大小兴安岭地区红菇属物种多样性及其地理成分

doi:10.17520/biods.2019040

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

红菇属(Russula)真菌广泛分布于世界各地并与多种植物根系共生形成外生菌根, 对于森林生态系统的多样性维持与群落构建具有重要的作用。我国东北大小兴安岭地区是欧亚和美洲北温带地区生物群落交流的关键地区之一, 但该地区有关外生菌根真菌的区系研究较少。本研究对采自大小兴安岭的96份红菇标本进行了形态学鉴定和ITS序列分析, 通过结合世界范围内红菇属代表性物种(146个种)的ITS序列构建了红菇属系统发育图谱。结果表明, 大小兴安岭地区红菇属有46个分类单元, 其中包括37个种和9个未定种。对大小兴安岭地区37种红菇的地理成分分析表明, 北温带分布成分有13种、温带-热带共有成分8种、欧亚成分9种、世界广布成分7种。本研究表明大小兴安岭地区的红菇具有丰富的物种多样性, 而且具有明显的北温带区系特征, 同时也具有一定的区域特殊性。

关键词: 大型真菌, 多样性, 系统发育, 地理成分

Abstract

Russula fungi are widely distributed in the world, form ectomycorrhizae with plants, and play an important role in biodiversity maintenance and community assembly in forest ecosystems. The Greater and Lesser Khinggan Mountains of China are one of main areas in organism spreading from tropic to temperate areas in the biogeographical studies, but there are few studies on ectomycorrhizal fungi from this area. In this study, 96 specimens of Russula collected from the Greater and Lesser Khinggan Mountains were identified by the analysis of ITS sequences and morphological characters. The phylogenetic tree was reconstructed based on ITS sequences of 146 representative Russula species from China and other countries. The results showed that there were 46 taxa of Russula in the Greater and Lesser Khinggan Mountains, including 37 species and nine unidentified taxa. The analysis of geographical components of the 37 Russula species from the Greater and Lesser Khinggan Mountains showed that 13 species were north temperate, eight were temperate-tropical, nine were Eurasian, and seven were cosmopolitan. This study suggests that there are high species diversity of Russula, and their dominant components are clearly north temperate but also with some unique elements.

Key words: macrofungi, diversity, phylogeny, geographic components

曹槟, 李国杰, 赵瑞琳 (2019) 大小兴安岭地区红菇属物种多样性及其地理成分. 生物多样性, 27, 854-866. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019040.

Bin Cao, Guojie Li, Ruilin Zhao (2019) Species diversity and geographic components of Russula from the Greater and Lesser Khinggan Mountains. Biodiversity Science, 27, 854-866. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019040.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2019040

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2019/V27/I8/854

图/表 6

参考文献 37

1	Avis PG, Mclaughlin DJ, Dentinger BC, Reich PB (2003) Long-term increase in nitrogen supply alters above- and below-ground ectomycorrhizal communities and increases the dominance of Russula spp. in a temperate oak savanna. New Phytologist, 160, 239-253.
2	Ba T, Oyongowa, Bau T (2005) Statistics of mycobiota of macrofungi in Gogostai Haan Nature Reserve of Inner Mongolia. Journal of Jilin Agricultural University, 29, 34-42.(in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 巴图, 乌云高娃, 图力古尔 ( 2005) 内蒙古高格斯台罕乌拉自然保护区大型真菌区系调查. 吉林农业大学学报, 29, 34-42.]
3	Bau T, Bao HY, Li Y ( 2014) A revised checklist of poisonous mushrooms in China. Mycosystema, 33, 517-548.(in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 图力古尔, 包海鹰, 李玉 (2014) 中国毒蘑菇名录. 菌物学报, 33, 517-548.]
4	Bazzicalupo AL, Buyck B, Saar I, Vauras J, Carmean D, Berbee ML (2017) Troubles with mycorrhizal mushroom identification where morphological identification lags behind barcode sequence divergence. Taxon, 66, 791-810.
5	Bian LS, Dai YC (2015) Mycota and ecology of polypores in eastern Himalayas. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 35, 1554-1563.(in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 边禄森, 戴玉成 ( 2015) 东喜马拉雅地区多孔菌区系和生态习性. 生态学报, 35, 1554-1563.]
6	Buyck B ( 1989) Révision du Genre Russula Persoon en Afrique Centrale. PhD dissertation, Ghent University, Ghent.
7	Buyck B, Thoen D, Watling R ( 1996) Ectomycorrhizal Fungi of the Guinea-Congo Region. The Royal Society of Edinburgh, Edinburgh.
8	Buyck B, Hofstetter V, Eberhardt U, Verbeken A, Kauff F ( 2008) Walking the thin line between Russula and Lactarius: The dilemma of Russula subsect Ochricompactae. Fungal Diversity, 28, 15-40.
9	Buyck B, Hofstetter V, Verbeken A, Walleyn R ( 2010) Proposal to conserve Lactarius nom. cons. (Basidiomycota) with a conserved type. Taxon, 59, 295-296.
10	Buyck B, Zoller S, Hofstetter V (2018) Walking the thin line… ten years later: The dilemma of above- versus below-ground features to support phylogenies in the Russulaceae (Basidiomycota). Fungal Diversity, 89, 267-292.
11	Cai Q, Tulloss RE, Tang LP, Bau T, Zhang P, Chen ZH, Yang ZL (2014) Multi-locus phylogeny of lethal amanitas: Implications for species diversity and historical biogeography. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 14, 1-16.
12	Chen ZH, Yang ZL, Bau T, Li TH (2016) Poisonous Mushrooms: Recognition and Poisoning Treatment. Science Press, Beijing.(in Chinese)
	[ 陈作红, 杨祝良, 图力古尔, 李泰辉 (2016) 毒蘑菇识别与中毒预防. 科学出版社, 北京.]
13	Cui BK, Yu CJ (2011) Fungal flora and population structure of polypores in the Greater Hinggan Mountains. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 31, 3700-3709.(in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 崔宝凯, 余长军 (2011) 大兴安岭林区多孔菌的区系组成与种群结构. 生态学报, 31, 3700-3709.]
14	Dai YC, Yang ZL ( 2008) A revised checklist of medicinal fungi in China. Mycosystema, 27, 801-824.(in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 戴玉成, 杨祝良 ( 2008) 中国药用真菌名录及部分名称的修订. 菌物学报, 27, 801-824.]
15	Dai YC, Zhou LW, Yang ZL, Wen HA, Bau T, Li TH ( 2010) A revised checklist of edible fungi in China. Mycosystema, 29, 1-21.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [ 戴玉成, 周丽伟, 杨祝良, 文华安, 图力古尔, 李泰辉 ( 2010) 中国食用菌名录. 菌物学报, 29, 1-21.]
16	Eberhardt U (2002) Molecular kinship analyses of the agaricoid Russulaceae: Correspondence with mycorrhizal anatomy and sporocarp features in the genus Russula. Mycological Progress, 1, 201-223.
17	Feng B, Xu J, Wu G, Hosen MI, Zeng NK, Li YC, Bau T, Kost GW, Yang ZL ( 2012) DNA sequence analyses reveal abundant diversity, endemism and evidence for Asian origin of the porcini mushrooms. PLoS ONE, 7, e37567.
18	Han LH, Feng B, Wu G, Halling RE, Buyck B, Yorou NS, Ebika STN, Yang ZL ( 2018) African origin and global distribution patterns: Evidence inferred from phylogenetic and biogeographical analyses of ectomycorrhizal fungal genus Strobilomyces. Journal of Biogeography, 45, 201-212.
19	Hibbett DS, Binder M, Bischoff JF (2007) A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi. Mycological Research, 111, 509-547.
20	Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA (2008) Dictionary of the Fungi, 10th edn. Cromwell Press, Trowbridge.
21	Li GJ (2014) The Taxonomy of Russula in China. PhD dissertation, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.(in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 李国杰 (2014) 中国红菇属的分类研究. 博士学位论文, 中国科学院微生物研究所, 北京.]
22	Li GJ, Li SF, Zhao D, Wen HA ( 2015) Recent research progress of Russula (Russulales, Agaricomycetes): A review. Mycosystema, 34, 821-848.(in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 李国杰, 李赛飞, 赵东, 文华安 ( 2015) 红菇属研究进展. 菌物学报, 34, 821-848.]
23	Liu XL, Bau T, Wang XH ( 2017) Species diversity of Russula from the Greater and Lesser Hinggan Mountains in Northeast China. Mycosystema, 36, 1355-1368.(in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 刘晓亮, 图力古尔, 王向华 ( 2017) 东北大小兴安岭地区的红菇属物种多样性. 菌物学报, 36, 1355-1368.]
24	Looney BP, Ryberg M, Hampe F, Sánchez-García M, Matheny PB ( 2016) Into and out of the tropics: Global diversification patterns in a hyperdiverse clade of ectomycorrhizal fungi. Molecular Ecology, 25, 630-647.
25	Mao XL (2000) The Macrofungi in China. Henan Science and Technology Press, Zhengzhou.(in Chinese)
	[ 卯晓岚 (2000) 中国大型真菌. 河南科学技术出版社, 郑州.]
26	Miller SL, Buyck B (2002) Molecular phylogeny of the genus Russula in Europe with a comparison of modern infrageneric classifications. Mycological Research, 106, 259-276.
27	Sánchez-Ramírez S, Tulloss RE, Amalfi M, Moncalvo J ( 2015) Palaeotropical origins, boreotropical distribution and increased rates of diversification in a clade of edible ectomycorrhizal mushrooms (Amanita section Caesareae). Journal of Biogeography, 42, 351-363.
28	Sarnari M (2005) Monografia illustrate de genere Russula in Europa. Tomo Secondo, AMB, Centro Studi Micologici, Trento.
29	Singer R (1986) The Agaricales in Modern Taxonomy, 4th edn. Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein.
30	Song B, Li TH, Wu XL, Li JJ, Shen YH, Lin QY ( 2007) Known species of Russula from China and their distribution. Journal of Fungal Research, 5, 20-42.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [ 宋斌, 李泰辉, 吴兴亮, 黎静静, 沈亚恒, 林群英 ( 2007) 中国红菇属种类及其分布. 菌物研究, 5, 20-42.]
31	Xie XD, Liu PG, Yu FQ (2010) Species diversity of russuloid mycorrhizae-forming fungi on Pinus yunnanensis seedlings and the mycorrhizal morphology. Acta Botanica Yunnanica, 32, 211-220.(in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 谢雪丹, 刘培贵, 于富强 ( 2010) 云南松幼苗上红菇类菌根真菌的物种多样性及其菌根形态. 云南植物研究, 32, 211-220.]
32	Xu HC (1998) Greater Hinggan Mountains Forests in China. Science Press, Beijing.(in Chinese)
	[ 徐化成 ( 1998) 中国大兴安岭森林. 科学出版社, 北京.]
33	Yang ZL ( 2013) Fungal taxonomy in the genomics era: Opportunities and challenges. Mycosystema, 32, 931-946.(in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 杨祝良 ( 2013) 基因组学时代的真菌分类学: 机遇与挑战. 菌物学报, 32, 931-946.]
34	Ying JZ, Zang M (1994) Economic Macrofungi from Southwestern China. Science Press, Beijing.(in Chinese)
	[ 应建浙, 臧穆 ( 1994) 西南地区大型经济真菌. 科学出版社, 北京.]
35	Yuan K, Cao ZM ( 2008) Primary analysis on polypores flora in Huoditang Forest Farm in Qinling Mountains. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 23, 117-121.(in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 袁坤, 曹支敏 ( 2008) 秦岭火地塘林区多孔菌区系地理成分初步分析. 西北林学院学报, 23, 117-121.]
36	Zhang JW, Ma SY, Qi LL, Li Y ( 2017) Macrofungal flora diversity in Liangshui Nature Reserve, Heilongjiang Province. Journal of Fungal Research, 15, 170-176.(in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 张进武, 马世玉, 祁亮亮, 李玉 ( 2017) 黑龙江凉水自然保护区大型真菌的区系多样性. 菌物研究, 15, 170-176.]
37	Zhao RL, Li GJ, Sánchez-Ramírez S, Stata M, Yang ZL, Wu G, Dai YC, He SH, Cui BK, Zhou JL, Wu F, He MQ, Moncalvo J, Hyde KD ( 2017) A six-gene phylogenetic overview of Basidiomycota, and allied phyla with estimated divergence times of higher taxa and a phyloproteomics perspective. Fungal Diversity, 84, 1-32.

编号 Number	物种 Species	生境 Ecological habitat	本研究标本来源(图1) Specimen sources (Fig. 1)	其他分布地区 Other distribution areas	文献 References	地理成分 Geographical elements
1	尖褶红菇 R. acrifolia	阔叶林 Broadleaf forest	大小兴安岭、四川 GLHM, Sichuan	欧洲 Europe	Sarnari, 2005	欧亚 Eurasian
2	烟色红菇 R. adusta	针叶林 Coniferous forest	大小兴安岭、欧洲 GLHM, Europe	北美洲、大洋洲、非洲 North America, Oceania, Africa	Singer, 1986; Buyck, 1989	世界广布 Cosmopolitan
3	铜绿红菇 R. aeruginea	阔叶林/混交林 Broadleaf/ mixed forest	大小兴安岭、欧洲 GLHM, Europe	北美洲 North America	Singer, 1986; 李国杰, 2014	温带-热带 Temperate- Tropical
4	怡人红菇 R. amoenolens	针叶林 Coniferous forest	大小兴安岭、欧洲 GLHM, Europe	北美洲 North America	Singer, 1986; 刘晓亮等, 2017	北温带 North temperate
5	黑紫红菇 R. atropurpurea	阔叶林/针叶林 Broadleaf/ coniferous forest	大小兴安岭 GLHM	北美洲、大洋洲、非洲、欧洲 North America, Oceania, Africa, Europe	Buyck, 1989; 李国杰, 2014	世界广布 Cosmopolitan
6	暗红红菇 R. atrorubens	针叶林 Coniferous forest	大小兴安岭、西藏 GLHM, Xizang	欧洲 Europe	Sarnari, 2005; 刘晓亮等, 2017	欧亚 Eurasian
7	桦红菇 R. betularum	阔叶林/混交林 Broadleaf/ mixed forest	大小兴安岭、欧洲 GLHM, Europe	北美洲、非洲 North America, Africa	Buyck, 1989; 李国杰, 2014	世界广布 Cosmopolitan

编号 Number	物种 Species	生境 Ecological habitat	本研究标本来源(图1) Specimen sources (Fig. 1)	其他分布地区 Other distribution areas	文献 References	地理成分 Geographical elements
1	尖褶红菇 R. acrifolia	阔叶林 Broadleaf forest	大小兴安岭、四川 GLHM, Sichuan	欧洲 Europe	Sarnari, 2005	欧亚 Eurasian
2	烟色红菇 R. adusta	针叶林 Coniferous forest	大小兴安岭、欧洲 GLHM, Europe	北美洲、大洋洲、非洲 North America, Oceania, Africa	Singer, 1986; Buyck, 1989	世界广布 Cosmopolitan
3	铜绿红菇 R. aeruginea	阔叶林/混交林 Broadleaf/ mixed forest	大小兴安岭、欧洲 GLHM, Europe	北美洲 North America	Singer, 1986; 李国杰, 2014	温带-热带 Temperate- Tropical
4	怡人红菇 R. amoenolens	针叶林 Coniferous forest	大小兴安岭、欧洲 GLHM, Europe	北美洲 North America	Singer, 1986; 刘晓亮等, 2017	北温带 North temperate
5	黑紫红菇 R. atropurpurea	阔叶林/针叶林 Broadleaf/ coniferous forest	大小兴安岭 GLHM	北美洲、大洋洲、非洲、欧洲 North America, Oceania, Africa, Europe	Buyck, 1989; 李国杰, 2014	世界广布 Cosmopolitan
6	暗红红菇 R. atrorubens	针叶林 Coniferous forest	大小兴安岭、西藏 GLHM, Xizang	欧洲 Europe	Sarnari, 2005; 刘晓亮等, 2017	欧亚 Eurasian
7	桦红菇 R. betularum	阔叶林/混交林 Broadleaf/ mixed forest	大小兴安岭、欧洲 GLHM, Europe	北美洲、非洲 North America, Africa	Buyck, 1989; 李国杰, 2014	世界广布 Cosmopolitan

编号 Number	物种 Species	生境 Ecological habitat	本研究标本来源(图1) Specimen sources (Fig. 1)	其他分布地区 Other distribution areas	文献 References	地理成分 Geographical elements
8	解毒红菇 R. consobrina	针叶林 Coniferous forest	大小兴安岭、欧洲 GLHM, Europe	-	-	欧亚 Eurasian
9	铜色红菇 R. cuprea	阔叶林/混交林 Broadleaf/ mixed forest	大小兴安岭、欧洲 GLHM, Europe	-	-	欧亚 Eurasian
10	蓝黄红菇 R. cyanoxantha	阔叶林/混交林 Broadleaf/ mixed forest	大小兴安岭、云南、欧洲 GLHM, Yunnan, Europe	北美洲、大洋洲 North America, Oceania	Singer, 1986; 李国杰, 2014	世界广布 Cosmopolitan
11	褪色红菇 R. decolorans	针叶林/混交林 Coniferous/ mixed forest	大小兴安岭 GLHM	北美洲、欧洲 North America, Europe	Sarnari, 2005; 李国杰, 2014	北温带 North temperate
12	美味红菇 R. delica	针叶林/阔叶林 Broadleaf/ coniferous forest	大小兴安岭 GLHM	北美洲、大洋洲、欧洲 North America, Oceania, Europe	Singer, 1986; 李国杰, 2014	世界广布 Cosmopolitan
13	毒红菇 R. emetica	阔叶林/针叶林 Broadleaf/ coniferous forest	大小兴安岭 GLHM	北美洲、大洋洲、欧洲 North America, Oceania, Europe	Singer, 1986; 李国杰, 2014	世界广布 Cosmopolitan
14	臭红菇 R. foetens	针叶林/混交林 Coniferous/ mixed forest	大小兴安岭、西藏、欧洲 GLHM, Xizang, Europe	北美洲 North America	Singer, 1986; 李国杰, 2014	温带-热带 Temperate- Tropical
15	冯特奎尔氏红菇 R. font-queri	混交林 Mixed forest	大小兴安岭、吉林、欧洲 GLHM, Jilin, Europe	北美洲 North America	Singer, 1986; 李国杰, 2014	北温带 North temperate
16	灰褐红菇 R. gracillima	针叶林/混交林 Coniferous/ mixed forest	大小兴安岭、欧洲 GLHM, Europe	北美洲 North America	Singer, 1986; 李国杰, 2014	北温带 North temperate
17	可爱红菇 R. grata	阔叶林/混交林 Broadleaf/ mixed forest	大小兴安岭、西藏 GLHM, Xizang	北美洲、欧洲 North America, Europe	Sarnari, 2005; 李国杰, 2014	温带-热带 Temperate- Tropical
18	全缘形红菇 R. integriformis	针叶林/混交林 Coniferous/ mixed forest	大小兴安岭、吉林、欧洲 GLHM, Jilin, Europe	-	-	欧亚 Eurasian
19	落叶松红菇 R. laricina	针叶林/混交林 Coniferous/ mixed forest	大小兴安岭、四川 GLHM, Sichuan	欧洲 Europe	Sarnari, 2005	欧亚 Eurasian
20	怡人色红菇 R. lepidicolor	混交林 Mixed forest	大小兴安岭、欧洲 GLHM, Europe	-	-	欧亚 Eurasian
21	黄红菇 R. lutea	阔叶林/针叶林 Broadleaf/ coniferous forest	大小兴安岭 GLHM	北美洲、欧洲 North America, Europe	Singer, 1986; Sarnari, 2005	温带-热带 Temperate- Tropical
22	绒紫红菇 R. mariae	阔叶林 Broadleaf forest	大小兴安岭、北美洲 GLHM, North America	大洋洲 Oceania	Singer, 1986	世界广布 Cosmopolitan
23	髓质红菇 R. medullata	混交林 Mixed forest	大小兴安岭 GLHM	北美洲、欧洲 North America, Europe	Singer, 1986; Sarnari, 2005	北温带 North temperate
24	诺尔亚红菇 R. nuoljae	针叶林 Coniferous forest	大小兴安岭 GLHM	欧洲 Europe	Sarnari, 2005; 刘晓亮等, 2017	欧亚 Eurasian
25	沼泽红菇 R. paludosa	针叶林 Coniferous forest	大小兴安岭、吉林、欧洲 GLHM, Jilin, Europe	北美洲 North America	Singer, 1986; 李国杰, 2014	温带-热带 Temperate- Tropical
26	桃红菇 R. persicina	针叶林 Coniferous forest	大小兴安岭 GLHM	北美洲、欧洲 North America, Europe	Singer, 1986; Sarnari, 2005	北温带 North temperate
27	凯莱红菇 R. queletii	混交林 Mixed forest	大小兴安岭、四川、欧洲 GLHM, Sichuan, Europe	北美洲 North America	李国杰, 2014	北温带 North temperate
28	玫瑰柄红菇 R. roseipes	针叶林 Coniferous forest	大小兴安岭、欧洲 GLHM, Europe	北美洲 North America	Singer, 1986; 李国杰, 2014	北温带 North temperate

编号 Number	物种 Species	生境 Ecological habitat	本研究标本来源(图1) Specimen sources (Fig. 1)	其他分布地区 Other distribution areas	文献 References	地理成分 Geographical elements
8	解毒红菇 R. consobrina	针叶林 Coniferous forest	大小兴安岭、欧洲 GLHM, Europe	-	-	欧亚 Eurasian
9	铜色红菇 R. cuprea	阔叶林/混交林 Broadleaf/ mixed forest	大小兴安岭、欧洲 GLHM, Europe	-	-	欧亚 Eurasian
10	蓝黄红菇 R. cyanoxantha	阔叶林/混交林 Broadleaf/ mixed forest	大小兴安岭、云南、欧洲 GLHM, Yunnan, Europe	北美洲、大洋洲 North America, Oceania	Singer, 1986; 李国杰, 2014	世界广布 Cosmopolitan
11	褪色红菇 R. decolorans	针叶林/混交林 Coniferous/ mixed forest	大小兴安岭 GLHM	北美洲、欧洲 North America, Europe	Sarnari, 2005; 李国杰, 2014	北温带 North temperate
12	美味红菇 R. delica	针叶林/阔叶林 Broadleaf/ coniferous forest	大小兴安岭 GLHM	北美洲、大洋洲、欧洲 North America, Oceania, Europe	Singer, 1986; 李国杰, 2014	世界广布 Cosmopolitan
13	毒红菇 R. emetica	阔叶林/针叶林 Broadleaf/ coniferous forest	大小兴安岭 GLHM	北美洲、大洋洲、欧洲 North America, Oceania, Europe	Singer, 1986; 李国杰, 2014	世界广布 Cosmopolitan
14	臭红菇 R. foetens	针叶林/混交林 Coniferous/ mixed forest	大小兴安岭、西藏、欧洲 GLHM, Xizang, Europe	北美洲 North America	Singer, 1986; 李国杰, 2014	温带-热带 Temperate- Tropical
15	冯特奎尔氏红菇 R. font-queri	混交林 Mixed forest	大小兴安岭、吉林、欧洲 GLHM, Jilin, Europe	北美洲 North America	Singer, 1986; 李国杰, 2014	北温带 North temperate
16	灰褐红菇 R. gracillima	针叶林/混交林 Coniferous/ mixed forest	大小兴安岭、欧洲 GLHM, Europe	北美洲 North America	Singer, 1986; 李国杰, 2014	北温带 North temperate
17	可爱红菇 R. grata	阔叶林/混交林 Broadleaf/ mixed forest	大小兴安岭、西藏 GLHM, Xizang	北美洲、欧洲 North America, Europe	Sarnari, 2005; 李国杰, 2014	温带-热带 Temperate- Tropical
18	全缘形红菇 R. integriformis	针叶林/混交林 Coniferous/ mixed forest	大小兴安岭、吉林、欧洲 GLHM, Jilin, Europe	-	-	欧亚 Eurasian
19	落叶松红菇 R. laricina	针叶林/混交林 Coniferous/ mixed forest	大小兴安岭、四川 GLHM, Sichuan	欧洲 Europe	Sarnari, 2005	欧亚 Eurasian
20	怡人色红菇 R. lepidicolor	混交林 Mixed forest	大小兴安岭、欧洲 GLHM, Europe	-	-	欧亚 Eurasian
21	黄红菇 R. lutea	阔叶林/针叶林 Broadleaf/ coniferous forest	大小兴安岭 GLHM	北美洲、欧洲 North America, Europe	Singer, 1986; Sarnari, 2005	温带-热带 Temperate- Tropical
22	绒紫红菇 R. mariae	阔叶林 Broadleaf forest	大小兴安岭、北美洲 GLHM, North America	大洋洲 Oceania	Singer, 1986	世界广布 Cosmopolitan
23	髓质红菇 R. medullata	混交林 Mixed forest	大小兴安岭 GLHM	北美洲、欧洲 North America, Europe	Singer, 1986; Sarnari, 2005	北温带 North temperate
24	诺尔亚红菇 R. nuoljae	针叶林 Coniferous forest	大小兴安岭 GLHM	欧洲 Europe	Sarnari, 2005; 刘晓亮等, 2017	欧亚 Eurasian
25	沼泽红菇 R. paludosa	针叶林 Coniferous forest	大小兴安岭、吉林、欧洲 GLHM, Jilin, Europe	北美洲 North America	Singer, 1986; 李国杰, 2014	温带-热带 Temperate- Tropical
26	桃红菇 R. persicina	针叶林 Coniferous forest	大小兴安岭 GLHM	北美洲、欧洲 North America, Europe	Singer, 1986; Sarnari, 2005	北温带 North temperate
27	凯莱红菇 R. queletii	混交林 Mixed forest	大小兴安岭、四川、欧洲 GLHM, Sichuan, Europe	北美洲 North America	李国杰, 2014	北温带 North temperate
28	玫瑰柄红菇 R. roseipes	针叶林 Coniferous forest	大小兴安岭、欧洲 GLHM, Europe	北美洲 North America	Singer, 1986; 李国杰, 2014	北温带 North temperate

编号 Number	物种 Species	生境 Ecological habitat	本研究标本来源(图1) Specimen sources (Fig. 1)	其他分布地区 Other distribution areas	文献 References	地理成分 Geographical elements
29	血红菇 R. sanguinea	针叶林/混交林 Coniferous/ mixed forest	大小兴安岭 GLHM	北美洲、欧洲 North America, Europe	Sarnari, 2005; 李国杰, 2014	北温带 North temperate
30	泥炭藓红菇 R. sphagnophila	混交林 Mixed forest	大小兴安岭、四川、欧洲 GLHM, Sichuan, Europe	北美洲 North America	Singer, 1986;	北温带 North temperate
31	亚臭红菇 R. subfoetens	阔叶林 Broadleaf forest	大小兴安岭 GLHM	北美洲、欧洲 North America, Europe	Singer, 1986; Sarnari, 2005	北温带 North temperate
32	细皮囊体红菇 R. velenovskyi	阔叶林 Broadleaf forest	大小兴安岭、西藏、欧洲 GLHM, Xizang, Europe	北美洲 North America	Singer, 1986; 李国杰, 2014	温带-热带 Temperate- Tropical
33	多色红菇 R. versicolor	混交林 Mixed forest	大小兴安岭、四川、欧洲 GLHM, Sichuan, Europe	-	-	欧亚 Eurasian
34	菱红菇 R. vesca	阔叶林/混交林 Broadleaf/ mixed forest	大小兴安岭、欧洲 GLHM, Europe	北美洲 North America	Singer, 1986; 李国杰, 2014	温带-热带 Temperate- Tropical
35	变绿红菇 R. virescens	阔叶林/混交林 Broadleaf/ mixed forest	大小兴安岭、欧洲 GLHM, Europe	北美洲 North America	Singer, 1986; 李国杰, 2014	温带-热带 Temperate- Tropical
36	粘质红菇 R. viscida	针叶林 Coniferous forest	大小兴安岭、吉林 GLHM, Jilin	北美洲、欧洲 North America, Europe	Singer, 1986; 李国杰, 2014	北温带 North temperate
37	黄孢红菇 R. xerampelina	针叶林 Coniferous forest	大小兴安岭、欧洲 GLHM, Europe	北美洲 North America	Singer, 1986; 李国杰, 2014	北温带 North temperate