生物多样性 ›› 2016, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (7): 811-819. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2016039
所属专题: 全球气候变化下的海洋生物多样性专辑
徐勇1,2,3, 李新正1,3,,A;*(), 王洪法1,3, 张宝琳1,3, 帅莲梅1
收稿日期:
2016-02-04
接受日期:
2016-04-20
出版日期:
2016-07-20
发布日期:
2016-08-04
通讯作者:
李新正
基金资助:
Yong Xu1,2,3, Xinzheng Li1,3,*(), Hongfa Wang1,3, Baolin Zhang1,3, Lianmei Shuai1
Received:
2016-02-04
Accepted:
2016-04-20
Online:
2016-07-20
Published:
2016-08-04
Contact:
Li Xinzheng
摘要:
为了研究长江口丰水季邻近海域大型底栖动物群落特征, 我们根据2012年6、8和10月长江口邻近海域大型底栖动物的调查资料, 应用双因素方差分析(Two-Way ANOVA)、聚类分析(Cluster)、非参数多维标度排序(Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling, NMDS)以及丰度生物量比较曲线(Abundance-Biomass Comparison Curves, ABC Curves)对数据资料进行分析。本研究共记录大型底栖动物181种, 其中多毛类动物82种, 甲壳动物46种, 软体动物31种, 棘皮动物11种, 其他类群11种。大型底栖动物丰度、生物量、种类丰富度和多样性指数月份间差异和空间差异均不显著。均匀度指数月份间差异不显著, 而空间上远海显著高于近海。6、8和10月大型底栖动物在20%的相似性水平上划分为3-4个群聚, 不同站位相似性水平较低。ABC曲线表明远海大型底栖动物群落受扰动的程度小于近海。受人类活动的持续影响, 长江口邻近海域大型底栖动物种类变化剧烈, 空间分布不均匀。
徐勇, 李新正, 王洪法, 张宝琳, 帅莲梅 (2016) 长江口邻近海域丰水季大型底栖动物群落特征. 生物多样性, 24, 811-819. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2016039.
Yong Xu, Xinzheng Li, Hongfa Wang, Baolin Zhang, Lianmei Shuai (2016) Characteristics of a macrozoobenthic community in the sea adjacent to the Yangtze River estuary during the wet season. Biodiversity Science, 24, 811-819. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2016039.
物种 Species | 6月 June | 8月 August | 10月 October |
---|---|---|---|
寡鳃齿吻沙蚕 Nephtys oligobranchia | 0.067 | 0.009 | 0.007 |
奇异稚齿虫 Paraprionospio pinnata | 0.042 | 0.019 | 0.056 |
四齿欧努菲虫 Onuphis tetradentata | 0.035 | 0.030 | 0.022 |
索沙蚕一种 Lumbrineris sp. | 0.017 | - | - |
拟节虫一种 Praxillella sp. | 0.013 | - | 0.007 |
多丝独毛虫 Tharyx multifilis | 0.011 | - | 0.007 |
背蚓虫 Notomastus latericeus | 0.009 | 0.012 | 0.022 |
锥唇吻沙蚕 Glycera onomichiensis | 0.008 | 0.010 | - |
独指虫一种 Aricidea sp. | 0.007 | - | - |
稚齿虫 Prionospio pygmaeus | 0.007 | - | - |
日本倍棘蛇尾 Amphioplus japonicus | - | 0.011 | - |
厚鳃虫 Dasybranchus caducus | - | 0.010 | - |
豆形短眼蟹 Xenophthalmus pinnotheroides | - | 0.009 | - |
长叶索沙蚕 Lumbrineris longifolia | - | 0.008 | 0.036 |
拟特须虫 Paralacydonia paradoxa | - | 0.007 | - |
梨体星虫一种 Apionsoma sp. | - | - | 0.114 |
长吻沙蚕 Glycera chirori | - | - | 0.015 |
岩虫 Marphysa sanguinea | - | - | 0.007 |
表1 长江口邻近海域2012年6-10月大型底栖动物优势度(Y)
Table 1 Dominance (Y) of macrozoobenthos in the sea adjacent to the Yangtze River estuary between June and October, 2012
物种 Species | 6月 June | 8月 August | 10月 October |
---|---|---|---|
寡鳃齿吻沙蚕 Nephtys oligobranchia | 0.067 | 0.009 | 0.007 |
奇异稚齿虫 Paraprionospio pinnata | 0.042 | 0.019 | 0.056 |
四齿欧努菲虫 Onuphis tetradentata | 0.035 | 0.030 | 0.022 |
索沙蚕一种 Lumbrineris sp. | 0.017 | - | - |
拟节虫一种 Praxillella sp. | 0.013 | - | 0.007 |
多丝独毛虫 Tharyx multifilis | 0.011 | - | 0.007 |
背蚓虫 Notomastus latericeus | 0.009 | 0.012 | 0.022 |
锥唇吻沙蚕 Glycera onomichiensis | 0.008 | 0.010 | - |
独指虫一种 Aricidea sp. | 0.007 | - | - |
稚齿虫 Prionospio pygmaeus | 0.007 | - | - |
日本倍棘蛇尾 Amphioplus japonicus | - | 0.011 | - |
厚鳃虫 Dasybranchus caducus | - | 0.010 | - |
豆形短眼蟹 Xenophthalmus pinnotheroides | - | 0.009 | - |
长叶索沙蚕 Lumbrineris longifolia | - | 0.008 | 0.036 |
拟特须虫 Paralacydonia paradoxa | - | 0.007 | - |
梨体星虫一种 Apionsoma sp. | - | - | 0.114 |
长吻沙蚕 Glycera chirori | - | - | 0.015 |
岩虫 Marphysa sanguinea | - | - | 0.007 |
图3 长江口邻近海域2012年6-10月大型底栖动物的丰度(a)和生物量(b)。●表示6月, Å表示8月, ○表示10月。
Fig. 3 The abundance (a) and biomass (b) of macrozoobenthos in the sea adjacent to the Yangtze River estuary between June and October, 2012. ● June; Å August; ○ October.
类群 Group | 6月 June | 8月 August | 10月 October | 平均 Average | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
丰度 Abundance | 生物量 Biomass | 丰度 Abundance | 生物量 Biomass | 丰度 Abundance | 生物量 Biomass | 丰度 Abundance | 生物量 Biomass | ||||
多毛类动物 Polychaeta | 100.0 | 3.9 | 88.8 | 4.7 | 115.7 | 2.8 | 101.6 | 3.8 | |||
甲壳动物 Crustacea | 13.8 | 0.9 | 22.5 | 5.6 | 24.6 | 0.9 | 20.3 | 2.5 | |||
软体动物 Mollusca | 18.1 | 0.5 | 7.9 | 1.1 | 11.1 | 0.3 | 12.4 | 0.6 | |||
棘皮动物 Echinodermata | 3.8 | 0.2 | 5.8 | 0.4 | 9.3 | 1.6 | 6.3 | 0.7 | |||
其他类群 Others | 4.6 | 1.1 | 5.4 | 0.5 | 45.7 | 1.3 | 18.6 | 1.0 | |||
总计 Total | 140.3 | 6.6 | 130.4 | 12.3 | 206.4 | 6.9 | 159.2 | 8.6 |
表2 长江口邻近海域2012年6-10月大型底栖动物主要类群的丰度(ind./m2)和生物量(g/m2)
Table 2 The abundance (ind./m2) and biomass (g/m2) of main macrozoobenthos groups in the sea adjacent to the Yangtze River estuary between June and October, 2012
类群 Group | 6月 June | 8月 August | 10月 October | 平均 Average | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
丰度 Abundance | 生物量 Biomass | 丰度 Abundance | 生物量 Biomass | 丰度 Abundance | 生物量 Biomass | 丰度 Abundance | 生物量 Biomass | ||||
多毛类动物 Polychaeta | 100.0 | 3.9 | 88.8 | 4.7 | 115.7 | 2.8 | 101.6 | 3.8 | |||
甲壳动物 Crustacea | 13.8 | 0.9 | 22.5 | 5.6 | 24.6 | 0.9 | 20.3 | 2.5 | |||
软体动物 Mollusca | 18.1 | 0.5 | 7.9 | 1.1 | 11.1 | 0.3 | 12.4 | 0.6 | |||
棘皮动物 Echinodermata | 3.8 | 0.2 | 5.8 | 0.4 | 9.3 | 1.6 | 6.3 | 0.7 | |||
其他类群 Others | 4.6 | 1.1 | 5.4 | 0.5 | 45.7 | 1.3 | 18.6 | 1.0 | |||
总计 Total | 140.3 | 6.6 | 130.4 | 12.3 | 206.4 | 6.9 | 159.2 | 8.6 |
最大值 Max. | 最小值 Min. | 平均值±标准误 Mean ± SE | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
d | 6月 June | 6.57 | 1.67 | 3.44 ± 0.42 |
8月 August | 5.52 | 1.24 | 3.60 ± 0.37 | |
10月 October | 5.63 | 1.82 | 4.16 ± 0.31 | |
H' | 6月 June | 4.33 | 1.79 | 2.94 ± 0.23 |
8月 August | 4.01 | 1.37 | 3.03 ± 0.22 | |
10月 October | 4.15 | 1.59 | 3.29 ± 0.21 | |
J' | 6月 June | 0.98 | 0.55 | 0.86 ± 0.03 |
8月 August | 1.00 | 0.72 | 0.90 ± 0.02 | |
10月 October | 1.00 | 0.51 | 0.86 ± 0.03 |
表3 长江口邻近海域2012年6-10月大型底栖动物多样性
Table 3 Diversity of macrozoobenthos in the sea adjacent to the Yangtze River estuary between June and October, 2012
最大值 Max. | 最小值 Min. | 平均值±标准误 Mean ± SE | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
d | 6月 June | 6.57 | 1.67 | 3.44 ± 0.42 |
8月 August | 5.52 | 1.24 | 3.60 ± 0.37 | |
10月 October | 5.63 | 1.82 | 4.16 ± 0.31 | |
H' | 6月 June | 4.33 | 1.79 | 2.94 ± 0.23 |
8月 August | 4.01 | 1.37 | 3.03 ± 0.22 | |
10月 October | 4.15 | 1.59 | 3.29 ± 0.21 | |
J' | 6月 June | 0.98 | 0.55 | 0.86 ± 0.03 |
8月 August | 1.00 | 0.72 | 0.90 ± 0.02 | |
10月 October | 1.00 | 0.51 | 0.86 ± 0.03 |
最大值 Max. | 最小值 Min. | 平均值±标准误 Mean ± SE | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
d | 近海 Inshore | 5.71 | 1.24 | 3.52 ± 0.36 |
远海 Offshore | 6.57 | 1.67 | 3.89 ± 0.26 | |
H' | 近海 Inshore | 4.15 | 1.37 | 2.91 ± 0.22 |
远海 Offshore | 4.33 | 1.59 | 3.21 ± 0.15 | |
J' | 近海 Inshore | 1.00 | 0.51 | 0.83 ± 0.03 |
远海 Offshore | 1.00 | 0.69 | 0.90 ± 0.02 |
表4 长江口不同海域大型底栖动物多样性
Table 4 Diversity of macrozoobenthos in the inshore and offshore area off the Yangtze River estuary
最大值 Max. | 最小值 Min. | 平均值±标准误 Mean ± SE | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
d | 近海 Inshore | 5.71 | 1.24 | 3.52 ± 0.36 |
远海 Offshore | 6.57 | 1.67 | 3.89 ± 0.26 | |
H' | 近海 Inshore | 4.15 | 1.37 | 2.91 ± 0.22 |
远海 Offshore | 4.33 | 1.59 | 3.21 ± 0.15 | |
J' | 近海 Inshore | 1.00 | 0.51 | 0.83 ± 0.03 |
远海 Offshore | 1.00 | 0.69 | 0.90 ± 0.02 |
图4 长江口邻近海域大型底栖动物的等级聚类(a, c, e)和非参数多维标度排序(b, d, f)
Fig. 4 Clustering (a, c, e) and Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (b, d, f) of macrozoobenthic community in the sea adjacent to the Yangtze River estuary
图5 长江口邻近海域2012年6-10月大型底栖动物丰度生物量比较曲线
Fig. 5 Abundance-Biomass Comparison Curves of macrozoobenthos between June and October in the sea adjacent to the Yangtze River estuary between June and October, 2012
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