Abstract: Arthropods play crucial ecological roles in forest ecosystems, including pollination, decomposition, and regulation of community structure. They are a key biological group supporting ecosystem stability and productivity. However, compared with plants and vertebrates, the systematic accumulation of arthropod diversity datasets remains limited, and baseline information at regional scales is particularly scarce. Here, we conducted a comprehensive survey in the typical forest ecosystems of the Xinglong Mountains National Nature Reserve during July–August of 2023 and 2024. Across 27 sampling plots, we collected 20,564 arthropod specimens using three complementary methods: beating sheet, Malaise trap, and pitfall trap. Based on DNA sequencing complemented with morphospecies sorting, a total of 1,060 arthropod species were identified, including 882 insect species in 14 orders, 146 families, and 551 genera, 164 species of arachnid species in 3 orders, 21 families, and 68 genera, and 14 species from other arthropod classes in 4 orders, 5 families, and 8 genera. This dataset systematically compiles a checklist of arthropod species, specimen images, and associated DNA barcodes, providing valuable support for rapid species identification, functional trait measurement, detection of cryptic species, biodiversity conservation, and ecological research.

Key words: passive collecting, DNA barcoding, species checklist, cryptic species, biodiversity