生物多样性 ›› 2017, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (8): 856-863.DOI: 10.17520/biods.2016348
刘国红1, 刘波1,*(), 车建美1, 陈倩倩1, 林乃铨2, 崔卫东3
收稿日期:
2017-03-08
接受日期:
2017-06-06
出版日期:
2017-08-20
发布日期:
2017-08-31
通讯作者:
刘波
作者简介:
# 共同第一作者 Co-first authors
基金资助:
Guohong Liu1, Bo Liu1,*(), Jianmei Che1, Qianqian Chen1, Naiquan Lin2, Weidong Cui3
Received:
2017-03-08
Accepted:
2017-06-06
Online:
2017-08-20
Published:
2017-08-31
Contact:
Liu Bo
摘要:
了解马铃薯根际土壤中芽胞杆菌种类多样性, 可为挖掘芽胞杆菌新资源提供基础。从新疆伊犁州9个地点采集了30份马铃薯根际土壤样品, 采用可培养法从中分离芽胞杆菌, 通过16S rRNA基因同源性鉴定了分离菌株的分类地位。共获得芽胞杆菌349株, 基于菌落形态特征和16S rRNA基因序列确定了66个代表菌株, 其中14株与近缘种模式菌株的16S rRNA基因序列相似性介于93.0-98.5%之间, 为潜在芽胞杆菌新种。349株芽胞杆菌属于9属66种, 分别为芽胞杆菌属(Bacillus)的41个种(41/66, 62.1%), 为最优势属; 类芽胞杆菌属(Paenibacillus)有9种(9/66, 13.6%), 赖氨酸芽胞杆菌属(Lysinibacillus)共6种(6/66, 9.1%), 嗜冷芽胞杆菌属(Pscychrobacillus)共4种(4/66, 6.1%), 虚构芽胞杆菌属(Fictibacillus)有2种(2/66, 3.0%), 短芽胞杆菌属(Brevibacillus)、大洋芽胞杆菌属(Oceanobacillus)、鲁梅尔芽胞杆菌属(Rummelibacillus)和解硫胺素芽胞杆菌属(Aneurinibacillus)皆为1种。新疆9个地点马铃薯根际土壤中芽胞杆菌含量为2.20-8.86 × 104 cfu/g, 其中特克斯蒙古乡马铃薯根际土壤中芽胞杆菌的菌落含量和种类最多, 分别为8.86 × 104 cfu/g和37种; 尼勒克县马场马铃薯根际土壤中的芽胞杆菌含量最少, 特克斯去昭苏路上和阜康西沟村的芽胞杆菌种类最少, 仅9种。但每个地点的优势种均相同, 均为简单芽胞杆菌(Bacillus simplex)和阿氏芽胞杆菌(B. aryabhattai)。芽胞杆菌种类可划分为高频度分布型(简单芽胞杆菌等4种)、中频度分布型(植物内生芽胞杆菌等12种)和低频度分布型(其余51种芽胞杆菌, 如蕈状芽胞杆菌)。新疆9个地点芽胞杆菌种类分布可分为高含量高丰度型(特克斯蒙古乡和农技推广园)和低含量低丰度型(如尼勒克县马场等地)。相关性分析发现, 马铃薯根际芽胞杆菌种类分布与海拔高度无显著相关性。新疆马铃薯根际土壤蕴含种类丰富的芽胞杆菌资源, 可为芽胞杆菌功能菌株开发提供丰富的菌种来源。
刘国红, 刘波, 车建美, 陈倩倩, 林乃铨, 崔卫东. 新疆伊犁马铃薯根际芽胞杆菌纯培养多样性[J]. 生物多样性, 2017, 25(8): 856-863.
Guohong Liu, Bo Liu, Jianmei Che, Qianqian Chen, Naiquan Lin, Weidong Cui. Diversity of Bacillus-like species isolated from potato rhizosphere soils in Yili, Xinjiang[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2017, 25(8): 856-863.
编号 No. | 采集地点 Collection site | 海拔 Altitude (m) | 经纬度 Location |
---|---|---|---|
S1 | 尼勒克县尼勒克镇公社种子队 Seed Team of Nilka Township, Nilka County | 1,138 | 43°46°28? N, 82°35°01? E |
S2 | 阜康市上户沟乡西沟村 Xigou Village, Shanghugou Township, Fukang City | 1,261 | 44°00°17? N, 88°33°46? E |
S3 | 尼勒克县马场 Machang, Nilka County | 1,139 | 43°45°58? N, 82°34°43? E |
S4 | 尼勒克县沙勒漫乡 Shaleman Township, Nilka County | 1,110 | 43°47°08? N, 82°32°15? E |
S5 | 昭苏县农业局试验场 Testing Ground of Agricultural Bureau, Zhaosu County | 1,856 | 44°09'46? N, 81°09°14? E |
S6 | 特克斯蒙古乡(施药) Mongolia Township, Tekes County (pesticide applied) | 1,171 | 43°13°25? N, 81°54°27? E |
S7 | 特克斯蒙古乡 Mongolia Township, Tekes County | 1,181 | 43°13°17? N, 81°52°33? E |
S8 | 特克斯去昭苏路上 On the way from Tekes to Zhaosu County | 1,808 | - |
S9 | 特克斯县农业技术推广园 Agro Technical Extension Garden, Tekes County | 1,181 | 43°13°17? N, 81°52°33? E |
表1 新疆马铃薯根际土壤样本采集信息
Table 1 Information of potato rhizosphere soil samples from Xinjiang
编号 No. | 采集地点 Collection site | 海拔 Altitude (m) | 经纬度 Location |
---|---|---|---|
S1 | 尼勒克县尼勒克镇公社种子队 Seed Team of Nilka Township, Nilka County | 1,138 | 43°46°28? N, 82°35°01? E |
S2 | 阜康市上户沟乡西沟村 Xigou Village, Shanghugou Township, Fukang City | 1,261 | 44°00°17? N, 88°33°46? E |
S3 | 尼勒克县马场 Machang, Nilka County | 1,139 | 43°45°58? N, 82°34°43? E |
S4 | 尼勒克县沙勒漫乡 Shaleman Township, Nilka County | 1,110 | 43°47°08? N, 82°32°15? E |
S5 | 昭苏县农业局试验场 Testing Ground of Agricultural Bureau, Zhaosu County | 1,856 | 44°09'46? N, 81°09°14? E |
S6 | 特克斯蒙古乡(施药) Mongolia Township, Tekes County (pesticide applied) | 1,171 | 43°13°25? N, 81°54°27? E |
S7 | 特克斯蒙古乡 Mongolia Township, Tekes County | 1,181 | 43°13°17? N, 81°52°33? E |
S8 | 特克斯去昭苏路上 On the way from Tekes to Zhaosu County | 1,808 | - |
S9 | 特克斯县农业技术推广园 Agro Technical Extension Garden, Tekes County | 1,181 | 43°13°17? N, 81°52°33? E |
图1 基于16S rRNA基因的芽胞杆菌系统发育分析。n代表分离菌株数量, 百分比值为分离菌株与近缘模式菌的16S rRNA基因相似性。
Fig. 1 Phylogenetic analysis of Bacillus species based on 16S rRNA gene sequence. n represents number of isolates, and percent values represent the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities between isolates and related type species.
样本编号 Sample no. | 芽胞杆菌含量 Bacillus colonies content (×104 cfu/g) | 种类数 Species number |
---|---|---|
S1 | 3.25 | 19 |
S2 | 5.00 | 9 |
S3 | 2.20 | 11 |
S4 | 6.60 | 15 |
S5 | 3.97 | 15 |
S6 | 7.70 | 15 |
S7 | 8.86 | 37 |
S8 | 4.30 | 9 |
S9 | 3.76 | 31 |
表2 新疆马铃薯根际土壤中芽胞杆菌含量分布(样品编号同表1)
Table 2 The content of Bacillus species in the potato rhizoshpere soil from Xinjiang. Soil sample number see Table 1.
样本编号 Sample no. | 芽胞杆菌含量 Bacillus colonies content (×104 cfu/g) | 种类数 Species number |
---|---|---|
S1 | 3.25 | 19 |
S2 | 5.00 | 9 |
S3 | 2.20 | 11 |
S4 | 6.60 | 15 |
S5 | 3.97 | 15 |
S6 | 7.70 | 15 |
S7 | 8.86 | 37 |
S8 | 4.30 | 9 |
S9 | 3.76 | 31 |
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