都江堰地区繁殖期鸟类多样性

doi:10.17520/biods.2021329

生物多样性 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 21329. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021329

都江堰地区繁殖期鸟类多样性

张尚明玉¹, 何兴成¹, 王燕¹, 王贝爻¹, 何倩芸¹, 张怡田¹, 王彬², 张凯³, 胡力⁴, 尚涛⁴, 朱敏⁵, 吴永杰¹^,^*()

1.四川大学生命科学学院生物资源与生态环境教育部重点实验室, 成都 610065
2.西华师范大学西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室, 四川南充 637002
3.中国科学院动物研究所动物进化与系统学重点实验室, 北京 100101
4.龙溪-虹口国家级自然保护区管理局, 四川都江堰 611830
5.四川省自然保护地工作总站, 成都 610081

收稿日期:2021-08-19 接受日期:2021-11-09 出版日期:2022-03-20 发布日期:2022-01-29
通讯作者: 吴永杰
作者简介:*E-mail: wuyongjie@scu.edu.cn

Diversity of birds in breeding season of Dujiangyan

Shangmingyu Zhang¹, Xingcheng He¹, Yan Wang¹, Beiyao Wang¹, Qianyun He¹, Yitian Zhang¹, Bin Wang², Kai Zhang³, Li Hu⁴, Tao Shang⁴, Min Zhu⁵, Yongjie Wu¹^,^*()

1 Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065
2 Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, Ministry of Education, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637002
3 Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
4 Management Bureau of Longxi-Hongkou National Nature Reserve, Dujiangyan, Sichuan 611830
5 The General Work Station of Protected Area of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610081

Received:2021-08-19 Accepted:2021-11-09 Online:2022-03-20 Published:2022-01-29
Contact: Yongjie Wu

1. 附录1 都江堰地区鸟类名录和垂直分布.pdf(1064KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

都江堰地区位于生物多样性热点地区, 具有丰富的鸟类多样性, 但迄今仍缺乏全面的鸟类物种名录。本研究于2016年5月至2019年8月, 在都江堰地区采用固定样线法开展了鸟类多样性调查, 结合历史文献共记录该地区鸟类17目61科311种。其中留鸟184种(59.2%), 夏候鸟68种(21.9%), 冬候鸟35种(11.3%), 旅鸟24种(7.7%); 繁殖鸟类252种(81.0%); 雀形目鸟类212种(68.2%); 国家I级重点保护鸟类9种(2.9%), 国家II级重点保护鸟类50种(16.1%), 中国特有鸟类15种(4.8%)。研究发现, 常绿-落叶阔叶混交林及灌丛中的鸟类物种最多, 而常绿针叶林和竹林中的鸟类物种最少。都江堰地区鸟类群落丰富度的峰值出现在1,580-1,890 m海拔段, 在1,890-2,200 m海拔段最低, 呈现出单峰分布格局。作为生物多样性热点地区和旅游热点地区, 都江堰今后应避免发展大规模单一的人工经济林, 以更好地维系该地区丰富的鸟类多样性, 并加强对该地区生物多样性的监测、研究和保护。

关键词: 都江堰, 鸟类, 生物多样性, 区系

Abstract

Aims Dujiangyan is located in a regional hotspot of biodiversity, which has significantly high avian diversity. However, a comprehensive list of bird species is still lacking there. Therefore, we conducted fixed-line transects bird surveys in Dujiangyan from May 2016 to August 2019 to map the avian diversity of the region.

Methods Comprehensive surveys have been done to evaluate diversity of breeding birds by using the fixed line transects method. A total of 10 survey lines were set up inside and outside protected areas in the Dujiangyan, covering a wide range of diverse habitats at different altitudes. Based on historical document catalogs, infrared camera data, and data from the China Bird Report (http://www.birdreport.cn/), an updated list of the Dujiangyan was created in this study.

Results Combined with historical documents, a total of 311 species of birds were recorded in Dujiangyan. The birds belong to 17 orders, 61 families which including 184 residents (59.2%), 68 summer visitors (21.9%), 35 winter visitors (11.3%), and 24 passage migrants (7.7%). Breeding birds are 252 species (81.0%) and passerine birds are 212 (68.2%) species. Fifteen species (4.8%) are endemic to China and 9 Class-I (2.9%) and 50 Class-II (16.1%) nationally protected birds were recorded in this region, respectively. Most of the birds were found in the shrubs, evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest habitats, while the evergreen coniferous forest and bamboo forest had fewer. The elevational richness of birds in Dujiangyan displayed a bell-shaped pattern with the highest species richness occurred at mid-elevations (1,580-1,890 m) and the lowest species richness at high elevations (1,890-2,200 m).

Conclusion Dujiangyan is a global biodiversity hotspot, as well as a famous national tourism destination, in order to maintain the high diversity of birds in this area, we should reduce the area of monoculture commercial forests and the control human disturbance from tourism, as well as keep monitoring, studying, and conserving the diversity of birds into the future.

Key words: Dujiangyan, avain, biodiversity, fauna

张尚明玉, 何兴成, 王燕, 王贝爻, 何倩芸, 张怡田, 王彬, 张凯, 胡力, 尚涛, 朱敏, 吴永杰 (2022) 都江堰地区繁殖期鸟类多样性. 生物多样性, 30, 21329. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021329.

Shangmingyu Zhang, Xingcheng He, Yan Wang, Beiyao Wang, Qianyun He, Yitian Zhang, Bin Wang, Kai Zhang, Li Hu, Tao Shang, Min Zhu, Yongjie Wu (2022) Diversity of birds in breeding season of Dujiangyan. Biodiversity Science, 30, 21329. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021329.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2021329

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2022/V30/I3/21329

图/表 8

参考文献 29

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序号 Serial number	生境类型 Habitat types	物种数 No. of species	物种数占比 Percentage (%)	个体数 Individuals
1	常绿-落叶阔叶混交林 Evergreen and deciduous mixed broad-leaved forest	65	46.10	442
2	灌丛 Shrub	59	41.84	533
3	成熟人工林 Mature plantation	56	39.72	374
4	农田 Farmland	45	31.91	472
5	常绿阔叶林 Evergreen broad-leaved forest	44	31.21	316
6	针阔叶混交林 Coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest	44	31.21	263
7	水域 Waters	43	30.50	302
8	落叶阔叶林 Deciduous broad-leaved forest	42	29.79	133
9	居民点 Residential points	33	23.40	289
10	竹林 Bamboo forest	19	13.48	50
11	常绿针叶林 Evergreen coniferous forest	13	9.22	28

序号 Serial number	生境类型 Habitat types	物种数 No. of species	物种数占比 Percentage (%)	个体数 Individuals
1	常绿-落叶阔叶混交林 Evergreen and deciduous mixed broad-leaved forest	65	46.10	442
2	灌丛 Shrub	59	41.84	533
3	成熟人工林 Mature plantation	56	39.72	374
4	农田 Farmland	45	31.91	472
5	常绿阔叶林 Evergreen broad-leaved forest	44	31.21	316
6	针阔叶混交林 Coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest	44	31.21	263
7	水域 Waters	43	30.50	302
8	落叶阔叶林 Deciduous broad-leaved forest	42	29.79	133
9	居民点 Residential points	33	23.40	289
10	竹林 Bamboo forest	19	13.48	50
11	常绿针叶林 Evergreen coniferous forest	13	9.22	28

生境类型 Habitat types	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11
1		33	42	25	33	27	21	25	22	15	11
2	0.36		33	25	25	20	21	19	19	14	8
3	0.53	0.40		24	30	21	20	26	21	13	9
4	0.29	0.32	0.31		24	14	28	18	26	10	6
5	0.43	0.32	0.43	0.37		20	19	23	23	11	10
6	0.33	0.24	0.27	0.19	0.29		10	21	11	12	9
7	0.24	0.26	0.25	0.47	0.28	0.13		11	24	9	5
8	0.30	0.23	0.36	0.26	0.37	0.32	0.15		15	11	10
9	0.29	0.26	0.31	0.50	0.43	0.17	0.46	0.25		10	6
10	0.22	0.22	0.21	0.19	0.21	0.24	0.17	0.22	0.24		5
11	0.16	0.13	0.15	0.12	0.21	0.19	0.10	0.22	0.15	0.19

生境类型 Habitat types	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11
1		33	42	25	33	27	21	25	22	15	11
2	0.36		33	25	25	20	21	19	19	14	8
3	0.53	0.40		24	30	21	20	26	21	13	9
4	0.29	0.32	0.31		24	14	28	18	26	10	6
5	0.43	0.32	0.43	0.37		20	19	23	23	11	10
6	0.33	0.24	0.27	0.19	0.29		10	21	11	12	9
7	0.24	0.26	0.25	0.47	0.28	0.13		11	24	9	5
8	0.30	0.23	0.36	0.26	0.37	0.32	0.15		15	11	10
9	0.29	0.26	0.31	0.50	0.43	0.17	0.46	0.25		10	6
10	0.22	0.22	0.21	0.19	0.21	0.24	0.17	0.22	0.24		5
11	0.16	0.13	0.15	0.12	0.21	0.19	0.10	0.22	0.15	0.19

季节 Season	物种数 No. of species	个体数 Individuals	Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index	Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index
繁殖前期 Early breeding period	85	1,149	3.62	0.51
繁殖期 Breeding period	108	1,793	3.93	0.52
繁殖后期 Late breeding period	57	494	3.44	0.55

都江堰地区繁殖期鸟类多样性

Diversity of birds in breeding season of Dujiangyan

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海拔带 Elevation bands	实际丰富度 Observed richness	非参数估计丰富度Chao 2 Non-parametric estimated richness Chao 2	非参数估计丰富度Jackknife 2 Non-parametric estimated richness Jackknife 2	插值丰富度 Interpolated richness
650-960 m	92	96.37	85.90	92
960-1,270 m	77	81.37	70.90	89
1,270-1,580 m	68	73.37	62.90	69
1,580-1,890 m	110	114.37	103.90	110
1,890-2,200 m	49	53.37	42.90	59

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