气候因子对鸟类遗传多样性与物种分布面积关系的影响

doi:10.17520/biods2025072

生物多样性

气候因子对鸟类遗传多样性与物种分布面积关系的影响

范平^1,2，王欢²，温知新², 宋刚²，雷富民^2*

1. 陕西中医药大学基础医学院，咸阳，712046；2. 中国科学院动物研究所，北京，100101

收稿日期:2025-02-27 修回日期:2025-06-16 接受日期:2025-07-19
通讯作者: 雷富民
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32400417,32270443); 中国科学院动物研究所自主部署项目(2023IOZ0104,2023IOZ0205); 海南国家公园研究院资助项目(KY-24ZK02); 海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2023RDYL01)

Impact of climate factors on the genetic diversity-species area relationship of birds

Ping Fan^1,2, Huan Wang², Zhixin Wen², Gang Song², Fuming Lei^2*

1 College of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046

2 Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101

Received:2025-02-27 Revised:2025-06-16 Accepted:2025-07-19
Contact: Fumin Lei

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探讨遗传多样性与物种分布面积之间的关系及其成因，对于生物多样性保护策略的制定具有举足轻重的意义。遗传多样性蕴含着物种对气候变化的潜在适应能力，而物种分布面积则是气候变化与物种适应能力共同作用的结果。因此，气候因子可能是连接遗传多样性和物种分布面积的关键纽带，对两者之间的关系起到重要的调节作用。为了验证这一假设，本研究以全球鸟类为研究对象，选取细胞色素氧化酶亚基I（COI）基因片段为分子遗传标记，分析了单倍型多样性和核苷酸多样性这两个遗传多样性关键指标，探讨8个气候因子（年均温、年均温范围、年降水、年降水范围、降水季节性、降水季节性范围、温度季节性、温度季节性范围）在单倍型多样性-物种分布面积关系和核苷酸多样性-物种分布面积关系中的作用。研究结果表明，鸟类总体的核苷酸多样性为0.008 ± 0.001（平均值±标准误差），单倍型多样性为0.699 ± 0.011。气候因子对核苷酸多样性与单倍型多样性表征的遗传多样性-物种分布面积关系的影响不同：对于单倍型多样性而言气候因子主要影响物种的分布面积来调节多样性-分布面积关系（df = 6 , X² = 10.77, AIC = 2231.8, BIC = 2270.5）；而对于核苷酸多样性，气候因子可以同时影响物种分布面积和核苷酸多样性来调节多样性-分布面积关系（df = 0, X² = 0, AIC = 2155.0, BIC = 2219.6）。基于上述结果，我们建议在探讨气候变化对遗传多样性的影响时，应综合考虑不同的遗传多样性指标，以便制定更为有效的生物多样性保护策略。

关键词: 气候因子, 鸟类, 遗传多样性-物种分布面积关系, 调节

Abstract

Aims: Understanding the link between genetic diversity and species distribution is crucial for biodiversity conservation. Genetic diversity facilitates species' adaptation to climate change, whereas species distribution area results from the combined effects of climate change and species' adaptive capacity. Under this context, climate factors can be considered a pivotal link between genetic diversity and species distribution area, exerting a regulatory influence on their relationship.

Methods: To assess the above hypothesis, the current study examines the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene fragment in avian species, exploring the influence of 8 climate factors (Annual temperature, Annual temperature range, Annual precipitation, Annual precipitation range, Precipitation seasonality, Precipitation seasonality range, Temperature seasonality, Temperature seasonality range) on the relationships between haplotype diversity and species distribution area, as well as nucleotide diversity and species distribution area. Haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity are utilized as principal indicators of genetic diversity in this analysis.

Results: Results show that indicate that the overall nucleotide diversity of birds is 0.008 ± 0.001(MeanSE), and the haplotype diversity is 0.699 ± 0.011. Additionally, the results reveal that climate factor differentially affect the relationship between genetic diversity and species distribution area. Notably, climate factor predominantly influence the relationship between haplotype diversity and species distribution area indirectly by altering the species' distribution area (df = 6, X² = 10.77, AIC = 2231.8, BIC = 2270.5). In contrast, for nucleotide diversity, the climate factor exert a dual impact, affecting both the species distribution area and nucleotide diversity, thereby mediating the relationship between nucleotide diversity and species distribution area in a more complex manner (df = 0,X² = 0, AIC = 2155.0, BIC = 2219.6).

Conclusion: Our results recommend that multiple genetic diversity indices should be considered when examining the effects of climate change on genetic diversity. Additionally, more targeted biodiversity conservation strategies should be developed to effectively address the challenges posed by future climate change.

Key words: Climatic factors, Birds, Genetic diversity-area relationship, Mediate

范平, 王欢, 温知新, 宋刚, 雷富民. 气候因子对鸟类遗传多样性与物种分布面积关系的影响. 生物多样性, DOI: 10.17520/biods2025072.

Ping Fan, Huan Wang, Zhixin Wen, Gang Song, Fuming Lei. Impact of climate factors on the genetic diversity-species area relationship of birds. Biodiversity Science, DOI: 10.17520/biods2025072.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods2025072

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