金华猪遗传结构及其与太湖猪遗传分化的研究

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07399

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究利用65个微卫星标记结合荧光标记检测技术, 对金华猪I系、II系、III系共271个个体以及嘉兴黑猪、中梅山猪、小梅山猪和二花脸猪等4个太湖猪品种和嵊县花猪各30头的基因型进行了检测, 统计分析了金华猪各品系的遗传结构及各猪种群间的遗传分化。结果显示: 金华猪品系间具有丰富的遗传变异, 平均有效等位基因数以金华猪I系最高, 为3.5; 其次是II系和III系, 分别是2.8和2.5, 金华猪3个品系的平均多态信息含量均高于0.5; I、II、III系的平均观察杂合度分别是0.381、0.399和0.442。金华猪3个品系偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡的程度不一:I系偏离较大, III系次之, II系相对较小。分析认为金华猪各品系存在一定程度的近交, 品系间存在不同的等位基因。遗传分化结果显示: 金华猪II系和III系间遗传分化相对较小(F_ST=0.1883), 但它们与I系间的遗传分化较大, F_ST值分别是0.3663和0.3619。同时, 金华猪各品系与太湖猪的遗传关系较近, 其中与中梅山猪群体遗传分化相对较小, F_ST值分别为0.3581、0.3560和0.3572。而金华猪各品系与嵊县花猪的遗传分化最大, F_ST值分别为0.4499, 0.4654和0.4801, 由此可见, 金华猪不同于其他浙江省地方品种, 有着独立的起源和驯化进程。

关键词: 金华猪, 微卫星, 多态信息含量, 杂合度, 遗传多样性

Abstract

The genotypes of Jinhua (lines I, II, and III), Shengxianhua, and four Taihu pigs (Jiaxing Black, Middle Meishan, Small Meishan, Erhualian) were investigated using 65 microsatellite DNA markers through fluorescence PCR. Our objectives were to investigate the genetic structure within Jinhua pigs as well as genetic differentiation of Jinhua pigs from the other five breeds. We found a large range of genetic variation in Jinhua pigs. LineIhad the highest average number of effective alleles (N_e = 3.5), followed by LineII (N_e = 2.8), and Line III (N_e = 2.5). The average polymorphism information content (PIC) in each line was above 0.5, with an average observed heterozygosity of 0.381, 0.399, and 0.442, in lines I, II, and III, respectively. Furthermore, a decreasing number of microsatellite loci that deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were found in lines I, III, and II, respectively. Inbreeding has occurred to some extent in each of the Jinhua lines. Analyses showed that differentiation between Jinhua lines III and II was relatively small (F_ST= 0.1883). However, greater differentiation was found between lineIand lines II and III (F_ST-value 0.3663 and 0.3619, respectively). Moreover, the genetic relationship between Jinhua pigs and Taihu pigs were close. The Taihu pig breed with the smallest differentiation from Jinhua pigs was Middle Meishan, but a high degree of genetic differentiation existed in Shengxianhua pig and each Jinhua line. In conclusion, Jinhua pig has a unique evolution process in terms of the origin and domestication history, which is different from other Zhejiang native breeds.

Key words: Jinhua pig, microsatellite, polymorphism information content, heterozygosity, genetic differentiation

赵晓枫, 吴俊红, 徐宁迎, 胡晓湘, 李宁 (2008) 金华猪遗传结构及其与太湖猪遗传分化的研究. 生物多样性, 16, 339-345. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07399.

Xiaofeng Zhao, Junhong Wu, Ningying Xu, Xiaoxiang Hu, Ning Li (2008) Genetic structure of Jinhua pig and genetic differentiation of Jinhua pig and Taihu pig breeds based on microsatellite DNA markers. Biodiversity Science, 16, 339-345. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07399.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07399

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2008/V16/I4/339

图/表 7

参考文献 16

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位点 Locus	荧光标记 Fluorescent dye	退火温度 Annealing temperature (℃)	所在染色体 Chromosome	位点 Locus	荧光标记 Fluorescent dye	退火温度 Annealing temperature (℃)	所在染色体 Chromosome
S0155	Fam	55	01	SW951	Hex	58	10
SW1828	Fam	60	01	SWR67	Hex	60	10
SWR2516	Hex	60	02	S0392	Fam	58	11
SW1564	Fam	58	02	SW2008	Hex	60	11
S0226	Fam	55	02	SW1377	Tet	60	11
SW72	Fam	58	03	SW66	Fam	62	11
SW902	Fam	55	03	SW168	Hex	62	12
SW717	Tet	58	03	S0090	Fam	55	12
S0227	Hex	55	04	SW452	Hex	60	13
S0301	Fam	55	04	SW1030	Tet	58	13
SW969	Fam	60	04	SW769	Fam	55	13
S0217	Tet	62	04	S0215	Hex	55	13
SW332	Hex	58	05	SW295	Tet	55	14
S0005	Tet	58	05	SW886	Tet	58	14
SW1987	Fam	58	05	SW55	Fam	58	14
IGF1	Fam	58	05	SW1111	Tet	55	15
SW1302	Tet	58	06	SW1945	Tet	58	15
S0228	Tet	55	06	SW936	Fam	58	15
SW2155	Fam	65	07	SW1510	Hex	60	15
SW175	Hex	55	07	SW742	Hex	60	16
SW632	Tet	58	07	SW1897	Fam	62	16
S0101	Hex	60	07	SWR1004	Fam	60	17
SW1816	Tet	60	07	SW24	Tet	58	17
SW1843	Hex	62	08	SWR1120	Fam	62	17
SW790	Hex	62	08	SW2142	Tet	60	17
S0178	Tet	58	08	SW1023	Fam	55	18
SW911	Fam	55	09	SW787	Fam	55	18
SW174	Tet	55	09	SW1682	Tet	58	18
SW1349	Fam	58	09	S0177	Tet	50	18
SW830	Fam	55	10	SW2476	Hex	62	X
SWR136	Tet	58	10	SW1943	Tet	62	X
S0351	Hex	55	10	S0218	Tet	55	X
S0070	Hex	55	10

位点 Locus	荧光标记 Fluorescent dye	退火温度 Annealing temperature (℃)	所在染色体 Chromosome	位点 Locus	荧光标记 Fluorescent dye	退火温度 Annealing temperature (℃)	所在染色体 Chromosome
S0155	Fam	55	01	SW951	Hex	58	10
SW1828	Fam	60	01	SWR67	Hex	60	10
SWR2516	Hex	60	02	S0392	Fam	58	11
SW1564	Fam	58	02	SW2008	Hex	60	11
S0226	Fam	55	02	SW1377	Tet	60	11
SW72	Fam	58	03	SW66	Fam	62	11
SW902	Fam	55	03	SW168	Hex	62	12
SW717	Tet	58	03	S0090	Fam	55	12
S0227	Hex	55	04	SW452	Hex	60	13
S0301	Fam	55	04	SW1030	Tet	58	13
SW969	Fam	60	04	SW769	Fam	55	13
S0217	Tet	62	04	S0215	Hex	55	13
SW332	Hex	58	05	SW295	Tet	55	14
S0005	Tet	58	05	SW886	Tet	58	14
SW1987	Fam	58	05	SW55	Fam	58	14
IGF1	Fam	58	05	SW1111	Tet	55	15
SW1302	Tet	58	06	SW1945	Tet	58	15
S0228	Tet	55	06	SW936	Fam	58	15
SW2155	Fam	65	07	SW1510	Hex	60	15
SW175	Hex	55	07	SW742	Hex	60	16
SW632	Tet	58	07	SW1897	Fam	62	16
S0101	Hex	60	07	SWR1004	Fam	60	17
SW1816	Tet	60	07	SW24	Tet	58	17
SW1843	Hex	62	08	SWR1120	Fam	62	17
SW790	Hex	62	08	SW2142	Tet	60	17
S0178	Tet	58	08	SW1023	Fam	55	18
SW911	Fam	55	09	SW787	Fam	55	18
SW174	Tet	55	09	SW1682	Tet	58	18
SW1349	Fam	58	09	S0177	Tet	50	18
SW830	Fam	55	10	SW2476	Hex	62	X
SWR136	Tet	58	10	SW1943	Tet	62	X
S0351	Hex	55	10	S0218	Tet	55	X
S0070	Hex	55	10

品系 Breed	等位基因数 N_A	有效等位基因数 N_e	期望杂合度 H_e	观察杂合度 H_o	多态信息含量 PIC
金华猪I系 Jinhua line I	8.9	3.5	0.591	0.381	0.558
金华猪II系 Jinhua line II	10.0	2.8	0.549	0.399	0.514
金华猪III系 Jinhua line III	9.7	2.5	0.626	0.442	0.586

品系 Breed	等位基因数 N_A	有效等位基因数 N_e	期望杂合度 H_e	观察杂合度 H_o	多态信息含量 PIC
金华猪I系 Jinhua line I	8.9	3.5	0.591	0.381	0.558
金华猪II系 Jinhua line II	10.0	2.8	0.549	0.399	0.514
金华猪III系 Jinhua line III	9.7	2.5	0.626	0.442	0.586

	金华猪I系 Jinhua I	金华猪II系 Jinhua II	金华猪III系 Jinhua III	二花脸 Erhualian	嘉兴黑 Jiaxing Black	小梅山 Small Meishan	中梅山 Middle Meishan	嵊县花 Shengxianhua
金华猪I系 Jinhua I		0.4325	0.4408	0.3855	0.3410	0.3799	0.4481	0.3057
金华猪II系 Jinhua II	0.3663		1.0777	0.3910	0.3272	0.3722	0.4522	0.2872
金华猪III系 Jinhua III	0.3619	0.1883		0.3656	0.3205	0.3734	0.4499	0.2707
二花脸 Erhualian	0.3934	0.3900	0.4061		0.8075	1.1664	1.4133	0.5166
嘉兴黑 Jiaxing Black	0.4230	0.4331	0.4382	0.2364		0.6684	0.7809	0.3666
小梅山 Small Meishan	0.3969	0.4018	0.4010	0.1765	0.2722		2.1819	0.3388
中梅山 Middle Meishan	0.3581	0.3560	0.3572	0.1503	0.2425	0.1028		0.3076
嵊县花 Shengxianhua	0.4499	0.4654	0.4801	0.3261	0.4319	0.4879	0.5627