生物多样性 ›› 2017, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (11): 1202-1212.DOI: 10.17520/biods.2016336
李利平1,*(), 安尼瓦尔·买买提2, 努尔巴依·阿布都沙力克3, 努尔佳玛丽·沙尔巴依3, 万华伟4
收稿日期:
2016-11-24
接受日期:
2017-10-23
出版日期:
2017-11-20
发布日期:
2017-11-20
通讯作者:
李利平
基金资助:
Liping Li1,*(), Anwar Mohammat2, Nurbay Abdusalih3, Nurjamal Sarbay3, Huawei Wan4
Received:
2016-11-24
Accepted:
2017-10-23
Online:
2017-11-20
Published:
2017-11-20
Contact:
Li Liping
摘要:
个体大小是植物重要的特征之一, 目前其受环境因子的影响还不十分清楚。基于样地实际调查数据, 我们分析了新疆山地森林乔木和草地草本植物个体大小的特征(统称为乔木和草本, 分别以平均胸径和平均株高表示), 并在物种和区域尺度, 分析了其与分布区特征和植物多样性的关系。研究发现: (1)在物种尺度上, 森林植被中乔木物种的个体大小与其分布区特征正相关, 即分布范围较广的乔木倾向于个体更大; 草地植被中草本植物的特征与此类似; (2)在区域尺度上, 乔木平均个体越大, 区域植物平均分布区越小, 反之亦然; 草本植物的平均个体大小与区域植物分布区特征无显著相关性; (3)在区域尺度上, 森林乔木和草地草本植物的个体大小与植物多样性均呈正相关关系, 即森林乔木和草地草本植物平均个体较大时, 其区域多样性更高。
李利平, 安尼瓦尔·买买提, 努尔巴依·阿布都沙力克, 努尔佳玛丽·沙尔巴依, 万华伟. 新疆山地森林乔木和草地草本植物个体大小分布特征[J]. 生物多样性, 2017, 25(11): 1202-1212.
Liping Li, Anwar Mohammat, Nurbay Abdusalih, Nurjamal Sarbay, Huawei Wan. Plant body size patterns of mountainous trees and grassland herbs in Xinjiang region, China[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2017, 25(11): 1202-1212.
图1 森林乔木物种个体大小与其分布经纬度(物种尺度, a, b)及栅格水平平均个体大小与物种分布经纬度(区域尺度, c, d)的关系。在物种尺度, 取物种分布的经纬度范围的中点作为该物种分布的经纬度; 在区域尺度, 取所有在该栅格中出现的物种的经纬度中点的中值作为栅格的经纬度值。
Fig. 1 Relationship of tree DBH (diameter at breast height, cm) of forests and the plant spatial distributions (latitude and longitude) both in species and regional scale. In the species scale, the plant spatial distribution value is the midpoint of a species geographic range; and in the regional scale, the plant spatial distribution value of a grid cell is the median value of the geographic midpoints of all the plants that appear in it.
图2 草地草本植物个体大小与其分布经纬度(物种尺度, a, b)及栅格水平平均个体大小与物种分布经纬度(区域尺度, c, d)的关系。在物种尺度, 取物种分布的经纬度范围的中点作为该物种分布的经纬度; 在区域尺度, 取所有在该栅格中出现的植物种的经纬度中点的中值作为栅格的经纬度值。
Fig. 2 Relationship of herbaceous plant height (cm) of grasslands and the plant spatial distributions (latitude and longitude) both in species and regional scale. In the species scale, the plant spatial distribution value is the midpoint of a species geographic range; and in the regional scale, the plant spatial distribution value of a grid cell is the median value of the geographic midpoints of all the plants that appear in it.
图3 森林乔木物种个体大小与分布区特征(分布区面积、南北分布幅度、东西分布幅度)的关系(自然对数, a, b, c为物种尺度, d, e, f为区域尺度)
Fig. 3 Relationship of DBH (diameter at breast height, cm) of trees in forests and species range size (range area, extent North-South (extent NS) and extent East-West (extent EW)). Logarithmic scale with a, b, c of species and d, e, f of regional scale.
图4 草地草本植物个体大小与分布区特征(分布区面积、东西分布幅度、南北分布幅度)的关系(自然对数, a, b, c为物种尺度, d, e, f为区域尺度)
Fig. 4 Relationship of height of herbaceous plants (cm) in grasslands and species range size (range area, extent North-South (extent NS) and extent East-West (extent EW)). Logarithmic scale with a, b, c of species scale and d, e, f of regional scale.
[1] | Aarssen LW (2015) Body size and fitness in plants: revisiting the selection consequences of competition. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 17, 236-242. |
[2] | Aarssen LW, Schamp BS, Pither J (2006) Why are there so many small plants? Implications for species coexistence. Journal of Ecology, 94, 569-580. |
[3] | Bergmann C (1847) Über die Verhältnisse der Wärmeökonomie der Thiere zu ihrer Grösse. Göttinger Studien, 3, 595-708. (in German) |
[4] | Bi MJ, Shen MW, Zhou KX, Mao LF, Chen SB, Peng PH (2015) Geographical variance of ladybird morphology and environmental correlates in China. Biodiversity Science, 23, 775-783. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[毕孟杰, 沈梦伟, 周可新, 毛岭峰, 陈圣宾, 彭培好 (2015) 中国瓢虫体型的地理分异及其与环境因子的关系. 生物多样性, 23, 775-783.] | |
[5] | Blackburn TM, Gaston KJ (1996a) Spatial patterns in the body sizes of bird species in the New World. Oikos, 77, 436-446. |
[6] | Blackburn TM, Gaston KJ (1996b) Spatial patterns in the geographic range sizes of bird species in the New World. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 351, 897-912. |
[7] | Blackburn TM, Hawkins BA (2004) Bergmann’s rule and the mammal fauna of northern North America. Ecography, 27, 715-724. |
[8] | Bowers MA, Brown JH (1982) Body size and coexistence in desert rodents: chance or community structure? Ecology, 63, 391-400. |
[9] | Brown JH, Maurer BA (1986) Body size, ecological dominance and Cope’s rule. Nature, 324, 248-250. |
[10] | Díaz S, Kattge J, Cornelissen JH, Wright IJ, Lavorel S, Dray S, Reu B, Kleyer M, Wirth C, Prentice IC (2016) The global spectrum of plant form and function. Nature, 529, 167-171. |
[11] | Dombroskie SL, Aarssen LW (2010) Within-genus size distributions in angiosperms: small is better. Perspectives in Plant Ecology,Evolution and Systematics, 12, 283-293. |
[12] | Editorial Committee of Chinese Physical Geography of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(1985) Chinese Physical Geography (Pandect). Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese) |
[中国科学院中国自然地理编辑委员会(1985) 中国自然地理(总论). 科学出版社, 北京.] | |
[13] | Fang JY, Brown S, Tang YH, Nabuurs GJ, Wang XP, Shen HH (2006) Overestimated biomass carbon pools of the northern mid- and high latitude forests. Climatic Change, 74, 355-368. |
[14] | Fernandez MH, Vrba ES (2005) Body size, biomic specialization and range size of African large mammals. Journal of Biogeography, 32, 1243-1256. |
[15] | State Forestry Administration, P.R.C. (1989)Xinjiang Forest. China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing. (in Chinese) |
[中华人民共和国林业部(1989) 新疆森林. 中国林业出版社, 北京.] | |
[16] | Garcia O (2006) Scale and spatial structure effects on tree size distributions: implications for growth and yield modelling. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 36, 2983-2993. |
[17] | Gaston KJ, Blackburn TM (1996) Range size-body size relationships: evidence of scale dependence. Oikos, 75, 479-485. |
[18] | Juliano SA (1983) Body size, dispersal ability, and range size in North American species of Brachinus (Coleoptera: Carabidae). The Coleopterists Bulletin, 37, 232-238. |
[19] | Kuang XJ, Ge F, Xue FS (2015) Geographical variation in body size and sexual size dimorphism in insects. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 58, 351-360. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[匡先钜, 戈峰, 薛芳森 (2015) 昆虫体型及性体型二型性的地理变异. 昆虫学报, 58, 351-360.] | |
[20] | LaBarbera M (1989) Analyzing body size as a factor in ecology and evolution. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 20, 97-117. |
[21] | Li JF (1991) Climate of Xinjiang. China Meteorological Press, Beijing. (in Chinese) |
[李江风 (1991) 新疆气候. 气象出版社, 北京.] | |
[22] | Li LP (2010) Species Richness Patterns of Vascular Plants, Mammals and Birds and Community Structure of Coniferous Forests in Xinjiang, China. PhD dissertation, Peking University, Beijing. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[李利平 (2010) 新疆动植物丰富度分布格局及山地针叶林群落结构研究. 博士学位论文, 北京大学, 北京.] | |
[23] | Li LP, Jia XH, Yin LK (2017) Vascular plant range size patterns and the relationship with climate and plant richness in Xinjiang region, China. Scientia Sinica Vitae, 47, 314-324. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[李利平, 贾秀红, 尹林克 (2017) 新疆植物分布区特征及其与气候和丰富度的关系. 中国科学: 生命科学, 47, 314-324.] | |
[24] | Li LP, Liu YN, Wang XP, Fang JY, Wang QC, Zhang BG, Xiao PG, Mohammat A, Terwei A (2015) Different effects of regional species pool on plant diversity between forest and grassland biomes in arid northwest China. PLoS ONE, 10, e0131982. |
[25] | Lu QY, Shen ZH (2009) Altitudinal pattern of species range size of vascular plants in Mt. Shennongjia: a test of Rapoport’s rule. Biodiversity Science, 17, 644-651. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[卢绮妍, 沈泽昊 (2009) 神农架海拔梯度上的植物种域分布特征及Rapoport法则检验. 生物多样性, 17, 644-651.] | |
[26] | Madin JS, Lyons SK (2005) Incomplete sampling of geographic ranges weakens or reverses the positive relationship between an animal species’ geographic range size and its body size. Evolutionary Ecology Research, 7, 607-617. |
[27] | Mao LF, Chen SB, Zhang JL, Zhou GS (2016) Altitudinal patterns of maximum plant height on the Tibetan Plateau. Journal of Plant Ecology, doi:10.1093/jpe/rtw128. |
[28] | McGlone MS, Richardson SJ, Jordan GJ (2010) Comparative biogeography of New Zealand trees: species richness, height, leaf traits and range sizes. New Zealand Journal of Ecology, 34, 137-151. |
[29] | Mohammat A (2006) Carbon and Nitrogen Storage of Grassland Ecosystem in Xinjiang. PhD dissertation, Peking University, Beijing. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[安尼瓦尔·买买提 (2006) 新疆草地生态系统碳、氮储量研究. 博士学位论文, 北京大学, 北京.] | |
[30] | Moles AT, Warton DI, Warman L, Swenson NG, Laffan SW, Zanne AE, Pitman A, Hemmings FA, Leishman MR (2009) Global patterns in plant height. Journal of Ecology, 97, 923-932. |
[31] | Olson VA, Davies RG, Orme CDL, Thomas GH, Meiri S, Blackburn TM, Gaston KJ, Owens IPF, Bennett PM (2009) Global biogeography and ecology of body size in birds. Ecology Letters, 12, 249-259. |
[32] | R Core Team (2016) R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. |
[33] | Schamp BS, Aarssen LW (2014) Plant species size and density-dependent effects on growth and survival. Journal of Vegetation Science, 25, 657-667. |
[34] | Schlinkert H, Westphal C, Clough Y, Ludwig M, Kabouw P, Tscharntke T (2015) Feeding damage to plants increases with plant size across 21 Brassicaceae species. Oecologia, 179, 455-466. |
[35] | Shen ZH, Lu QY (2009) The Rapoport’s rule for the geographic patterns of species range size. Biodiversity Science, 17, 560-567. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[沈泽昊, 卢绮妍 (2009) 物种分布区范围地理格局的Rapoport法则. 生物多样性, 17, 560-567.] | |
[36] | Siqueira T, Roque FDO, Trivinho-Strixino S (2008) Species richness, abundance, and body size relationships from a neotropical chironomid assemblage: looking for patterns. Basic and Applied Ecology, 9, 606-612. |
[37] | Stevens GC (1989) The latitudinal gradient in geographical range: how so many species coexist in the tropics. The American Naturalist, 133, 240-256. |
[38] | Thompson K, Gaston KJ, Band SR (1999) Range size, dispersal and niche breadth in the herbaceous flora of central England. Journal of Ecology, 87, 150-155. |
[39] | Tracey AJ, Aarssen LW (2011) Competition and body size in plants: the between-species trade-off for maximum potential versus minimum reproductive threshold size. Journal of Plant Ecology, 4, 115-122. |
[40] | Tracey AJ, Aarssen LW (2014) Revising traditional theory on the link between plant body size and fitness under competition: evidence from old-field vegetation. Ecology and Evolution, 4, 959-967. |
[41] | Tracey AJ, Stephens KA, Schamp BS, Aarssen LW (2016) What does body size mean, from the “plant’s eye view”? Ecology and Evolution, 6, 7344-7351. |
[42] | Wang L, Chen KK, Cui DF, Xu Z, Liao K, Zhao YS, Zhou L (2006) Study on the vegetation and diversity characteristics of Prunus divaricata Form. in western Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang Province. Arid Land Geography, 29, 850-855. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[王磊, 陈考科, 崔大方, 许正, 廖康, 赵永生, 周龙 (2006) 新疆西天山野樱桃李植物群落类型(群系)及物种多样性分析. 干旱区地理, 29, 850-855.] | |
[43] | Wang XH (2006) Phytogeography and Species Diversity of Typical Evergreen Broad-Leaved Forest in China. PhD dissertation, East China Normal University, Shanghai. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[王希华 (2006) 中国典型常绿阔叶林植物地理与物种多样性研究. 博士学位论文, 华东师范大学, 上海.] | |
[44] | Waugh JM, Aarssen LW (2012) Size distributions and dispersions along a 485-year chronosequence for sand dune vegetation. Ecology and Evolution, 2, 719-726. |
[45] | Weiner J, Thomas SC (1986) Size variability and competition in plant monocultures. Oikos, 47, 211-222. |
[46] | White EP, Ernest SKM, Kerkhoff AJ, Enquist BJ (2007) Relationships between body size and abundance in ecology. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 22, 323-330. |
[47] | Willig MR, Patterson BD, Stevens RD (2003) Patterns of range size, richness, and body size in the Chiroptera. In: Bat Ecology (eds Kunz TH, Fenton MB), pp. 580-621.University of Chicago Press,Chicago. |
[48] | Wilson C, Gurevitch J (1995) Plant size and spatial pattern in a natural population of Myosotis micrantha. Journal of Vegetation Science, 6, 847-852. |
[49] | Woodward G, Ebenman B, Emmerson M, Montoya JM, Olesen JM, Valido A, Warren PH (2005) Body size in ecological networks. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 20, 402-409. |
[50] | Wyszomirski T, Weiner J (2009) Variation in local density results in a positive correlation between plant neighbor sizes. The American Naturalist, 173, 705-708. |
[51] | Xu C, Zhang MJ, Liu MS, An SQ, Sheng S (2012) Interspecific effects on plant size inequality: evidence from a temperate savanna community. Plant Ecology, 213, 225-235. |
[52] | Zhang J, Nielsen SE, Mao LF, Chen SB, Svenning JC (2016) Regional and historical factors supplement current climate in shaping global forest canopy height. Journal of Ecology, 104, 469-478. |
[1] | 魏慧玉,陈凯,王备新. 澜沧江流域水生昆虫群落分类多样性和功能多样性海拔格局的空间尺度依赖性[J]. 生物多样性, 2020, 28(4): 504-514. |
[2] | 张全建, 杨彪, 付强, 王磊, 龚旭, 张远彬. 邛崃山系水鹿的冬季食性[J]. 生物多样性, 2020, 28(10): 1192-1201. |
[3] | 李强, 王彬, 邓云, 林露湘, 达佤扎喜, 张志明. 西双版纳热带雨林林窗空间分布格局及其特征数与林窗下植物多样性的相关性[J]. 生物多样性, 2019, 27(3): 273-285. |
[4] | 姬红利, 詹选怀, 张丽, 彭焱松, 周赛霞, 胡菀. 幕阜山脉石松类和蕨类植物多样性及生物地理学特征[J]. 生物多样性, 2019, 27(11): 1251-1259. |
[5] | 张宇, 冯刚. 内蒙古昆虫物种多样性分布格局及其机制[J]. 生物多样性, 2018, 26(7): 701-706. |
[6] | 王娟, 翟雅芯, 张爱勤. 新疆郁金香一居群个体性别7年的动态变化[J]. 生物多样性, 2018, 26(5): 519-526. |
[7] | 刘杰, 罗亚皇, 李德铢, 高连明. 青藏高原及毗邻区植物多样性演化 与维持机制: 进展及展望[J]. 生物多样性, 2017, 25(2): 163-174. |
[8] | 沈泽昊, 张志明, 胡金明, 韩杰, 杨济达, 应凌霄. 西南干旱河谷植物多样性资源的保护与利用[J]. 生物多样性, 2016, 24(4): 475-488. |
[9] | 韩杰, 沈泽昊, 石松林, 彭培好. 雅砻江和大渡河干旱河谷植被物种多样性比较:气候、地形与空间的影响[J]. 生物多样性, 2016, 24(4): 421-430. |
[10] | 皮春燕, 刘艳. 重庆主城区住宅小区苔藓组成与多样性[J]. 生物多样性, 2014, 22(5): 583-588. |
[11] | 黎磊, 陈家宽. 气候变化对野生植物的影响及保护对策[J]. 生物多样性, 2014, 22(5): 549-563. |
[12] | 邱娟, 地里努尔·沙里木, 谭敦炎. 入侵植物黄花刺茄在新疆不同生境中的繁殖特性[J]. 生物多样性, 2013, 21(5): 590-600. |
[13] | 高程, 郭良栋. 外生菌根真菌多样性的分布格局与维持机制研究进展[J]. 生物多样性, 2013, 21(4): 488-498. |
[14] | 陈丽, 董洪进, 彭华. 云南省高等植物多样性与分布状况[J]. 生物多样性, 2013, 21(3): 359-363. |
[15] | 童毅, 简曙光, 陈权, 李玉玲, 邢福武. 中国西沙群岛植物多样性[J]. 生物多样性, 2013, 21(3): 364-374. |
阅读次数 | ||||||
全文 |
|
|||||
摘要 |
|
|||||
备案号:京ICP备16067583号-7
Copyright ©2017 版权所有 《生物多样性》编辑部
地址: 北京香山南辛村20号, 邮编:100093
电话: 86-10-62836137, 62836665 E-mail: biodiversity@ibcas.ac.cn