环境DNA揭示枯水期雅鲁藏布江中游河段原生动物多样性模式与地理分布格局

doi:10.17520/biods.2024486

生物多样性

环境DNA揭示枯水期雅鲁藏布江中游河段原生动物多样性模式与地理分布格局

王陈^1,2,3, 徐佳杰^1,2,3, 安瑞志^1,2,3, 卫佩佩^1,2,3, 吴湘君^1,2,3, 巴桑^1,2,3*

1. 西藏大学麦地卡自治区级湿地生态系统定位观测研究站, 西藏那曲 852000

2. 西藏大学地球第三极碳中和研究中心, 拉萨 850000

3. 西藏大学生态环境学院青藏高原湿地与流域生态系统实验室, 拉萨 850000

收稿日期:2024-11-06 修回日期:2025-02-17 接受日期:2025-06-24
通讯作者: 巴桑

The environmental DNA reveals diversity patterns and geographical distribution of protozoan in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River during the dry season

Chen Wang^1,2,3, Jiajie Xu^1,2,3, Ruizhi An^1,2,3, Peipei Wei^1,2,3, Xiangjun Wu^1,2,3, Sang Ba^1,2,3*

1. Provincial Level of Mitika Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station in Tibet Autonomous Region, Naqu, Tibet 852000, China

2. Center for Carbon Neutrality in the Earth’s Third Pole, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China

3. Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Wetland and Watershed Ecosystem, School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China

Received:2024-11-06 Revised:2025-02-17 Accepted:2025-06-24
Contact: Sang Ba

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 原生动物作为真核微生物的重要组成部分, 在水生态系统中发挥关键作用。雅鲁藏布江是青藏高原重要的河流生态系统, 为探究枯水期雅鲁藏布江中游原生动物的多样性模式与地理分布格局, 我们于2021年枯水期对干流与支流的原生动物群落结构、多样性及其环境响应机制进行了研究。结果显示, 共检测到6,066个扩增子序列变体(amplicon sequence variants, ASVs), 涵盖23门55纲86目114科281属323种。其中干、支流在群落结构上存在显著差异, 物种周转是其β多样性变化的主要驱动因素。距离衰减与环境衰减分析显示, 支流群落对地理和环境变化的响应更为敏感。中性模型与零模型分析表明, 干、支流的群落组装过程均由同质选择主导, 但支流中随机性影响更大。共现网络分析揭示了干、支流群落网络结构的复杂性差异, 支流网络连接强度和信息传递效率更高。环境因子分析表明, 干、支流群落分别受到不同环境因子的显著影响。研究结果为河流生态系统中原生动物群落的空间异质性及环境响应机制提供了重要参考。

关键词: 原生动物, 群落组装, 共现网络, 雅鲁藏布江中游, 西藏

Abstract

Aims: The Yarlung Tsangpo River is a crucial river ecosystem on the Tibetan Plateau, and protozoa, as an essential component of eukaryotic microorganisms, play a key role in aquatic ecosystems. This study aimed to investigate the diversity patterns and geographical distribution of protozoan communities in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Tsangpo River during the dry season, focusing on their community structure, diversity, and environmental response mechanisms in both the mainstem and tributaries.

Method: In the dry season of 2021, we conducted a comprehensive study of protozoan communities in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Tsangpo River. We analyzed community structure, diversity, and environmental drivers using high-throughput sequencing, generating ASVs (amplicon sequence variants). Statistical analyses included distance-decay, environmental-decay, neutral and null models, and co-occurrence network analysis to assess spatial and environmental influences on protozoan assemblages.

Results: A total of 6,066 ASVs were detected, spanning 23 phyla, 55 classes, 86 orders, 114 families, 281 genera, and 323 species. Significant differences in community structure were observed between the mainstem and tributaries, with species turnover identified as the primary driver of β-diversity variations. Distance-decay and environmental-decay analyses revealed that protozoan communities in tributaries were more sensitive to geographical and environmental changes. Neutral and null model analyses indicated that community assembly in both habitats was primarily driven by homogenous selection, though stochastic processes played a greater role in tributaries. Co-occurrence networks showed distinct environmental influences on protozoan communities in the mainstem versus tributaries.

Conclusion: These findings highlight the spatial heterogeneity and environmental response mechanisms of protozoan communities in river ecosystems. The study underscores the importance of tributaries as sensitive indicators of environmental and geographical changes, while emphasizing the dominant role of deterministic processes in community assembly. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of microbial ecology in high-altitude river systems.

Key words: protozoan, community assembly, co-occurrence network, middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River, Tibet

王陈, 徐佳杰, 安瑞志, 卫佩佩, 吴湘君, 巴桑. 环境DNA揭示枯水期雅鲁藏布江中游河段原生动物多样性模式与地理分布格局. 生物多样性, DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024486.

Chen Wang, Jiajie Xu, Ruizhi An, Peipei Wei, Xiangjun Wu, Sang Ba. The environmental DNA reveals diversity patterns and geographical distribution of protozoan in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River during the dry season. Biodiversity Science, DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024486.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2024486

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