生物多样性 ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (4): 439-448. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2018326
谢峰淋1,3,周全2,3,史航2,3,舒枭2,张克荣2,李涛4,冯水园4,张全发2,党海山2,*()
收稿日期:
2018-12-11
接受日期:
2019-02-19
出版日期:
2019-04-20
发布日期:
2019-06-05
通讯作者:
党海山
基金资助:
Xie Fenglin1,3,Zhou Quan2,3,Shi Hang2,3,Shu Xiao2,Zhang Kerong2,Li Tao4,Feng Shuiyuan4,Zhang Quanfa2,Dang Haishan2,*()
Received:
2018-12-11
Accepted:
2019-02-19
Online:
2019-04-20
Published:
2019-06-05
Contact:
Dang Haishan
摘要:
秦岭落叶阔叶林是温带-亚热带过渡区保存较好的植被类型, 群落结构复杂。为了研究该过渡区植被的生物多样性维持机制, 按照CTFS (Center for tropical Forest Science)和中国森林生物多样性监测网络(CForBio)的建设标准, 于2015年在陕西省佛坪国家级自然保护区的落叶阔叶林建立了一块面积25 ha的动态监测样地。本文对样地内胸径(DBH) ≥ 1 cm的所有木本植物进行了调查和统计, 分析了其物种组成、区系特征、径级结构和空间分布格局。结果表明: 样地内DBH ≥ 1 cm的木本植物独立个体有47,739株, 隶属于36科66属119种。温带区系成分的科和属分别占总科数和总属数的41.18%和60.00%, 温带区系特征明显。稀有种有51种, 占总树种的42.86%。落叶树种有106种, 占总树种的89.07%, 在样地内占绝对优势。重要值≥ 1的物种共有20个, 分别占样地总个体数和总胸高断面积的70.35%和57.41%, 重要值最大的物种分别是乔木层的锐齿栎(Quercus aliena var. acutesrrata)、亚乔木层的水榆花楸(Sorbus alnifolia)和灌木层的刺叶栎(Q. spinosa)。样地内所有个体的平均胸径为8.61 cm, 整体径级分布呈倒”J”型, 小径级个体较多, 群落更新良好。除了太白杨(Populus purdomii), 样地内优势种表现出大尺度的聚集分布, 且它们的分布与生境紧密相关, 不同物种表现出不同的生境偏好。
谢峰淋,周全,史航,舒枭,张克荣,李涛,冯水园,张全发,党海山 (2019) 秦岭落叶阔叶林25 ha森林动态监测样地物种组成与群落特征. 生物多样性, 27, 439-448. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2018326.
Xie Fenglin,Zhou Quan,Shi Hang,Shu Xiao,Zhang Kerong,Li Tao,Feng Shuiyuan,Zhang Quanfa,Dang Haishan (2019) Species composition and community characteristics of a 25 ha forest dynamics plot in deciduous broad-leaved forest, Qinling Mountains, north-central China. Biodiversity Science, 27, 439-448. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2018326.
样地 Plot | 面积 Area (ha) | 位置 Locality | 平均海拔 Average altitude (m) | 科的温带/ 热带成分 Temperate/tropical floristic elements of family | 属的温带/ 热带成分 Temperate/tropical floristic elements of genus | 物种数 No. of species | 个体数 No. of individuals | 稀有种数量 No. of rare species (%) | 落叶树种数量 No. of deciduous tree species (%) | 来源 Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
秦岭 Qinling | 25 | 107.84° E, 33.68° N | 1,773.49 | 41.18%/38.24% | 60%/24.62% | 119 | 47,739 | 51 (42.86) | 106 (89.07) | 本研究 This study |
长白山 Changbaishan | 25 | 128.08° E, 42.38° N | 801.5 | - | - | 52 | 38,902 | 18 (34.6) | - | Hao et al, 2008 |
东灵山 Donglingshan | 20 | 115.43° E, 39.96° N | 1,395 | 44.44%/22.22% | 93.75%/3.13% | 58 | 52,136 | 11 (18.97) | 58 (100) | Liu et al, 2011 |
宝天曼 Baotianman | 25 | 111.94° E, 33.49° N | 1,301 | - | - | > 98 | 63,600 | - | - | - |
古田山 Gutianshan | 24 | 118.12° E, 29.25° N | 580.6 | 26.53%/48.98% | 42.31%/50.96% | 159 | 140,700 | 59 (37.1) | 68 (42.8) | Zhu et al, 2008 |
鼎湖山 Dinghushan | 20 | 121.32° E, 23.10° N | 230-247 | - | 6.72%/89.92% | 210 | 71,617 | 110 (52.38) | - | Ye et al, 2008 |
哀牢山 Ailaoshan | 20 | 101.03° E, 24.53° N | 2,550 | - | 38.10%/46.00% | 104 | 44,168 | 49 (47.1) | 23 (22.8) | Wen et al, 2018 |
表1 秦岭25 ha森林动态监测样地与其他6个不同纬度不同植被类型样地特征的比较
Table 1 Comparison of the major characteristics among Qinling 25 ha forest dynamics plot and other six different latitudes and vegetation types plots
样地 Plot | 面积 Area (ha) | 位置 Locality | 平均海拔 Average altitude (m) | 科的温带/ 热带成分 Temperate/tropical floristic elements of family | 属的温带/ 热带成分 Temperate/tropical floristic elements of genus | 物种数 No. of species | 个体数 No. of individuals | 稀有种数量 No. of rare species (%) | 落叶树种数量 No. of deciduous tree species (%) | 来源 Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
秦岭 Qinling | 25 | 107.84° E, 33.68° N | 1,773.49 | 41.18%/38.24% | 60%/24.62% | 119 | 47,739 | 51 (42.86) | 106 (89.07) | 本研究 This study |
长白山 Changbaishan | 25 | 128.08° E, 42.38° N | 801.5 | - | - | 52 | 38,902 | 18 (34.6) | - | Hao et al, 2008 |
东灵山 Donglingshan | 20 | 115.43° E, 39.96° N | 1,395 | 44.44%/22.22% | 93.75%/3.13% | 58 | 52,136 | 11 (18.97) | 58 (100) | Liu et al, 2011 |
宝天曼 Baotianman | 25 | 111.94° E, 33.49° N | 1,301 | - | - | > 98 | 63,600 | - | - | - |
古田山 Gutianshan | 24 | 118.12° E, 29.25° N | 580.6 | 26.53%/48.98% | 42.31%/50.96% | 159 | 140,700 | 59 (37.1) | 68 (42.8) | Zhu et al, 2008 |
鼎湖山 Dinghushan | 20 | 121.32° E, 23.10° N | 230-247 | - | 6.72%/89.92% | 210 | 71,617 | 110 (52.38) | - | Ye et al, 2008 |
哀牢山 Ailaoshan | 20 | 101.03° E, 24.53° N | 2,550 | - | 38.10%/46.00% | 104 | 44,168 | 49 (47.1) | 23 (22.8) | Wen et al, 2018 |
图4 秦岭25 ha森林动态监测样地8个优势种在完全随机模型下的空间分布
Fig. 4 Spatial distribution pattern under complete spatial randomness null model of eight dominant species in Qinling 25 ha forest dynamics plot
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