生物多样性 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (3): 296-302.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019099

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于功能性状的水杉原生母树种群生境适应策略

陈俊,姚兰(),艾训儒,朱江,吴漫玲,黄小,陈思艺,王进,朱强   

  1. 湖北民族大学林学园艺学院, 湖北恩施 445000
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-24 接受日期:2019-05-16 出版日期:2020-03-20 发布日期:2019-09-27
  • 通讯作者: 姚兰
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0503100);“极小种群野生植物种质资源保护技术研究与示范”课题(2016YFC0503102)

Adaptive strategies of functional traits of Metasequoia glyptostroboides parent trees to changing habitats

Jun Chen,Lan Yao(),Xunru Ai,Jiang Zhu,Manling Wu,Xiao Huang,Siyi Chen,Jin Wang,Qiang Zhu   

  1. School of Forestry and Horticulture, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000
  • Received:2019-03-24 Accepted:2019-05-16 Online:2020-03-20 Published:2019-09-27
  • Contact: Lan Yao

摘要:

植物的功能性状变异和表型可塑性是其应对异质生境的主要机制, 对植物的生长和分布有重要贡献。本文以湖北星斗山国家级自然保护区的水杉(Metasequoia glyptostroboides)原生母树为研究对象, 分析了母树种群功能性状对树木形态、地形因子及人为干扰的响应机制。结果表明: 水杉原生母树叶面积、叶干重和比叶面积的变异幅度大, 可塑性较强, 而枝和叶的干物质含量稳定性最高。人为干扰和4个地形因子均对每个功能性状变异方差有5%-20%的解释度, 冠幅对枝、叶干物质含量的变异方差有高达38%和76%的解释度。5个功能性状主要受海拔、坡位和人为干扰影响, 其中, 比叶面积对环境因子和干扰的响应规律不明显, 叶面积和叶干重在强烈人为干扰的环境中普遍增大, 枝和叶的干物质含量对坡向的变化最敏感。总之, 水杉原生母树种群通过功能性状变异对环境能产生一定的可塑性响应, 但人为干扰对母树生长影响较大, 建议人工辅助更新, 并适度减少农业和建筑对现存母树的影响。

关键词: 水杉, 功能性状, 种内变异, 表型可塑性, 适应策略

Abstract

Functional trait variability and phenotypic plasticity are the main mechanisms plants use to respond to heterogeneous habitats. These can determine how well a plant grows and where it is distributed. In the Xingdoushan National Nature Reserve, we assessed the response of the functional traits of a population of Metasequoia glyptostroboides parent trees to tree morphology, terrain factors and human disturbance. We found that the leaf area (LA), leaf dry weight (LDW) and specific leaf area (SLA) had large variation and great plasticity, while leaf dry matter content (LDMC) and twig dry matter content (TDMC) were more stable. Human disturbance and the four terrain factors together explained 5%-20% of variance for each functional trait, and crown size explained 38% and 76% of the variation in TDMC and LDMC, respectively. The five functional traits were mainly affected by altitude, slope aspect and human disturbance. The SLA responded slightly to environmental factors and disturbance pattern, while LA and LDW generally increased with strong disturbance. LDMC and TDMC were most sensitive to change in slope aspect. Taken together, the population of M. glyptostroboides parent trees demonstrated significant plasticity in response to the environment through its variability in functional traits. Because human disturbance had a great influence on the growth of these trees, artificial regeneration is recommended, and the impact of agriculture and human construction needs to be reduced.

Key words: Metasequoia glyptostroboides, functional trait, intraspecific variability, phenotypic plasticity, adaptive strategy