生物多样性 ›› 2011, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (2): 190-196. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.07030
所属专题: 中国的森林生物多样性监测
宋凯1,2, 米湘成1,*(), 贾琪1,3, 任海保1, DanBebber4, 马克平1
收稿日期:
2011-02-22
接受日期:
2011-03-04
出版日期:
2011-03-20
发布日期:
2011-06-01
通讯作者:
米湘成
作者简介:
*E-mail: mixiangcheng@ibcas.ac.cnKai Song1,2, Xiangcheng Mi1,*(), Qi Jia1,3, Haibao Ren1, Dan Bebber4, Keping Ma1
Received:
2011-02-22
Accepted:
2011-03-04
Online:
2011-03-20
Published:
2011-06-01
Contact:
Xiangcheng Mi
Supported by:
摘要:
群落谱系结构包含群落发育的历史信息, 能从新的角度反映群落形成的生态过程。作者在浙江古田山自然保护区亚热带常绿阔叶林中选择了人为干扰强度不同的4种群落类型, 以20 m×20 m为研究尺度探讨了不同干扰程度对群落谱系结构的影响。结果表明, 人工林(类型I)谱系结构发散; 但间伐林(类型II)、自然恢复林(类型III)以及自然老龄林(类型IV)谱系结构聚集, 且以类型II和IV聚集度最高。进一步分析不同径级谱系结构发现, 在中小径级(DBH≤5 cm和5 cm<DBH≤10 cm), 类型II、III、IV群落谱系结构聚集, 而类型I群落谱系结构发散; 但DBH>10 cm时, 除了类型IV, 其他3种群落都是谱系结构发散, 这反映了在恢复早期种子扩散对这些林型群落构建影响较大; 而皆伐后的演替和间伐增加了群落生境异质性, 生境过滤作用增强, 使类型II、III群落中小径级谱系结构表现为聚集; 类型IV群落不同径级谱系结构均表现为聚集, 可能与其稳定的生境过滤作用有关。
宋凯, 米湘成, 贾琪, 任海保, DanBebber, 马克平 (2011) 不同程度人为干扰对古田山森林群落谱系结构的影响. 生物多样性, 19, 190-196. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.07030.
Kai Song, Xiangcheng Mi, Qi Jia, Haibao Ren, Dan Bebber, Keping Ma (2011) Variation in phylogenetic structure of forest communities along a human disturbance gradient in Gutianshan forest, China. Biodiversity Science, 19, 190-196. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.07030.
样地 Plot | 群落类型 Community type | 物种数 Species richness | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
总数 Total | DBH≤5 cm | 5 cm <DBH≤ 10 cm | DBH> 10 cm | ||
1 | I | 81 | 77 | 31 | 22 |
2 | IV | 114 | 96 | 56 | 73 |
3 | II | 100 | 100 | 66 | 25 |
4 | IV | 89 | 83 | 50 | 39 |
5 | III | 105 | 96 | 53 | 43 |
6 | III | 123 | 113 | 68 | 46 |
7 | I | 90 | 86 | 32 | 18 |
8 | II | 95 | 89 | 58 | 25 |
9 | II | 85 | 76 | 53 | 19 |
10 | IV | 118 | 96 | 68 | 72 |
11 | I | 98 | 90 | 40 | 16 |
12 | III | 87 | 80 | 45 | 34 |
表1 12个1 ha样地群落类型及不同径级的物种数
Table 1 Community types and species richness of 12 1-ha plots
样地 Plot | 群落类型 Community type | 物种数 Species richness | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
总数 Total | DBH≤5 cm | 5 cm <DBH≤ 10 cm | DBH> 10 cm | ||
1 | I | 81 | 77 | 31 | 22 |
2 | IV | 114 | 96 | 56 | 73 |
3 | II | 100 | 100 | 66 | 25 |
4 | IV | 89 | 83 | 50 | 39 |
5 | III | 105 | 96 | 53 | 43 |
6 | III | 123 | 113 | 68 | 46 |
7 | I | 90 | 86 | 32 | 18 |
8 | II | 95 | 89 | 58 | 25 |
9 | II | 85 | 76 | 53 | 19 |
10 | IV | 118 | 96 | 68 | 72 |
11 | I | 98 | 90 | 40 | 16 |
12 | III | 87 | 80 | 45 | 34 |
群落类型 Community type | I | II | III |
---|---|---|---|
II | 0.2146 | ||
III | 0.2239 | 0.1910 | |
IV | 0.2920 | 0.2161 | 0.2177 |
表2 不同类型群落间相似性系数(S?rensen指数)
Table 2 The S?rensen index between different community types
群落类型 Community type | I | II | III |
---|---|---|---|
II | 0.2146 | ||
III | 0.2239 | 0.1910 | |
IV | 0.2920 | 0.2161 | 0.2177 |
变异来源 Source | df | SS | s2 | F | Pr>F |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
干扰类型 Disturbance type | 3 | 64.5689 | 21.5230 | 19.09 | <0.0001 |
误差 Error | 296 | 333.7407 | 1.1275 | ||
总变异 Corrected total | 299 | 398.3096 |
表3 不同程度干扰群落净谱系亲缘关系指数NRI的LSD单因素方差分析表
Table 3 LSD’s one-way ANOVA for Net Relatedness Index of communities with different disturbance types
变异来源 Source | df | SS | s2 | F | Pr>F |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
干扰类型 Disturbance type | 3 | 64.5689 | 21.5230 | 19.09 | <0.0001 |
误差 Error | 296 | 333.7407 | 1.1275 | ||
总变异 Corrected total | 299 | 398.3096 |
变异来源 Source | df | SS | S2 | F | Pr>F |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
干扰类型 Disturbance type (DT) | 3 | 210.0901 | 70.03 | 42.76 | <.0001 |
径级结构 DBH | 2 | 489.0633 | 244.5317 | 149.31 | <.0001 |
干扰类型× 径级结构 DT× DBH | 6 | 69.703 | 11.6172 | 7.09 | <.0001 |
误差 Error | 859 | 1406.8081 | 1.6377 | ||
总变异 Corrected total | 870 | 2175.6645 |
表4 不同干扰类型及径级结构的群落净谱系亲缘关系指数NRI方差分析表
Table 4 Two-way ANOVA for Net Relatedness Index of communities with different disturbance types and DBH classes
变异来源 Source | df | SS | S2 | F | Pr>F |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
干扰类型 Disturbance type (DT) | 3 | 210.0901 | 70.03 | 42.76 | <.0001 |
径级结构 DBH | 2 | 489.0633 | 244.5317 | 149.31 | <.0001 |
干扰类型× 径级结构 DT× DBH | 6 | 69.703 | 11.6172 | 7.09 | <.0001 |
误差 Error | 859 | 1406.8081 | 1.6377 | ||
总变异 Corrected total | 870 | 2175.6645 |
图1 不同干扰类型群落内样方的净谱系亲缘关系NRI平均值。 I、II、III、IV, 同表1。
Fig. 1 The mean value of Net Relatedness Index of communities of different human disturbance types. I, II, III, IV, see Table 1. The letters on bars are the results of multiple comparison for different community types.
地形因子 Topographical factor | 海拔 Elevation | 坡向 Aspect | 坡度 Slope | 凹凸度 Convexity |
---|---|---|---|---|
P | 0.3916 | 0.1153 | 0.3711 | 0.043* |
R2 | 0.0025 | 0.0083 | 0.0027 | 0.0137 |
表5 不同地形因子对群落谱系结构净谱系亲缘关系指数NRI的影响
Table 5 Effects of different topographical factors on Net Relatedness Index of communities
地形因子 Topographical factor | 海拔 Elevation | 坡向 Aspect | 坡度 Slope | 凹凸度 Convexity |
---|---|---|---|---|
P | 0.3916 | 0.1153 | 0.3711 | 0.043* |
R2 | 0.0025 | 0.0083 | 0.0027 | 0.0137 |
图2 不同径级范围内, 不同干扰类型群落净谱系亲缘关系NRI平均值。 图中字母为同一径级内不同类型群落间的多重比较结果。I、II、III、IV, 同表1。
Fig. 2 The mean value Net Relatedness Index of communities of different DBH classes. The letters on bars are the results of multiple comparison for different community types for the same DBH class. I, II, III, IV, see Table 1.
图3 I型人工林去除杉木后, 不同干扰类型群落内样方的净谱系亲缘关系NRI平均值。 图中直方图上方字母为方差分析多重比较结果。I、II、III、IV, 同表1。
Fig. 3 The mean value of Net Relatedness Index of communities with different human disturbance after excluding Cunninghamia lanceolata from plantation forest. The letters on bars are the results of multiple comparison for different community types. I, II, III, IV, see Table 1.
[1] | Belsky AJ (1986) Regeneration of artificial disturbance in grasslands of the Serengeti National Park, Tanzania: II. Five years of successional change. Journal of Ecology, 74, 937-952. |
[2] | Brown KA, Gurevitch J (2004) Long-term impacts of logging on forest diversity in Madagascar. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 101, 6045-6049. |
[3] | Buckley DS, Crow TR, Nauertz EA (2003) Influence of skid trails and haul roads on understory plant richness and composition in managed forest landscapes in Upper Michigan, USA. Forest Ecology and Management, 175, 509-520. |
[4] |
Cannon CH, Peart DR, Leighton M (1998) Tree species diversity in commercially logged Bornean rainforest. Science, 281, 1366-1368.
URL PMID |
[5] |
Cavender-Bares J, Ackerly DD, Baum DA, Bazzaz FA (2004) Phylogenetic overdispersion in Floridian oak communities. The American Naturalist, 163, 823-843.
URL PMID |
[6] |
Cavender-Bares J, Adrienne K, Brianna M (2006) Phylogenetic structure of Floridian plant communities depends on taxonomic and spatial scale. Ecology, 87, S109-S122.
URL PMID |
[7] | Chazdon RL (2003) Tropical forest recovery: legacies of human impact and natural disturbances. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 6, 51-71. |
[8] | Collins SL, Barber SC (1985) Effects of disturbance on diversity on mixed grass prairie. Vegetatio, 64, 87-94. |
[9] | Gong GQ (宫贵权), Cheng JM (程积民), Mi XC (米湘成), Chen SW (陈声文), Fang T (方腾) (2007) Habitat association of wood species in the Gutianshan subtropical broad-leaved evergreen forest. Science of Soil and Water Conservation (中国水土保持科学), 5(3), 79-83. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[10] |
Helmus MR, Keller W, Paterson MJ (2009) Communities contain closely related species during ecosystem disturbance. Ecology Letters, 13, 162-174.
URL PMID |
[11] | Huang JX (黄建雄), Zheng FY (郑凤英), Mi XC (米湘成) (2010) Influence of environmental factors on phylogenetic structure at multiple spatial scales in an evergreen broad- leaved forest of China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology (植物生态学报), 34, 309-315. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[12] | Hubbell SP (2001) The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography. Princeton University Press, Princeton. |
[13] |
Kembel SW, Hubbell SP (2006) The phylogenetic structure of a neotropical forest tree community. Ecology, 87, S86-S99.
URL PMID |
[14] | Koleff P, Gaston KJ, Lennon JJ (2003) Measuring beta diversity for presence-absence data. Journal of Animal Ecology, 72, 367-382. |
[15] |
Letcher SG (2009) Phylogenetic structure of angiosperm communities during tropical forest succession. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 277, 97-104.
URL PMID |
[16] | Liu ZM (刘志民), Zhao XY (赵晓英), Liu XM (刘新民) (2002) Relationship between disturbance and vegetation. Acta Prataculturae Sinica (草业学报), 11(4), 1-9. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[17] |
Losos JB (2008) Phylogenetic niche conservatism, phylogenetic signal and the relationship between phylogenetic relatedness and ecological similarity among species. Ecology Letters, 11, 995-1007.
DOI URL PMID |
[18] | Lou LH (楼炉焕), Jin SH (金水虎) (2000) Spermatophyta flora of Gutianshan Nature Reserve in Zhejiang. Journal of Beijing Forestry University (北京林业大学学报), 22(5), 33-39. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[19] | Pickett S TA, White PS (1985) The Ecology of Natural Disturbance and Patch Dynamics. Academic Press, London. |
[20] | R Development Core Team (2009) R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. http://www.R-project.org. (accessed 2010-09) |
[21] |
Swenson NG, Enquist BJ, Pither J, Thompson J, Zimmerman JK (2006) The problem and promise of scale dependence in community phylogenetics. Ecology, 87, 2418-2424.
URL PMID |
[22] |
Swenson NG, Enquist BJ, Thompson J, Zimmerman JK (2007) The influence of spatial and size scale on phylogenetic relatedness in tropical forest communities. Ecology, 88, 1770-1780.
URL PMID |
[23] | Verdu M, Rey PJ, Alcantara JM, Siles G, Valiente-Banuet A (2009) Phylogenetic signatures of facilitation and competition in successional communities. Journal of Ecology, 97, 1171-1180. |
[24] | Webb CO, Ackerly DD, Kembel S (2008a) Phylocom: software for the analysis of phylogenetic community structure and character evolution. Version 4.0. http://phylodiversity.net/ phylocom. (accessed 2010-09) |
[25] | Webb CO, Ackerly DD, McPeek MA, Donoghue MJ (2002) Phylogenies and community ecology. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 33, 475-505. |
[26] | Webb CO, Cannon CH, Davies SJ (2008b) Ecological organization, biogeography, and the phylogenetic structure of tropical forest tree communities. In: Tropical Forest Community Ecology (eds Carson WP, Schnizer SA). Wiley Blackwell, Oxford. |
[27] | Webb CO, Donoghue MJ (2005) Phylomatic: tree assembly for applied phylogenetics. Molecular Ecology Notes, 5, 181-183. |
[28] | Wiens JJ, Graham CH (2005) Niche conservatism: integrating evolution, ecology and conservation biology. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 36, 519-539. |
[29] |
Wikstrom N, Savolainen V, Chase MW (2001) Evolution of the angiosperms: calibrating the family tree. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 268, 2211-2220.
DOI URL PMID |
[30] | Ye LQ (叶林奇) (2000) The relationship between disturbance and biodiversity. Journal of Guizhou University (Natural Science)(贵州大学学报自然科学版), 17(2), 129-134. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[1] | 杨舒涵, 伍一宁, 王贺, 陈磊, 廖蓥飞, 严光, 邹红菲. 松嫩平原异质生境对土壤线虫群落特征的影响[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(1): 23295-. |
[2] | 张多鹏, 刘洋, 李正飞, 葛奕豪, 张君倩, 谢志才. 长江上游支流赤水河流域底栖动物物种多样性与保护对策[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(8): 22674-. |
[3] | 刘彩莲, 许庆, 王林龙, 邢衍阔, 宋稼豪, 林柏岸, 康斌, 刘敏. 闽东近海春秋季游泳动物多样性、密度及群落特征[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(7): 22635-. |
[4] | 朱晓华, 高程, 王聪, 赵鹏. 尿素对土壤细菌与真菌多样性影响的研究进展[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(6): 22636-. |
[5] | 毛莹儿, 周秀梅, 王楠, 李秀秀, 尤育克, 白尚斌. 毛竹扩张对杉木林土壤细菌群落的影响[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(6): 22659-. |
[6] | 陈哲涵, 尹进, 叶吉, 刘冬伟, 毛子昆, 房帅, 蔺菲, 王绪高. 增温对东北温带次生林草本群落季节动态的影响[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(5): 23059-. |
[7] | 张鹤露, 赵美红, 孙世春, 刘晓收. 西藏那曲市高原盐湖自由生活线虫群落多样性与结构特征[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(5): 22533-. |
[8] | 程继铭, 何慧敏, 牛红玉, 张洪茂. 鼠类种内个性差异对种子传播影响的研究进展[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(4): 22446-. |
[9] | 魏庐潞, 徐婷婷, 李媛媛, 艾喆, 马飞. 同质园环境和遗传分化影响锦鸡儿属植物根际土壤固氮菌多样性和群落结构[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(4): 22477-. |
[10] | 林魏巍, 田呈明, 熊典广, 刘伟航, 热依汗古丽·斯地克, 梁英梅. 新疆杨树人工林中蜘蛛群落多样性及其影响因素[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(3): 22493-. |
[11] | 赵雯, 王丹丹, 热依拉·木民, 黄开钏, 刘顺, 崔宝凯. 阿尔山地区兴安落叶松林土壤微生物群落结构[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(2): 22258-. |
[12] | 张伟, 翟东东, 熊飞, 刘红艳, 陈元元, 王莹, 廖传松, 段辛斌, 田辉伍, 邓华堂, 陈大庆. 三峡库区鱼类群落结构和功能多样性[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(2): 22136-. |
[13] | 刘文聪, 田希, 杨涛, 饶杰生, 王晓凤, 钱恒君, 涂梦灵, 单子铭, 欧晓昆, 沈泽昊. 云南鸡足山半湿润常绿阔叶林优势树种的种群结构与更新特征[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(11): 23251-. |
[14] | 杨润明, 中村彰宏. 巢居蚂蚁更倾向于在人造光源附近定居繁殖[J]. 生物多样性, 2022, 30(8): 22067-. |
[15] | 杨清, 张鹏, 安瑞志, 乔楠茜, 达珍, 巴桑. 拉萨河中下游纤毛虫群落时空分布模式及其驱动机制[J]. 生物多样性, 2022, 30(6): 22012-. |
阅读次数 | ||||||
全文 |
|
|||||
摘要 |
|
|||||
备案号:京ICP备16067583号-7
Copyright © 2022 版权所有 《生物多样性》编辑部
地址: 北京香山南辛村20号, 邮编:100093
电话: 010-62836137, 62836665 E-mail: biodiversity@ibcas.ac.cn