关键词: 泉州湾, 群落结构, 优势种, 营养级指数

Abstract

The composition and diversity of fish species in Quanzhou Bay waters are analyzed based on 2 seasonal surveys in 2008. A total of 54 fish species belonging to 32 families, 13 orders and 2 classes are recorded. According to their living environment, the fishes can be grouped into 3 types, among them 12 species are pelagic fish, 19 are near demersal fish and 23 demersal fish. According to temperature adaptation, the fishes can be divided into 2 types, i.e. 40 species are warm water and the rest 14 are temperate warm water fish. In terms of food habit, they can be grouped into 4 types, of which 4 species of omnivores, 37 lower carnivorous, 8 middle carnivorous and 5 higher carnivorous. Argyrosomus argentatus and Johnius belengerii were the first dominant species in May. Then, they were replaced by Coilia mystus and Harpodon nehereus in October. Comparing with a survey in 1985, we find that the species composition and the dominant species of the bay have changed obviously. The Shannon-Wiener index decreased from 3.05 to 2.32, the Pielou evenness decreased from 0.76 to 0.58, the trophic index decreased from 2.79 to 2.54. It is suggested that factors such as overfishing, water pollution and habitat loss may have reduced the fish diversity of the bay.

Key words: Quanzhou Bay, species composition, dominant species, trophic index