11 | I | 98 | 90 | 40 | 16 |
12 | III | 87 | 80 | 45 | 34 |
群落类型 Community type | I | II | III |
---|---|---|---|
II | 0.2146 | ||
III | 0.2239 | 0.1910 | |
IV | 0.2920 | 0.2161 | 0.2177 |
表2 不同类型群落间相似性系数(S?rensen指数)
Table 2 The S?rensen index between different community types
群落类型 Community type | I | II | III |
---|---|---|---|
II | 0.2146 | ||
III | 0.2239 | 0.1910 | |
IV | 0.2920 | 0.2161 | 0.2177 |
变异来源 Source | df | SS | s2 | F | Pr>F |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
干扰类型 Disturbance type | 3 | 64.5689 | 21.5230 | 19.09 | <0.0001 |
误差 Error | 296 | 333.7407 | 1.1275 | ||
总变异 Corrected total | 299 | 398.3096 |
表3 不同程度干扰群落净谱系亲缘关系指数NRI的LSD单因素方差分析表
Table 3 LSD’s one-way ANOVA for Net Relatedness Index of communities with different disturbance types
变异来源 Source | df | SS | s2 | F | Pr>F |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
干扰类型 Disturbance type | 3 | 64.5689 | 21.5230 | 19.09 | <0.0001 |
误差 Error | 296 | 333.7407 | 1.1275 | ||
总变异 Corrected total | 299 | 398.3096 |
变异来源 Source | df | SS | S2 | F | Pr>F |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
干扰类型 Disturbance type (DT) | 3 | 210.0901 | 70.03 | 42.76 | <.0001 |
径级结构 DBH | 2 | 489.0633 | 244.5317 | 149.31 | <.0001 |
干扰类型× 径级结构 DT× DBH | 6 | 69.703 | 11.6172 | 7.09 | <.0001 |
误差 Error | 859 | 1406.8081 | 1.6377 | ||
总变异 Corrected total | 870 | 2175.6645 |
表4 不同干扰类型及径级结构的群落净谱系亲缘关系指数NRI方差分析表
Table 4 Two-way ANOVA for Net Relatedness Index of communities with different disturbance types and DBH classes
变异来源 Source | df | SS | S2 | F | Pr>F |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
干扰类型 Disturbance type (DT) | 3 | 210.0901 | 70.03 | 42.76 | <.0001 |
径级结构 DBH | 2 | 489.0633 | 244.5317 | 149.31 | <.0001 |
干扰类型× 径级结构 DT× DBH | 6 | 69.703 | 11.6172 | 7.09 | <.0001 |
误差 Error | 859 | 1406.8081 | 1.6377 | ||
总变异 Corrected total | 870 | 2175.6645 |
图1 不同干扰类型群落内样方的净谱系亲缘关系NRI平均值。 I、II、III、IV, 同表1。
Fig. 1 The mean value of Net Relatedness Index of communities of different human disturbance types. I, II, III, IV, see Table 1. The letters on bars are the results of multiple comparison for different community types.
地形因子 Topographical factor | 海拔 Elevation | 坡向 Aspect | 坡度 Slope | 凹凸度 Convexity |
---|---|---|---|---|
P | 0.3916 | 0.1153 | 0.3711 | 0.043* |
R2 | 0.0025 | 0.0083 | 0.0027 | 0.0137 |
表5 不同地形因子对群落谱系结构净谱系亲缘关系指数NRI的影响
Table 5 Effects of different topographical factors on Net Relatedness Index of communities
地形因子 Topographical factor | 海拔 Elevation | 坡向 Aspect | 坡度 Slope | 凹凸度 Convexity |
---|---|---|---|---|
P | 0.3916 | 0.1153 | 0.3711 | 0.043* |
R2 | 0.0025 | 0.0083 | 0.0027 | 0.0137 |
图2 不同径级范围内, 不同干扰类型群落净谱系亲缘关系NRI平均值。 图中字母为同一径级内不同类型群落间的多重比较结果。I、II、III、IV, 同表1。
Fig. 2 The mean value Net Relatedness Index of communities of different DBH classes. The letters on bars are the results of multiple comparison for different community types for the same DBH class. I, II, III, IV, see Table 1.
图3 I型人工林去除杉木后, 不同干扰类型群落内样方的净谱系亲缘关系NRI平均值。 图中直方图上方字母为方差分析多重比较结果。I、II、III、IV, 同表1。
Fig. 3 The mean value of Net Relatedness Index of communities with different human disturbance after excluding Cunninghamia lanceolata from plantation forest. The letters on bars are the results of multiple comparison for different community types. I, II, III, IV, see Table 1.
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