生物多样性 ›› 2017, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (5): 518-530.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2016369

• 研究报告: 植物多样性 • 上一篇    下一篇

新疆准噶尔山楂不同居群的遗传多样性

盛芳1, 陈淑英2, 田嘉1,*(), 李鹏1, 秦雪1, 罗淑萍1, 李疆1,*()   

  1. 1 新疆农业大学, 乌鲁木齐 830052
    2 新疆伊犁州林业科学研究院, 新疆伊宁 835000
  • 收稿日期:2016-12-27 接受日期:2017-03-20 出版日期:2017-05-20 发布日期:2017-06-06
  • 通讯作者: 田嘉,李疆
  • 基金资助:
    基金项目: 国家林业公益性行业科研专项课题(201304701-1)和新疆维吾尔自治区园艺学重点学科基金(2016-10758-3)

Genetic diversity of Crataegus songorica in Xinjiang

Fang Sheng1, Shuying Chen2, Jia Tian1,*(), Peng Li1, Xue Qin1, Shuping Luo1, Jiang Li1,*()   

  1. 1 Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052
    2 Academy of Forestry in Ili, Yining, Xinjiang 835000
  • Received:2016-12-27 Accepted:2017-03-20 Online:2017-05-20 Published:2017-06-06
  • Contact: Tian Jia,Li Jiang

摘要:

为了揭示新疆准噶尔山楂(Crataegus songorica)不同居群的遗传多样性, 为其合理保护与利用提供科学依据, 采用表型性状变异分析和SSR分子标记相结合的方法, 对新疆霍城大西沟准噶尔山楂的5个不同居群的92个个体进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明: (1) 33个表型性状的变异系数在2.96-71.32%之间, 表型性状之间存在着丰富的变异。居群间的平均表型分化系数为13.90%, 而居群内的平均表型分化系数为86.10%, 表明新疆准噶尔山楂居群内的变异是其表型变异的主要来源。(2) 43对SSR引物共检测到739个位点, 物种水平上多态性位点比率为90.53%, Nei’s多样性指数和Shannon多样性指数(I)分别为0.2377和0.3712, 居群内基因多样度(Hs)为0.1635, 总居群基因多样度(Ht)为0.2023, 居群间遗传分化系数(Gst)为0.1916, 基因流(Nm)为2.1116。新疆准噶尔山楂总的遗传多样性水平较高, 居群间遗传分化较小。UPGMA聚类结果显示5个居群形成2个亚类, 不同居群所处的生境的不同是引起居群间差异的主要原因。研究表明, 新疆准噶尔山楂不同居群在表型和分子水平均具有较高的遗传多样性, 居群内的遗传分化较大, 并且分化趋势具有地域性, 因此可以选择就地保护。

关键词: Crataegus songorica, SSR, 表型性状, 遗传变异

Abstract

The aim of this study is to reveal the genetic diversity of different populations of Crataegus songorica and to provide a scientific basis for its protection and sustainable utilization. The experimental materials included 92 samples, which were selected from Daxigou, Huocheng County in Xinjiang and analyzed by combining the analysis of phenotypic trait variation and the SSR marker. Results showed that there was considerable genetic variation in the phenotypic traits of different C. songorica populations, as the variation coefficient varied from 2.96% to 71.32%, and the phenotypic variation was mainly caused by the variation within population, as the mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient was 13.90% among populations and 86.10% within population. A total of 739 loci were detected from five populations by 43 SSR primers, and the polymorphism loci ratio was 90.53% at the species level. Nei’s diversity index, Shannon’s diversity index (I), the gene diversity within population (Hs), the total population genetic diversity (Ht), genetic differentiation coefficient and gene flow were 0.2377, 0.3712, 0.1635, 0.2023, 0.1916 and 2.1116, respectively. Comprehensive analysis suggested that the total genetic diversity of C. songorica was higher in Daxigou, and the genetic differentiation among populations was smaller. The results of UPGMA clustering showed that five populations formed two sub-types, and the differences in different habitats were the main causes of the discrepancy among populations. We conclude that the genetic diversity of C. songorica of different populations was high both at phenotypic and molecular levels in Daxigou, and there was a visible genetic differentiation within population, moreover differentiation trends had regional characteristics. Therefore, in situ conservation is supposed to be an effective method to protect C. songorica.

Key words: Crataegus songorica, SSR, phenotypic traits, genetic diversity