生物多样性 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 21329. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021329
张尚明玉1, 何兴成1, 王燕1, 王贝爻1, 何倩芸1, 张怡田1, 王彬2, 张凯3, 胡力4, 尚涛4, 朱敏5, 吴永杰1,*()
收稿日期:
2021-08-19
接受日期:
2021-11-09
出版日期:
2022-04-07
发布日期:
2022-01-29
通讯作者:
吴永杰
作者简介:
*E-mail: wuyongjie@scu.edu.cnShangmingyu Zhang1, Xingcheng He1, Yan Wang1, Beiyao Wang1, Qianyun He1, Yitian Zhang1, Bin Wang2, Kai Zhang3, Li Hu4, Tao Shang4, Min Zhu5, Yongjie Wu1,*()
Received:
2021-08-19
Accepted:
2021-11-09
Online:
2022-04-07
Published:
2022-01-29
Contact:
Yongjie Wu
摘要:
都江堰地区位于生物多样性热点地区, 具有丰富的鸟类多样性, 但迄今仍缺乏全面的鸟类物种名录。本研究于2016年5月至2019年8月, 在都江堰地区采用固定样线法开展了鸟类多样性调查, 结合历史文献共记录该地区鸟类17目61科311种。其中留鸟184种(59.2%), 夏候鸟68种(21.9%), 冬候鸟35种(11.3%), 旅鸟24种(7.7%); 繁殖鸟类252种(81.0%); 雀形目鸟类212种(68.2%); 国家I级重点保护鸟类9种(2.9%), 国家II级重点保护鸟类50种(16.1%), 中国特有鸟类15种(4.8%)。研究发现, 常绿-落叶阔叶混交林及灌丛中的鸟类物种最多, 而常绿针叶林和竹林中的鸟类物种最少。都江堰地区鸟类群落丰富度的峰值出现在1,580-1,890 m海拔段, 在1,890-2,200 m海拔段最低, 呈现出单峰分布格局。作为生物多样性热点地区和旅游热点地区, 都江堰今后应避免发展大规模单一的人工经济林, 以更好地维系该地区丰富的鸟类多样性, 并加强对该地区生物多样性的监测、研究和保护。
张尚明玉, 何兴成, 王燕, 王贝爻, 何倩芸, 张怡田, 王彬, 张凯, 胡力, 尚涛, 朱敏, 吴永杰 (2022) 都江堰地区繁殖期鸟类多样性. 生物多样性, 30, 21329. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021329.
Shangmingyu Zhang, Xingcheng He, Yan Wang, Beiyao Wang, Qianyun He, Yitian Zhang, Bin Wang, Kai Zhang, Li Hu, Tao Shang, Min Zhu, Yongjie Wu (2022) Diversity of birds in breeding season of Dujiangyan. Biodiversity Science, 30, 21329. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021329.
序号 Serial number | 生境类型 Habitat types | 物种数 No. of species | 物种数占比 Percentage (%) | 个体数 Individuals |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 常绿-落叶阔叶混交林 Evergreen and deciduous mixed broad-leaved forest | 65 | 46.10 | 442 |
2 | 灌丛 Shrub | 59 | 41.84 | 533 |
3 | 成熟人工林 Mature plantation | 56 | 39.72 | 374 |
4 | 农田 Farmland | 45 | 31.91 | 472 |
5 | 常绿阔叶林 Evergreen broad-leaved forest | 44 | 31.21 | 316 |
6 | 针阔叶混交林 Coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest | 44 | 31.21 | 263 |
7 | 水域 Waters | 43 | 30.50 | 302 |
8 | 落叶阔叶林 Deciduous broad-leaved forest | 42 | 29.79 | 133 |
9 | 居民点 Residential points | 33 | 23.40 | 289 |
10 | 竹林 Bamboo forest | 19 | 13.48 | 50 |
11 | 常绿针叶林 Evergreen coniferous forest | 13 | 9.22 | 28 |
表1 都江堰地区各生境鸟类的物种数及占所有鸟类的比例
Table 1 Number of species and the proportion in each habitat at Dujiangyan
序号 Serial number | 生境类型 Habitat types | 物种数 No. of species | 物种数占比 Percentage (%) | 个体数 Individuals |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 常绿-落叶阔叶混交林 Evergreen and deciduous mixed broad-leaved forest | 65 | 46.10 | 442 |
2 | 灌丛 Shrub | 59 | 41.84 | 533 |
3 | 成熟人工林 Mature plantation | 56 | 39.72 | 374 |
4 | 农田 Farmland | 45 | 31.91 | 472 |
5 | 常绿阔叶林 Evergreen broad-leaved forest | 44 | 31.21 | 316 |
6 | 针阔叶混交林 Coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest | 44 | 31.21 | 263 |
7 | 水域 Waters | 43 | 30.50 | 302 |
8 | 落叶阔叶林 Deciduous broad-leaved forest | 42 | 29.79 | 133 |
9 | 居民点 Residential points | 33 | 23.40 | 289 |
10 | 竹林 Bamboo forest | 19 | 13.48 | 50 |
11 | 常绿针叶林 Evergreen coniferous forest | 13 | 9.22 | 28 |
生境类型 Habitat types | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 33 | 42 | 25 | 33 | 27 | 21 | 25 | 22 | 15 | 11 | |
2 | 0.36 | 33 | 25 | 25 | 20 | 21 | 19 | 19 | 14 | 8 | |
3 | 0.53 | 0.40 | 24 | 30 | 21 | 20 | 26 | 21 | 13 | 9 | |
4 | 0.29 | 0.32 | 0.31 | 24 | 14 | 28 | 18 | 26 | 10 | 6 | |
5 | 0.43 | 0.32 | 0.43 | 0.37 | 20 | 19 | 23 | 23 | 11 | 10 | |
6 | 0.33 | 0.24 | 0.27 | 0.19 | 0.29 | 10 | 21 | 11 | 12 | 9 | |
7 | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.25 | 0.47 | 0.28 | 0.13 | 11 | 24 | 9 | 5 | |
8 | 0.30 | 0.23 | 0.36 | 0.26 | 0.37 | 0.32 | 0.15 | 15 | 11 | 10 | |
9 | 0.29 | 0.26 | 0.31 | 0.50 | 0.43 | 0.17 | 0.46 | 0.25 | 10 | 6 | |
10 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.21 | 0.19 | 0.21 | 0.24 | 0.17 | 0.22 | 0.24 | 5 | |
11 | 0.16 | 0.13 | 0.15 | 0.12 | 0.21 | 0.19 | 0.10 | 0.22 | 0.15 | 0.19 |
表2 都江堰地区不同生境鸟类群落的相似性指数(对角线下)和共同鸟种数(对角线上)
Table 2 Jaccard similarity index (below the diagonal) and the number of common species (above the diagonal) of different habitats in Dujiangyan
生境类型 Habitat types | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 33 | 42 | 25 | 33 | 27 | 21 | 25 | 22 | 15 | 11 | |
2 | 0.36 | 33 | 25 | 25 | 20 | 21 | 19 | 19 | 14 | 8 | |
3 | 0.53 | 0.40 | 24 | 30 | 21 | 20 | 26 | 21 | 13 | 9 | |
4 | 0.29 | 0.32 | 0.31 | 24 | 14 | 28 | 18 | 26 | 10 | 6 | |
5 | 0.43 | 0.32 | 0.43 | 0.37 | 20 | 19 | 23 | 23 | 11 | 10 | |
6 | 0.33 | 0.24 | 0.27 | 0.19 | 0.29 | 10 | 21 | 11 | 12 | 9 | |
7 | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.25 | 0.47 | 0.28 | 0.13 | 11 | 24 | 9 | 5 | |
8 | 0.30 | 0.23 | 0.36 | 0.26 | 0.37 | 0.32 | 0.15 | 15 | 11 | 10 | |
9 | 0.29 | 0.26 | 0.31 | 0.50 | 0.43 | 0.17 | 0.46 | 0.25 | 10 | 6 | |
10 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.21 | 0.19 | 0.21 | 0.24 | 0.17 | 0.22 | 0.24 | 5 | |
11 | 0.16 | 0.13 | 0.15 | 0.12 | 0.21 | 0.19 | 0.10 | 0.22 | 0.15 | 0.19 |
季节 Season | 物种数 No. of species | 个体数 Individuals | Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index | Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index |
---|---|---|---|---|
繁殖前期 Early breeding period | 85 | 1,149 | 3.62 | 0.51 |
繁殖期 Breeding period | 108 | 1,793 | 3.93 | 0.52 |
繁殖后期 Late breeding period | 57 | 494 | 3.44 | 0.55 |
表3 都江堰地区不同季节鸟类群落多样性指数
Table 3 Bird community structure index of different seasons in Dujiangyan
季节 Season | 物种数 No. of species | 个体数 Individuals | Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index | Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index |
---|---|---|---|---|
繁殖前期 Early breeding period | 85 | 1,149 | 3.62 | 0.51 |
繁殖期 Breeding period | 108 | 1,793 | 3.93 | 0.52 |
繁殖后期 Late breeding period | 57 | 494 | 3.44 | 0.55 |
海拔带 Elevation bands | 实际丰富度 Observed richness | 非参数估计丰富度Chao 2 Non-parametric estimated richness Chao 2 | 非参数估计丰富度Jackknife 2 Non-parametric estimated richness Jackknife 2 | 插值丰富度 Interpolated richness |
---|---|---|---|---|
650-960 m | 92 | 96.37 | 85.90 | 92 |
960-1,270 m | 77 | 81.37 | 70.90 | 89 |
1,270-1,580 m | 68 | 73.37 | 62.90 | 69 |
1,580-1,890 m | 110 | 114.37 | 103.90 | 110 |
1,890-2,200 m | 49 | 53.37 | 42.90 | 59 |
表4 各海拔段实际物种丰富度、非参数估计丰富度和插值物种丰富度
Table 4 Observed, non-parametric estimated and interpolated species richness in each sampling band
海拔带 Elevation bands | 实际丰富度 Observed richness | 非参数估计丰富度Chao 2 Non-parametric estimated richness Chao 2 | 非参数估计丰富度Jackknife 2 Non-parametric estimated richness Jackknife 2 | 插值丰富度 Interpolated richness |
---|---|---|---|---|
650-960 m | 92 | 96.37 | 85.90 | 92 |
960-1,270 m | 77 | 81.37 | 70.90 | 89 |
1,270-1,580 m | 68 | 73.37 | 62.90 | 69 |
1,580-1,890 m | 110 | 114.37 | 103.90 | 110 |
1,890-2,200 m | 49 | 53.37 | 42.90 | 59 |
[1] |
Bart J (2005) Monitoring the abundance of bird populations. The Auk, 122, 15-25.
DOI URL |
[2] | Cai WF, Luo JL, Su LQ, Zhang SX, Li SQ (2019) Community diversity characteristics of small mammals in plage natural focus of Jianchuan County, Yunnan, 2008-2017. China Tropical Medicine, 19, 440-443. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[ 蔡文凤, 罗剑龙, 苏丽琼, 张四祥, 李寿芹 (2019) 云南省剑川县2008-2017年鼠疫疫源地不同生境小型兽类群落多样性特征. 中国热带医学, 19, 440-443.] | |
[3] |
Chao A, Chazdon RL, Colwell RK, Shen TJ (2005) A new statistical approach for assessing similarity of species composition with incidence and abundance data. Ecology Letters, 8, 148-159.
DOI URL |
[4] | Chen CD (2000) The Dujiangyan Region-Pivot sector of assemblage, differentiation and maintenance of biodiversity in northern part of Hengduan Mountain. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 20, 29-35. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[ 陈昌笃 (2000) 都江堰地区--横断山北段生物多样性交汇、分化和存留的枢纽地段. 生态学报, 20, 29-35.] | |
[5] | Chen CD, Zhuang P, Hu JC (2000) Biodiversity Research & Conservation of Dujiangyan, China. Sichuan Science and Technology Press, Chengdu. (in Chinese) |
[ 陈昌笃, 庄平, 胡锦矗 (2000) 都江堰生物多样性研究与保护. 四川科学技术出版社, 成都.] | |
[6] | Colwell RK, Coddington JA (1994) Estimating terrestrial biodiversity through extrapolation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B: Biological Sciences, 345, 101-118. |
[7] | Cui P, Deng WH (2007) Review on the status and development of bird community research. Chinese Journal of Zoology, 42(4), 149-158. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[ 崔鹏, 邓文洪 (2007) 鸟类群落研究进展. 动物学杂志, 42(4), 149-158.] | |
[8] |
Cunningham C, Beazley K (2018) Changes in human population density and protected areas in terrestrial global biodiversity hotspots, 1995-2015. Land, 7(4), 136.
DOI URL |
[9] |
Ding ZF, Hu HJ, Cadotte MW, Liang JC, Hu YM, Si XF (2021) Elevational patterns of bird functional and phylogenetic structure in the central Himalaya. Ecography, 44, 1403-1417.
DOI URL |
[10] | Gregory R, Noble D, Field R, Marchant J, Raven MJ, Gibbons D (2003) Using birds as indicators of biodiversity. Ornis Hungarica, 12, 11-24. |
[11] | Grytnes JA, McCain CM (2013) Elevational trends in biodiversity. In: Encyclopedia of Life Sciences, 2nd edn. (ed. Simon AL), pp. 149-154. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester. |
[12] |
Hortal J, Borges PAV, Gaspar C (2006) Evaluating the performance of species richness estimators: Sensitivity to sample grain size. Journal of Animal Ecology, 75, 274-287.
DOI URL |
[13] | Hu L, Xie WH, Shang T, Jiang BK, Xiao ZS (2016) Preliminary survey for mammal and bird diversity using camera traps in the Longxi-Hongkou National Nature Reserve of Sichuan Province, Southwest China. Acta Theriologica Sinica, 36, 330-337. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[ 胡力, 谢文华, 尚涛, 姜丙坤, 肖治术 (2016) 龙溪-虹口国家级自然保护区兽类和鸟类多样性红外相机调查结果初报. 兽类学报, 36, 330-337.] | |
[14] |
Leach EC, Burwell CJ, Jones DN, Kitching RL (2018) Modelling the responses of Australian subtropical rainforest birds to changes in environmental conditions along elevational gradients. Austral Ecology, 43, 490-501.
DOI URL |
[15] | Li Q (2011) Species accumulation curves and its application. Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, 48, 1882-1888. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[ 李巧 (2011) 物种累积曲线及其应用. 应用昆虫学报, 48, 1882-1888.] | |
[16] | Ma KP, Huang JH, Yu SL, Chen LZ (1995) Plant community diversity in Dongling Mountain, Beijing, China. II. Species richness, evenness and species diversities. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 15, 268-277. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[ 马克平, 黄建辉, 于顺利, 陈灵芝 (1995) 北京东灵山地区植物群落多样性的研究. II. 丰富度、均匀度和物种多样性指数. 生态学报, 15, 268-277.] | |
[17] |
Mentil L, Battisti C, Carpaneto GM (2018) The older the richer: Significant increase in breeding bird diversity along an age gradient of different coppiced woods. Web Ecology, 18, 143-151.
DOI URL |
[18] |
Muraoka H, Nakaoka M (2018) Biodiversity and ecosystems in Asia: Studies and activities of international long-term ecological research network in East Asia and Pacific. Ecological Research, 33, 17-18.
DOI URL |
[19] | Que PJ, Zhu L, Zhang J, Wang J, Li ZC, Shen Y, Ran JH (2020) Updates to the checklist of birds in Sichuan Province. Sichuan Journal of Zoology, 39, 332-360. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[ 阙品甲, 朱磊, 张俊, 王进, 李昭成, 沈尤, 冉江洪 (2020) 四川省鸟类名录的修订与更新. 四川动物, 39, 332-360.] | |
[20] |
Wu YJ, Colwell RK, Rahbek C, Zhang CL, Quan Q, Wang CK, Lei FM, Burns KC (2013) Explaining the species richness of birds along a subtropical elevational gradient in the Hengduan Mountains. Journal of Biogeography, 40, 2310-2323.
DOI URL |
[21] |
Wu YJ, Dubay SG, Colwell RK, Ran JH, Lei FM (2017) Mobile hotspots and refugia of avian diversity in the mountains of south-west China under past and contemporary global climate change. Journal of Biogeography, 44, 615-626.
DOI URL |
[22] | Wu YJ, He XC, Dubay SG, Reeve AH, Alstrom P, Zhou HM, He MX, Yong F, Zhang WW, Lei FM, Ran JH (2017) Avifauna of the eastern slope of Mount. Gongga. Sichuan Journal of Zoology, 36, 601-615. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[ 吴永杰, 何兴成, Dubay SG, Reeve AH, Alstrom P, 周华明, 和梅香, 雍凡, 张文文, 雷富民, 冉江洪 (2017) 贡嘎山东坡的鸟类多样性和区系. 四川动物, 36, 601-615.] | |
[23] | Wu YJ, Lei FM (2013) Species richness patterns and mechanisms along the elevational gradients. Chinese Journal of Zoology, 48, 797-807. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[ 吴永杰, 雷富民 (2013) 物种丰富度垂直分布格局及影响机制. 动物学杂志, 48, 797-807.] | |
[24] | Xia WC, Li DY, Li YH, He XM, Zhong T, Xiang L, Hu J (2015) Avian diversity along the elevational gradient of Xiangguqing in Baimaxueshan National Nature Reserve, Yunnan Province. Sichuan Journal of Zoology, 34, 620-625. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[ 夏万才, 黎大勇, 李艳红, 和鑫明, 钟泰, 项雷, 胡杰 (2015) 云南白马雪山国家级自然保护区响古箐地区鸟类物种多样性垂直分布格局. 四川动物, 34, 620-625.] | |
[25] |
Xiao ZS, Hu L, Wang X, Shang T, Zhu DH, Zhao ZL, Huang XQ (2014a) Wildlife diversity after Wenchuan Earthquake: A case from Guangguangshan Valley of Longxi-Hongkou National Nature Reserve, Southwest China. Biodiversity Science, 22, 794-797. (in Chinese)
DOI URL |
[ 肖治术, 胡力, 王翔, 尚涛, 朱大海, 赵志龙, 黄小群 (2014a) 汶川地震后鸟兽资源现状: 以都江堰光光山峡谷区为例. 生物多样性, 22, 794-797.] | |
[26] |
Xiao ZS, Wang XZ, Huang XQ (2014b) Mammal and bird diversity in Qingchengshan Forest Park, Southwest China: Data from camera traps. Biodiversity Science, 22, 788-793. (in Chinese with English abstract)
DOI URL |
[ 肖治术, 王学志, 黄小群 (2014b) 青城山森林公园兽类和鸟类资源初步调查: 基于红外相机数据. 生物多样性, 22, 788-793.] | |
[27] | Ye YQ, Liu SQ, Chen GJ (2005) Analysis on the biodiversity conservations, problems and countermeasures in Dujiangyan City. Territory & Natural Resources Study, (3), 79-80. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[ 叶延琼, 刘邵权, 陈国阶 (2005) 都江堰市生物多样性保护现状、问题及对策. 国土与自然资源研究, (3), 79-80.] | |
[28] | Zhang RZ (2011) Zoogeography of China. Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese) |
[ 张荣祖 (2011) 中国动物地理. 科学出版社, 北京.] | |
[29] | Zheng GM (2017) A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of China, 3rd edn. Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese) |
[ 郑光美 (2017) 中国鸟类分类与分布名录(第三版). 科学出版社, 北京.] |
[1] | 何智荣, 吴思雨, 时莹莹, 王雨婷, 江艺欣, 张春娜, 赵娜, 王苏盆. 壶菌及其感染对两栖动物种群影响的研究现状与挑战[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(2): 23274-. |
[2] | 彭昀月, 靳彤, 张小全. 生物多样性信用的概念、原则、交易和挑战[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(2): 23300-. |
[3] | 吴相獐, 雷富民, 单壹壹, 于晶. 上海城市公园苔藓植物多样性分布格局及其环境影响因子[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(2): 23364-0. |
[4] | 张飞飞, 杨天凤, 陈莉荣, 刘冬梅, 杨柳园, 杨杜宇, 鞠鹏, 陆露. 被子植物花粉颜色多样性及应用研究进展[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(1): 23346-. |
[5] | 刘昱齐, 刘晶岚, 樊晓丽, 胡宜深, 郭鸿筱, 薛凡. 鸟鸣多样性感知与声景感知恢复性: 鸟鸣音频和科普的干预[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(1): 23230-. |
[6] | 张楚然, 李生发, 李逢昌, 唐志忠, 刘辉燕, 王丽红, 顾荣, 邓云, 张志明, 林露湘. 云南鸡足山亚热带半湿润常绿阔叶林20 ha动态监测样地木本植物生境关联与群落数量分类 [J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(1): 23393-. |
[7] | 王丽媛, 胡慧建, 姜杰, 胡一鸣. 南岭哺乳类和鸟类物种丰富度空间分布格局及其影响因子[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(1): 23026-. |
[8] | 韩丽霞, 王永健, 刘宣. 外来物种入侵与本土物种分布区扩张的异同[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(1): 23396-. |
[9] | 陈进. 《昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架》与国家植物园体系建设[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(9): 23257-. |
[10] | 冯晨, 张洁, 黄宏文. 统筹植物就地保护与迁地保护的解决方案: 植物并地保护(parallel situ conservation)[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(9): 23184-. |
[11] | 陈慧妹, 李文军, 邱娟, 马占仓, 李波, 杨宗宗, 闻志彬, 孟岩, 曹秋梅, 邱东, 刘丹辉, 金光照. 新疆野生维管植物名录[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(9): 23124-. |
[12] | 罗正明, 刘晋仙, 张变华, 周妍英, 郝爱华, 杨凯, 柴宝峰. 不同退化阶段亚高山草甸土壤原生生物群落多样性特征及驱动因素[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(8): 23136-. |
[13] | 邓晶, 李艺, 侯一蕾. 城市生物多样性保护: 基于中欧对比视角下的经验借鉴[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(8): 23070-. |
[14] | 杜红. “物种”与“个体”: 究竟谁是生物多样性保护的恰当对象?[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(8): 23140-. |
[15] | 朱旭, 李嘉奇. 全球协同落实《昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架》的挑战与出路: 基于SFIC模型的分析[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(8): 23167-. |
阅读次数 | ||||||
全文 |
|
|||||
摘要 |
|
|||||
备案号:京ICP备16067583号-7
Copyright © 2022 版权所有 《生物多样性》编辑部
地址: 北京香山南辛村20号, 邮编:100093
电话: 010-62836137, 62836665 E-mail: biodiversity@ibcas.ac.cn