商业界参与生物多样性主流化的进展、路径与建议

doi:10.17520/biods.2022078

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

商业界在生物多样性主流化进程中发挥重要作用。本文概述了商业界对生物多样性的依赖和影响, 回顾了《生物多样性公约》与商业界有关的生物多样性主流化决定。对《2011-2020生物多样性战略计划》中4个主流化目标执行进展的分析表明, 加强商业界参与是对未来生物多样性行动提出更高要求的先决条件之一。文章梳理了4条加强商业界参与的全球路径, 包括提高认识, 引导资金流向, 完善报告体系和建立合作伙伴关系; 归纳出缺乏价值认知, 融资存在挑战, 需要更多技术方法支持和需要能力建设4个挑战。最后提出了促进商业界参与生物多样性主流化进程的建议, 包括加强生物多样性融资, 完善环境绩效体系, 加强科学支撑和建立多方协作机制。

关键词: 生物多样性公约, 生态系统服务, 自然资本, 爱知生物多样性目标

Abstract

Background & Contents: Business play an important role in biodiversity mainstreaming. This paper summarizes the dependence and impact of business on biodiversity, reviewed decisions of the Convention on Biological Diversity that refer to business. The analysis of the implementation progress of the four mainstreaming targets in the 2011‒2020 Biodiversity Strategic Plan shows that strengthening the participation of stakeholders, including enterprises, can be one of the prerequisites for stronger requirements for future biodiversity action. The paper summarizes four global pathways for strengthening business engagement, including awareness raising, guiding financial flow, updating reporting systems and establishing partnerships, and concludes four challenges, lack of awareness on biodiversity value, financial gaps, the need for technical and methodological support, as well as the need for capacity building.

Suggestions: The paper proposes the strategies for strengthening business engagement in biodiversity mainstreaming, including strengthening biodiversity financing, improving environmental performance system, strengthening scientific support and establishing a multi-stakeholder collaboration mechanism.

Key words: the Convention on Biological Diversity, ecosystem services, natural capital, Aichi Biodiversity Targets

徐靖, 王金洲, 李俊生 (2022) 商业界参与生物多样性主流化的进展、路径与建议. 生物多样性, 30, 22078. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022078.

Jing Xu, Jinzhou Wang, Junsheng Li (2022) Progress, pathways and suggestions on business engagement in biodiversity mainstreaming. Biodiversity Science, 30, 22078. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022078.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2022078

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2022/V30/I11/22078

图/表 1

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缔约方大会 The Conference of the Parties	决定号 Decisions	对商业界的指导 Guidance for business
COP10	X/21	● 制定目标, 支持战略计划执行 Setting targets for supporting the implementation of the Strategic Plan ● 监测、评估和报告影响 Monitoring, assessing and reporting the impacts ● 分享经验教训 Sharing lessons learned ● 参与自愿认证 Participating voluntary certification ● 做出承诺, 并追踪履行 Making commitments and tracking their implementation
COP11	XI/7	● 支持战略计划执行 Continue to support the implementation of the Strategic Plan ● 报告主流化进展 Reporting the progress of mainstreaming ● 分析和披露对生物多样性和生态系统服务的依赖和影响 Analyzing and disclosing dependencies and impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services ● 使用保障生物多样性的自愿性标准和认证制度 Using of voluntary standards and certification schemes that safeguarding biodiversity ● 调整投资方向 Redirecting the direction of investment ● 通过倡议加强对话 Enhancing dialogue through initiatives ● 制定生物多样性报告标准 Developing biodiversity reporting standards
COP12	VII/10	● 将生物多样性纳入商业运营计划 Integrating biodiversity into business operations plans ● 将生物多样性和生态系统服务问题纳入商业报告 Integrating biodiversity and ecosystem services into business reporting ● 提高企业和供应链从业人员能力 Improving the capacities of enterprises and supply chain practitioners ● 将生物多样性问题纳入采购政策 Integrating biodiversity issues into procurement policies ● 支持资源调动战略 Supporting resource mobilization

缔约方大会 The Conference of the Parties	决定号 Decisions	对商业界的指导 Guidance for business
COP10	X/21	● 制定目标, 支持战略计划执行 Setting targets for supporting the implementation of the Strategic Plan ● 监测、评估和报告影响 Monitoring, assessing and reporting the impacts ● 分享经验教训 Sharing lessons learned ● 参与自愿认证 Participating voluntary certification ● 做出承诺, 并追踪履行 Making commitments and tracking their implementation
COP11	XI/7	● 支持战略计划执行 Continue to support the implementation of the Strategic Plan ● 报告主流化进展 Reporting the progress of mainstreaming ● 分析和披露对生物多样性和生态系统服务的依赖和影响 Analyzing and disclosing dependencies and impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services ● 使用保障生物多样性的自愿性标准和认证制度 Using of voluntary standards and certification schemes that safeguarding biodiversity ● 调整投资方向 Redirecting the direction of investment ● 通过倡议加强对话 Enhancing dialogue through initiatives ● 制定生物多样性报告标准 Developing biodiversity reporting standards
COP12	VII/10	● 将生物多样性纳入商业运营计划 Integrating biodiversity into business operations plans ● 将生物多样性和生态系统服务问题纳入商业报告 Integrating biodiversity and ecosystem services into business reporting ● 提高企业和供应链从业人员能力 Improving the capacities of enterprises and supply chain practitioners ● 将生物多样性问题纳入采购政策 Integrating biodiversity issues into procurement policies ● 支持资源调动战略 Supporting resource mobilization