生物多样性 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (8): 1011-1020.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021122

• 2020年新物种专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国植物新分类群、新名称2020年度报告

杜诚1,*(), 刘军2, 叶文3, 廖帅4, 葛斌杰1, 刘冰5, 马金双6   

  1. 1.上海辰山植物园(中国科学院上海辰山植物科学研究中心), 上海 201602
    2.浙江大学图书馆, 杭州 310027
    3.中国科学院华南植物园, 广州 510650
    4.华东师范大学生命科学学院, 上海 200241
    5.中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室, 北京 100093
    6.北京市植物园, 北京 100093
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-01 接受日期:2021-05-11 出版日期:2021-08-20 发布日期:2021-06-29
  • 通讯作者: 杜诚
  • 作者简介:* E-mail: caragana_tu@hotmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    上海市绿化和市容管理局科学技术项目(G182416);中国国家标本资源平台2018年度专项

Annual report of new taxa and new names for Chinese plants in 2020

Cheng Du1,*(), Jun Liu2, Wen Ye3, Shuai Liao4, Binjie Ge1, Bing Liu5, Jinshuang Ma6   

  1. 1 Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602
    2 Zhejiang University Library, Hangzhou 310027
    3 South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650
    4 School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241
    5 State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093
    6 Beijing Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093
  • Received:2021-04-01 Accepted:2021-05-11 Online:2021-08-20 Published:2021-06-29
  • Contact: Cheng Du

摘要:

2020年中国共发表高等植物新分类群359个, 其中新属21个、新种312个、新亚种6个、新变种14个、新变型6个; 发表新组合(等级) 217个, 新名称11个; 发表国家级新记录48个; 将85个名称处理为65个名称的异名; 对14个名称进行了应用订正; 新指定后选(新)模式物种147个; 还新发现多年未曾发现的物种2个, 排除物种分布3个。新发表的物种中, 苔类植物门有3个、藓类植物门3个、蕨类植物门6个、裸子植物门1个新杂交种、被子植物门299个。这些新物种中, 有86个发表的同时提供了详细的分子证据, 78个在发表时就依据IUCN标准被评估处于受威胁的状态。云南、西藏、广西和四川等西南4省区发表新物种最多, 占全国新物种发表总数的2/3; 新物种发现密度最高的省级行政单位是云南、海南、台湾、广西和浙江等省区; 墨脱县是新物种发现数量最多的县级行政单位。2020年中国高等植物净新增294个分类群, 占全国总数的0.79%, 313个高等植物名称发生变动, 占全国总数的0.84%。

关键词: 高等植物, 新分类群, 名称变动, 中国

Abstract

Aim: China has the richest and most diverse flora in the northern hemisphere, with more than 37,098 accepted species of higher plants throughout its vast territory. Each year more than 200 new species from China have been described, but these data have not been updated in international databases expediently. To meet this need, it is necessary to produce an annual report on new taxa, name changes, and latest statuses of higher plants in China.

Methods: We collected information about new taxa and name changes for Chinese higher plants by searching 231 journals and books and 405 articles published in 66 journals and 2 books. We compiled the information and checked the scientific name, author, location, type specimen, and additional relevant information for each species.

Results: In 2020, a total of 359 new taxa of higher plants described from China were reported, including 21 new genera, 312 new species, 6 new subspecies, 14 new varieties, and 6 new forms, as well as 217 new combinations and names at new ranks and 11 new replacement names. In addition, 48 plants were new records for China, 85 names were determined as synonyms of 65 taxa, 14 names were revised, lectotypes or neotypes were designated for 147 names, 2 species were rediscovered, and 3 species were excluded from China. These newly described species belong to Marchantiophyta (3 species), Bryophyta (3 species), Pteridophyta (6 species), Gymnospermae (1 new nothospecies), and Magnoliophyta (299 species). A total of 86 new species were published with detailed molecular evidence, and 78 new species were evaluated as threatened species according to IUCN standards. Four southwestern provinces, including Yunnan, Xizang, Guangxi, and Sichuan, were the most important sources of new discoveries, accounting for two thirds of the total number of new species published in China. Yunnan, Hainan, Taiwan, Guangxi, and Zhejiang had the highest density of newly discovered species.

Conclusions: In 2020 in China, a net of 294 (0.79% of the total number) new plant taxa were recorded and 313 (0.84% of the total number) plant names were changed. 2020 was undoubtedly a fruitful year in plant taxonomic research, with the largest increase in the number of species discovered, the number of taxonomic revisions made, and the number of articles published on Chinese higher plants since 2000.

Key words: higher plants, new taxa, new name changes, China