生物多样性 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 21314.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021314

所属专题: 昆虫多样性与生态功能

• 生物编目 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于正模标本的中国直翅目分类学发展趋势分析

黄江蓉, 汤嘉欣, 何祝清()   

  1. 华东师范大学生命科学学院, 上海 200241
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-12 接受日期:2021-10-06 出版日期:2022-03-20 发布日期:2022-03-30
  • 通讯作者: 何祝清
  • 作者简介:*E-mail: zqhe@bio.ecnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31801997)

Trend of Chinese Orthoptera taxonomy research based on holotype specimens

Jiangrong Huang, Jiaxin Tang, Zhuqing He()   

  1. School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241
  • Received:2021-08-12 Accepted:2021-10-06 Online:2022-03-20 Published:2022-03-30
  • Contact: Zhuqing He

摘要:

为分析中国直翅目正模标本的物种组成、保存地点、随时间的变化趋势以及其空间分布情况, 本文结合世界直翅目分类数据库、《中国昆虫模式标本名录》以及部分物种命名的原始文献的记载, 对采集自中国境内的直翅目正模标本信息进行了统计。结果表明: (1)采自中国的直翅目正模标本共3,070份, 超过全世界的10%, 分属2亚目11总科20科58亚科594属; (2)具有保存地信息的3,044份标本中, 存放于中国的为2,705份, 涉及中国44个科研院所, 其余标本分散保存于其他15个国家; (3)根据每年描述新种数量的变化情况, 物种的发表过程有停滞期、波动增长期和快速增长期3个阶段, 物种描述数量随年份呈现显著上升趋势; (4)不同省份采集到的正模标本数量存在明显差异, 多集中在山地和丘陵地区。我国直翅目正模标本大部分都保存于我国各高校和科研院所, 目前每年我国直翅目仍有不少新种在发表, 物种数还有很大的上升空间, 建议国家加大对传统分类学的支持和对年轻分类学家的培养。

关键词: 直翅目, 正模标本, 分布

Abstract

Aims We studied following field based on Chinese Orthoptera holotype information: (1) species composition of Orthoptera in China; (2) the preservation of Orthoptera holotype; (3) the regularity of the discovery of new species over time; (4) geographical distribution of holotype specimens.

Methods The information of holotypes is mainly obtained from the Orthoptera Specifications File (OSF), Catalogue of the Insect Type Specimens Deposited in China.

Results (1) There are 3,070 holotype specimens, which is more than 10% of the known species in the world. They belong to 2 suborders, 11 superfamilies, 20 families, 58 subfamilies and 594 genera. (2) 3,044 holotype specimens with specimen preservation sites are deposited in 16 countries in the world. Among them, 2,705 holotype specimens are deposited in China, involving 44 scientific research institutions. (3) According to the variation of the number of new species described each year, the publishing process has three stages: stagnation period, fluctuating growth period and rapid growth period. The number of new species described shows a significant upward trend in recent years. (4) The number of holotype specimens collected from each province is significantly different. The new species of Orthoptera were mainly found in the areas with mountains and hills.

Conclusion The Orthoptera holotype specimens are mostly deposited in Chinese universities and research institutions. At present, many new Orthoptera species have being published every year, and the total number of Chinese Orthoptera species has a lot of room for growth. We suggest that government should increase the support for traditional taxonomy and training of young taxonomists.

Key words: Orthoptera, holotype, distribution