生物多样性 ›› 2011, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (6): 770-778. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.09149
所属专题: 中国的海洋生物多样性
收稿日期:
2011-08-23
接受日期:
2011-12-10
出版日期:
2011-11-20
发布日期:
2011-12-19
通讯作者:
阚金军
作者简介:
*E-mail: jkan@stroudcenter.org基金资助:
Received:
2011-08-23
Accepted:
2011-12-10
Online:
2011-11-20
Published:
2011-12-19
Contact:
Jinjun Kan
Supported by:
摘要:
咸淡水的混合和重要营养盐与有机物的再循环, 使得河口成为地球上生产力较高而动态变化明显的水生生态系统。一个典型的河口区断面中, 细菌群落包含了一些从淡水到海洋的过渡类型: 例如α-变形菌(Alphaproteobacteria)、β-变形菌(Betaproteobacteria)、γ-变形菌(Gammaproteobacteria)、蓝细菌(Cyanobacteria)[聚球藻(Synechococcus)]、拟杆菌(Bacteroidetes)、放线细菌(Actinobacteria)和疣微菌(Verrucomicrobia)等。此外, 河口也包含其独特的细菌群落: SAR11组、玫瑰杆菌属(Roseobacter)、SAR86和放线细菌(Actinobacteria)的一些进化亚枝(subclades), 表明海湾或者大型温带河口区细菌类群具有区域生态适应性。以研究较多的美国切萨皮克湾(Chesapeake Bay)为例, 其细菌群落呈现出显著的季节性变化和周期性的年际变化特征; 这些变化除了受水的滞留时间和细菌生长速度影响外, 还可能受其他许多环境因子的影响。其中叶绿素a和水温变化的影响最大, 其他环境因子如溶解氧、铵态氮、亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐以及病毒的丰度也有影响。近年来, 基于群落水平的基因组学(genomics)和后基因组学(postgenomics)(转录组学和蛋白质组学)技术应用于研究自然条件下微生物群落错综复杂的基因多样性和表达, 提供了揭示水环境中微生物群落组成和新功能基因的途径。
阚金军, 孙军 (2011) 河口细菌群落多样性及其控制因素:以切萨皮克湾为例. 生物多样性, 19, 770-778. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.09149.
Jinjun Kan, Jun Sun (2011) Bacterial community biodiversity in estuaries and its controlling factors: a case study in Chesapeake Bay. Biodiversity Science, 19, 770-778. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.09149.
图1 近年来国际主要河口细菌群落的分子生物学检测。 DGGE: 变性梯度凝胶电泳; FISH: 荧光原位杂交; QPCR: 实时荧光定量核酸扩增检测系统; TRFLP: 末端限制性片段长度多样性; ARISA: 核糖体间隔基因自动分析。(检索时间2011年11月20日)
Fig. 1 The molecular techniques for detection diversity of estuary bacteria communities around the world in 1999-2011. DGGE, Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis; FISH, Fluorescence in situ hybridization; QPCR, Real-time polymerase chain reaction; TRFLP, Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism; ARISA, Automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis. (Searching on November 20th 2011)
图2 切萨皮克湾采样站位。 N, 北部站; M, 中部站; S, 南部站。
Fig. 2 Map of the Chesapeake Bay showing sampling stations. N, M, and S represent north, middle and south Bay stations respectively.
图4 2002-2005年切萨皮克湾中部细菌群落指纹图谱。 红色和蓝色分别表示夏季和冬季。M: 标记
Fig. 4 Fingerprints of Chesapeake Bay bacterial communities during 2002-2005 (middle Bay). Red and blue highlighted the bands appeared in summer and winter, respectively. M, marker.
图5 切萨皮克湾细菌指纹图谱(自图4)的MDS分析
Fig. 5 Multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis by SAS software package (SAS, 1992) of Chesapeake Bay bacterial DGGE fingerprints from Fig. 4
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