新疆山地森林乔木和草地草本植物个体大小分布特征

doi:10.17520/biods.2016336

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

个体大小是植物重要的特征之一, 目前其受环境因子的影响还不十分清楚。基于样地实际调查数据, 我们分析了新疆山地森林乔木和草地草本植物个体大小的特征(统称为乔木和草本, 分别以平均胸径和平均株高表示), 并在物种和区域尺度, 分析了其与分布区特征和植物多样性的关系。研究发现: (1)在物种尺度上, 森林植被中乔木物种的个体大小与其分布区特征正相关, 即分布范围较广的乔木倾向于个体更大; 草地植被中草本植物的特征与此类似; (2)在区域尺度上, 乔木平均个体越大, 区域植物平均分布区越小, 反之亦然; 草本植物的平均个体大小与区域植物分布区特征无显著相关性; (3)在区域尺度上, 森林乔木和草地草本植物的个体大小与植物多样性均呈正相关关系, 即森林乔木和草地草本植物平均个体较大时, 其区域多样性更高。

关键词: 植物个体大小, 植物分布区, 物种尺度, 区域尺度, 植物多样性, 新疆

Abstract:

Species body size is an important trait, however, currently the correlations of body size with range size and species richness are still not very clear, especially for plants. With plant distribution and plot investigation data in the Xinjiang region of China, we explored plant body size patterns and tested the relationship between plant body size and range size, both at the species and regional scale. Further, the relationship of plant body size and plant richness was also tested at the regional scale. In this study, tree body size of forests was indicated using the average diameter at breast height (DBH), and the herbaceous plant body size of grasslands was indicated using the average height based on our plot investigation. Regional plant body size was the average value of all measured plants distributed in each grid cell (0.1° × 0.1°). We found that: (1) At the species scale, tree body size was positively correlated with range size characteristics, i.e., trees that spread wider were normally larger in size than those in narrower ranges; herb body size displayed a similar pattern with lower correlation coefficients; (2) At the regional scale, a region with larger average tree body size tended to have lower regional average plant range size and vice versa; the regional herb body size of grasslands did not significantly correlate with the regional average plant range size; (3) At the regional scale, tree body size and herb body size both positively correlated with regional plant richness. We concluded that at the species and regional scale, for different vegetation, the plant body size may have different patterns and correlate differently with range size characteristics.

Key words: plant body size, plant range size, species scale, regional scale, plant richness, Xinjiang

李利平, 安尼瓦尔·买买提, 努尔巴依·阿布都沙力克, 努尔佳玛丽·沙尔巴依, 万华伟. 新疆山地森林乔木和草地草本植物个体大小分布特征[J]. 生物多样性, 2017, 25(11): 1202-1212.

Liping Li, Anwar Mohammat, Nurbay Abdusalih, Nurjamal Sarbay, Huawei Wan. Plant body size patterns of mountainous trees and grassland herbs in Xinjiang region, China[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2017, 25(11): 1202-1212.

图/表 5

图1 森林乔木物种个体大小与其分布经纬度(物种尺度, a, b)及栅格水平平均个体大小与物种分布经纬度(区域尺度, c, d)的关系。在物种尺度, 取物种分布的经纬度范围的中点作为该物种分布的经纬度; 在区域尺度, 取所有在该栅格中出现的物种的经纬度中点的中值作为栅格的经纬度值。

Fig. 1 Relationship of tree DBH (diameter at breast height, cm) of forests and the plant spatial distributions (latitude and longitude) both in species and regional scale. In the species scale, the plant spatial distribution value is the midpoint of a species geographic range; and in the regional scale, the plant spatial distribution value of a grid cell is the median value of the geographic midpoints of all the plants that appear in it.

图2 草地草本植物个体大小与其分布经纬度(物种尺度, a, b)及栅格水平平均个体大小与物种分布经纬度(区域尺度, c, d)的关系。在物种尺度, 取物种分布的经纬度范围的中点作为该物种分布的经纬度; 在区域尺度, 取所有在该栅格中出现的植物种的经纬度中点的中值作为栅格的经纬度值。

Fig. 2 Relationship of herbaceous plant height (cm) of grasslands and the plant spatial distributions (latitude and longitude) both in species and regional scale. In the species scale, the plant spatial distribution value is the midpoint of a species geographic range; and in the regional scale, the plant spatial distribution value of a grid cell is the median value of the geographic midpoints of all the plants that appear in it.

图3 森林乔木物种个体大小与分布区特征(分布区面积、南北分布幅度、东西分布幅度)的关系(自然对数, a, b, c为物种尺度, d, e, f为区域尺度)

Fig. 3 Relationship of DBH (diameter at breast height, cm) of trees in forests and species range size (range area, extent North-South (extent NS) and extent East-West (extent EW)). Logarithmic scale with a, b, c of species and d, e, f of regional scale.

图4 草地草本植物个体大小与分布区特征(分布区面积、东西分布幅度、南北分布幅度)的关系(自然对数, a, b, c为物种尺度, d, e, f为区域尺度)

Fig. 4 Relationship of height of herbaceous plants (cm) in grasslands and species range size (range area, extent North-South (extent NS) and extent East-West (extent EW)). Logarithmic scale with a, b, c of species scale and d, e, f of regional scale.

图5 区域森林乔木和草地草本植物个体大小与物种丰富度的关系(自然对数)

Fig. 5 Relationship of regional plant body size and species richness (with logarithmic scale)

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