浙江天童20 ha常绿阔叶林动态监测样地的群落特征

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.09013

生物多样性 ›› 2011, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (2): 215-223. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.09013

所属专题：中国的森林生物多样性监测

浙江天童20 ha常绿阔叶林动态监测样地的群落特征

杨庆松¹^,², 马遵平¹^,², 谢玉彬¹^,², 张志国¹^,², 王樟华¹^,², 刘何铭¹^,², 李萍¹^,², 张娜¹^,², 王达力¹^,², 杨海波¹^,², 方晓峰¹^,², 阎恩荣¹^,², 王希华¹^,²^,^*()

1 (华东师范大学环境科学系, 上海 200062)
2 (浙江天童森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 浙江宁波 315114)

收稿日期:2011-01-17 接受日期:2011-02-26 出版日期:2011-03-20 发布日期:2011-06-01
通讯作者: 王希华
作者简介:*E-mail: xhwang@des.ecnu.edu.cn

Community structure and species composition of an evergreen broad- leaved forest in Tiantong’s 20 ha dynamic plot, Zhejiang Province, eastern China

Qingsong Yang¹^,², Zunping Ma¹^,², Yubin Xie¹^,², Zhiguo Zhang¹^,², Zhanghua Wang¹^,², Heming Liu¹^,², Ping Li¹^,², Na Zhang¹^,², Dali Wang¹^,², Haibo Yang¹^,², Xiaofeng Fang¹^,², Enrong Yan¹^,², Xihua Wang¹^,²^,^*()

1 Department of Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062
2 Tiantong National Station of Forest Ecosystem, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315114

Received:2011-01-17 Accepted:2011-02-26 Online:2011-03-20 Published:2011-06-01
Contact: Xihua Wang

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

常绿阔叶林是我国东部低海拔地区的典型植被, 基于大型动态监测样地的群落特征分析是揭示其生物多样性维持机制的基础。作者在天童国家森林公园建立了20 ha的样地, 并完成了第一次群落学特征调查和分析。结果显示, 样地内共有胸径≥1 cm的木本植物152种94,603株, 隶属51科94属。重要值最大的前3个科依次是山茶科、樟科和壳斗科。属水平上热带区系成分占总属数的52.1%, 温带区系成分占42.6%。常绿物种在样地内占绝对优势, 占总重要值的80.3%。重要值最大的3个种依次是细枝柃(Eurya loquaiana)、黄丹木姜子(Litsea elongata)和南酸枣(Choerospondias axiliaris); 稀有种共计55种, 占总物种数的36.2%。木本植物整体径级结构呈逆“J”字型。萌枝分枝情况表明, 常绿物种的萌、分枝能力强于落叶物种。此结果表明天童常绿阔叶林物种组成丰富, 群落成熟稳定, 更新良好, 反映了亚热带东部常绿阔叶林的典型特征。

关键词: 常绿阔叶林, 天童, 物种组成, 径级结构, 动态样地

Abstract

Evergreen broad-leaved forest (EBLF) is a typical vegetation type in low elevation regions in eastern China. The permanent plot-based approach to community analysis is fundamentally important for revealing mechanisms of biodiversity maintenance. In this study, community structure and species composition were investigated and analyzed using a 20-ha permanent plot in Tiantong National Forest Park, Zhejiang Province. Our results were as follows: (1) we counted a total of 94,603 individuals, belonging to 152 species, 94 genera and 51 families. The three most dominant families were Theaceae, Lauraceae and Fagaceae. The genera present were dominated by tropical (52.1% in total) and temperate (42.6% in total) floras; (2) species in the evergreen life form were dominant with a community importance value of 80.3%. The three most dominant species were Eurya loquaiana, Litsea elongata and Choerospondias axiliaris. Fifty five species were considered rare; (3) the size distribution of all trees followed a reverse “J” shape; and (4) evergreen species showed a greater resprouting ability than deciduous species. In conclusion, with rich species composition and a mature community structure, the EBLF in Tiantong region is typical of this vegetation type.

Key words: evergreen broad-leaved forest, Tiantong, species composition, size-class, dynamic plot

杨庆松, 马遵平, 谢玉彬, 张志国, 王樟华, 刘何铭, 李萍, 张娜, 王达力, 杨海波, 方晓峰, 阎恩荣, 王希华 (2011) 浙江天童20 ha常绿阔叶林动态监测样地的群落特征. 生物多样性, 19, 215-223. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.09013.

Qingsong Yang, Zunping Ma, Yubin Xie, Zhiguo Zhang, Zhanghua Wang, Heming Liu, Ping Li, Na Zhang, Dali Wang, Haibo Yang, Xiaofeng Fang, Enrong Yan, Xihua Wang (2011) Community structure and species composition of an evergreen broad- leaved forest in Tiantong’s 20 ha dynamic plot, Zhejiang Province, eastern China. Biodiversity Science, 19, 215-223. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.09013.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.09013

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2011/V19/I2/215

图/表 7

参考文献 29

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科 Family	分布区类型 Areal types	物种数 No. of species	属数 No. of genera	个体数 No. of stems	重要值 IV
樟科 Lauraceae	泛热带分布 Pantropic	13	7	20,017	18.50
壳斗科 Fagaceae	北温带分布 North Temperate	11	3	7,849	18.17
山茶科 Theaceae	泛热带分布 Pantropic	9	5	36,108	25.24
蔷薇科 Rosaceae	世界广布 Cosmopolitan	9	4	1,588	1.40
山矾科 Symplocaceae	泛热带分布 Pantropic	8	1	8,154	5.84
榆科 Ulmaceae	世界广布 Cosmopolitan	7	5	418	0.77
冬青科 Aquifoliaceae	热带亚洲和热带美洲间断分布 Tropical Asia and Tropical America disjuncted	7	1	1,058	1.48
茜草科 Rubiaceae	世界广布 Cosmopolitan	6	6	62	0.04
马鞭草科 Verbenaceae	热带亚洲和热带美洲间断分布 Tropical Asia and Tropical America disjuncted	6	3	511	0.29
大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	泛热带分布 Pantropic	5	4	505	0.70

科 Family	分布区类型 Areal types	物种数 No. of species	属数 No. of genera	个体数 No. of stems	重要值 IV
樟科 Lauraceae	泛热带分布 Pantropic	13	7	20,017	18.50
壳斗科 Fagaceae	北温带分布 North Temperate	11	3	7,849	18.17
山茶科 Theaceae	泛热带分布 Pantropic	9	5	36,108	25.24
蔷薇科 Rosaceae	世界广布 Cosmopolitan	9	4	1,588	1.40
山矾科 Symplocaceae	泛热带分布 Pantropic	8	1	8,154	5.84
榆科 Ulmaceae	世界广布 Cosmopolitan	7	5	418	0.77
冬青科 Aquifoliaceae	热带亚洲和热带美洲间断分布 Tropical Asia and Tropical America disjuncted	7	1	1,058	1.48
茜草科 Rubiaceae	世界广布 Cosmopolitan	6	6	62	0.04
马鞭草科 Verbenaceae	热带亚洲和热带美洲间断分布 Tropical Asia and Tropical America disjuncted	6	3	511	0.29
大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	泛热带分布 Pantropic	5	4	505	0.70

分布区类型 Areal types	属数 No. of genera	科数 No. of families
1 世界广布 Cosmopolitan	1	9
2 泛热带分布 Pantropic	21	16
3 热带亚洲和热带美洲间断分布 Tropical Asia and Tropical America disjuncted	5	5
4 旧世界热带分布 Old World Tropic	9	2
5 热带亚洲至热带大洋洲分布 Tropical Asia and Tropical Australasia	2	2
6 热带亚洲至热带非洲分布 Tropical Asia to Tropical Africa	2	-
7 热带亚洲分布 Tropical Asia	10	1
热带合计 Total of Tropic (2-7)	49	26
8 北温带分布 North Temperate	16	13
9 东亚至北美洲间断分布 East Asia and North America disjuncted	11	1
10 旧世界温带分布 Old World Temperate	2	-
11 温带亚洲分布 Temperate Asia	-	-
12 地中海、西亚至中亚分布 Mediterranean, West Asia to Central Asia	-	-
13 中亚分布 Central Asia	-	-
14 东亚分布 East Asia	11	1
温带合计 Total of Temperate (8-14)	40	15
15 中国特有分布 Endemic to China	4	1
合计 Total	94	51

分布区类型 Areal types	属数 No. of genera	科数 No. of families
1 世界广布 Cosmopolitan	1	9
2 泛热带分布 Pantropic	21	16
3 热带亚洲和热带美洲间断分布 Tropical Asia and Tropical America disjuncted	5	5
4 旧世界热带分布 Old World Tropic	9	2
5 热带亚洲至热带大洋洲分布 Tropical Asia and Tropical Australasia	2	2
6 热带亚洲至热带非洲分布 Tropical Asia to Tropical Africa	2	-
7 热带亚洲分布 Tropical Asia	10	1
热带合计 Total of Tropic (2-7)	49	26
8 北温带分布 North Temperate	16	13
9 东亚至北美洲间断分布 East Asia and North America disjuncted	11	1
10 旧世界温带分布 Old World Temperate	2	-
11 温带亚洲分布 Temperate Asia	-	-
12 地中海、西亚至中亚分布 Mediterranean, West Asia to Central Asia	-	-
13 中亚分布 Central Asia	-	-
14 东亚分布 East Asia	11	1
温带合计 Total of Temperate (8-14)	40	15
15 中国特有分布 Endemic to China	4	1
合计 Total	94	51

种名 Species	个体数 No. of stems	平均胸径 Mean of DBH (cm)	胸高断面积 Basal area (m²)	萌枝 Sprouts	分枝 Ramifications	重要值 IV
细枝柃 Eurya loquaiana	20,414	2.64	16.46	2,552	5,324	12.05
黄丹木姜子 Litsea elongata	10,395	4.80	34.95	1,223	461	8.16
南酸枣 Choerospondias axiliaris	1,352	20.84	76.04	66	72	6.52
杨梅叶蚊母树 Distylium myricoides	6,298	6.31	40.11	1,979	1,118	6.39
长叶石栎 Lithocarpus henryi	2,688	12.16	53.91	2,190	848	5.54
云山青冈 Cyclobalanopsis nubium	2,484	12.38	55.11	464	340	5.52
毛花连蕊茶 Camellia fraterna	9,279	2.42	6.45	1,589	1,192	5.40
木荷 Schima superba	1,237	17.25	40.67	32	53	3.76
栲树 Castanopsis fargesii	750	22.73	42.81	147	124	3.66
红楠 Machilus thunbergii	2,807	5.76	18.81	418	255	2.92
浙江新木姜子 Neolitsea aurata var. chekiangensis	3,215	4.64	9.05	546	178	2.39
杨桐 Cleyera japonica	2,328	6.53	14.49	386	351	2.34
薄叶山矾 Symplocos anomala	3,307	3.08	4.60	1,789	803	2.10
马银花 Rhododendron ovatum	2,737	4.02	7.10	2,093	1,401	1.99
雷公鹅耳枥 Carpinus viminea	875	12.10	18.94	34	64	1.91
米槠 Castanopsis carlesii	531	16.55	18.93	175	176	1.73
华东楠 Machilus leptophylla	1,178	8.57	14.25	155	92	1.71
枫香 Liquidambar formosana	187	28.36	17.39	6	2	1.43
四川山矾 Symplocos setchuensis	1,669	4.83	5.02	334	558	1.27
毛脉槭 Acer pubinerve	469	13.81	12.92	13	24	1.23
檫木 Sassafras tzumu	267	22.29	14.31	3	5	1.23
细叶香桂 Cinnamomum subavenium	1,180	6.00	7.63	277	55	1.21
小叶青冈 Cyclobalanopsis gracilis	1,067	7.41	7.99	413	125	1.17
窄基红褐柃 Eurya rubiginosa var. attenuata	1,980	2.02	1.08	723	426	1.13
披针叶茴香 Illicium lanceolatum	1,430	4.36	4.51	159	374	1.10
黄牛奶树 Symplocos laurina	1,029	6.61	6.36	107	222	1.03
合计 Total	94,603	5.66	654.86	20,933	16,995	100.00

浙江天童20 ha常绿阔叶林动态监测样地的群落特征

Community structure and species composition of an evergreen broad- leaved forest in Tiantong’s 20 ha dynamic plot, Zhejiang Province, eastern China

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