关键词: 白颊猕猴, 西藏雅鲁藏布大峡谷国家级自然保护区, MaxEnt模型, 适宜性评价, 气候变化

AbstractAims: The white-cheeked macaque (Macaca leucogenys), a primate species of the genus Macaca, is classified as a Class II National Protected Animal in China. It is a novel mammal species discovered and named by Chinese scholars in the Moutuo area in 2015. The distribution range of Macaca leucogenys is very limited and its population is small. There is a lack of research on the habitat suitability of Macaca leucogenys. Methods: To understand the distribution pattern of Macaca leucogenys, this study used infrared camera deployments and field survey data, combined with canopy height, HII (Human Influence Index), elevation, aspect, slope, and 19 bioclimatic factors. The Maxent model was used to systematically analyze the current habitat distribution and influencing factors for Macaca leucogenys within the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon National Nature Reserve, Tibet. Additionally, we predicted habitat change trends based on the habitat conditions of the region under different future climate scenarios. Results:(1) The MaxEnt models, fitted with the selected climate and topographic factors, had an AUC value of 0.932, indicating that the model prediction results were relatively accurate; (2) the key environmental variables affecting the current distribution of Macaca leucogenys were the precipitation of wettest month (bio13), HII (Human Influence Index), annual temperature range (bio7) and the precipitation of coldest quarter (bio19); (3) under current climate conditions, the majority of high suitability habitats for Macaca leucogenys are located in the experimental area of the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon National Nature Reserve , with some high suitability habitats being located at the Damu core area. Under the SSP1-2.6 climate scenario projected for the 2050s, the suitable habitat of Macaca leucogenys will expand. However, under the SSP3-7.0 climate scenario projected for the 2050s, the suitable habitat of Macaca leucogenys will contract compared to the present climate conditions . Conclusion:This study provides theoretical and foundational data for understanding the current and future distribution of Macaca leucogenys, which is important for implementing effective conservation strategies for this endangered species.

Key words: Macaca leucogenys, Tibet's Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon National Nature Reserve, MaxEnt model, suitability evaluation, Climate change