钱江源国家公园木本植物物种多样性空间分布格局

doi:10.17520/biods.2022587

生物多样性 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (7): 22587. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022587

• 研究报告: 植物多样性 • 下一篇

钱江源国家公园木本植物物种多样性空间分布格局

陈声文¹, 任海保²^,³^,^*(), 童光蓉¹, 王宁宁²^,³, 蓝文超¹, 薛建华²^,³, 米湘成²^,³

1.钱江源国家公园管理局, 浙江开化 324300
2.中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室浙江钱江源森林生物多样性国家野外科学观测研究站, 北京 100093
3.国家植物园, 北京 100093

收稿日期:2022-10-18 接受日期:2023-07-24 出版日期:2023-07-20 发布日期:2023-07-31
通讯作者: *E-mail: renhb@ibcas.ac.cn
作者简介:*E-mail: renhb@ibcas.ac.cn
第一联系人：
#共同第一作者
基金资助:
钱江源国家公园生态资源保护中心项目和国家自然科学基金(41371074)

Spatial patterns in woody species diversity in the Qianjiangyuan National Park

Shengwen Chen¹, Haibao Ren²^,³^,^*(), Guangrong Tong¹, Ningning Wang²^,³, Wenchao Lan¹, Jianhua Xue²^,³, Xiangcheng Mi²^,³

1. Qianjiangyuan National Park Administration, Kaihua, Zhejiang 324300
2. Zhejiang Qianjiangyuan Forest Biodiversity National Observation and Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093
3. China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093

Received:2022-10-18 Accepted:2023-07-24 Online:2023-07-20 Published:2023-07-31
Contact: *E-mail: renhb@ibcas.ac.cn
About author:First author contact:
# Co-first authors

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以数据为支撑的物种多样性空间分布是自然保护地适应性保护和管理的基础, 但当前大多数自然保护地缺乏全域物种多样性观测数据。本研究以钱江源国家公园全域663个20 m × 20 m木本植物样方调查数据为基础, 分析了国家公园内观测物种丰富度、稀疏物种丰富度、胸高断面积和树木个体数量的空间变化, 比较了这些变量在国家公园各功能区块间的差异。结果显示木本植物物种多样性的热点分布区与钱江源国家公园核心保护区基本匹配。两个物种丰富度在核心保护区古田山区块和长何齐区块及一般控制区古田-苏庄区块最大, 三者的观测物种丰富度无显著差异(P > 0.05), 古田山区块和古田-苏庄区块的稀疏物种丰富度无显著差异, 但均显著大于长何齐区块; 古田山区块和古田-苏庄区块的两个物种丰富度指标变异程度小于其他区块, 且这两个区块间无显著差异(P > 0.05)。齐溪区块、长何齐区块和古田山区块胸高断面积大于其他区块, 古田-苏庄区块次之, 前三者无显著差异, 古田-苏庄区块显著小于长何齐区块和古田山区块。古田山区块和古田-苏庄区块树木个体数量最小。长何齐区块齐溪片区部分胸高断面积大、个体数量小, 而在长虹和何田片区胸高断面积小、个体数量大。一般控制区长虹-何田区块和古田-洪源区块两个物种丰富度最小, 胸高断面积最小。结果表明, 从生物多样性角度来看钱江源国家公园的功能分区基本合理, 扩展了对国家公园物种多样性热点和保护空缺的认识: 古田山区块木本植物个体大、物种最丰富, 与其毗邻的一般控制区古田-苏庄区块物种同样丰富、个体略小, 可将其纳入保护核心区以利于钱江源国家公园主要生态系统完整性保护; 核心保护区长何齐区块长虹和何田片区物种多样性低、个体小、密度大, 待加强保护和修复; 长虹-何田区块和古田-洪源区块物种少、个体小、干扰强, 待社区发展和保护协同。本研究将为钱江源国家公园生物多样性适应性保护和管理提供科学支撑。

关键词: 观测物种丰富度, 稀疏物种丰富度, 亚热带常绿阔叶林, 生物多样性保护, 功能分区, 生物多样性热点区域

Abstract

Aims: Data-based knowledge of species diversity distribution in natural reserves is fundamental for the adaptive protection and management of natural reserves. However, species diversity patterns have been rarely examined comprehensively across the entire areas of majority of natural reserves. This study aims to explore spatial variation in woody species diversity across the Qianjiangyuan National Park, as well as among subareas based on functional divisions.

Methods: A total of 663 plots, each measuring 20 m × 20 m, were surveyed across the national park. Within these plots, all individuals of DBH (diameter at breast height) ≥ 1 cm were identified to species and measured for DBH. Using this comprehensive dataset, we analyzed and presented the spatial pattern in observed species richness, rarefaction species richness, cross-sectional area at breast height (A_DBH), and the number of tree individual number across the national park. Furthermore, we compared those variables among subareas based on functional divisions, emplying various statistical comparison techniques such as z-test, Max-t test, Siegel-Tukey test, and Fligner-Killeen test. These analytical methods allowed us to explore and understand the difference in the aforementioned variables between different functional divisions within the national park.

Results: The distribution of hotspots for woody species diversity basically matched core protection areas of the national park. Among the subareas, the Gutian subarea (GTs), Changheqi subarea (CHQs), and Gutian-Suzhuang subarea (GSs) showed the highest levels of observed and rarefaction species richness. There were no significant differences in observed species richness among these three subareas, and rarefaction species richness was also statistically similar for GTs and GSs, both of which were higher than CHQs. The variations in species richness indices were the smallest for GTs and GSs. Regarding the A_DBH, the Qixi subarea (QXs), CHQs, and GTs had the largest values, with no significant difference among them. However, GSs had a significantly smaller A_DBH compared to CHQs and GTs. The subareas GTs and GSs had the lowest number of tree individuals. As for the Changhong and Hetian towns, the Changhong-Hetian subarea (CHs) and Gutian-Hongyuan subarea (GHs) exhibited the smallest in both species richness and A_DBH.

Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings support the basic reasonability of the functional divisions within the national park in terms of biodiversity. We have identified important biodiversity hotspots and conservation gaps: the GTs stands out as having the largest trees and the highest woody species richness. Adjacent to GTs, the GSs exhibits similar species richness but with smaller trees. Integrating GSs into the core protection area would be beneficial for safeguarding the overall integrity of the main ecosystem's integrity in the national park; within the CHQs, the part encompassing Changhong and Hetian towns showed poor woody species diversity, with small trees and high human-disturbance. These areas require strengthened protection and restoration efforts to enhance biodiversity; CHs and GHs displayed low species richness, characterized by small trees and strong human-disturbance. In these regions, it is essential to establish synergies between community development and biodiversity protection to promote conservation. By extending knowledge of biodiversity hotspots and conservation gaps, our study provides valuable support for the adaptive protection and management of biodiversity within the national park. Our findings can be used to guide targeted conservation strategies and ensure the sustainable protection of the park's unique ecological treasures.

Key words: observed species richness, rarefaction species richness, subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, biodiversity conservation, functional division, biodiversity hotspot

陈声文, 任海保, 童光蓉, 王宁宁, 蓝文超, 薛建华, 米湘成 (2023) 钱江源国家公园木本植物物种多样性空间分布格局. 生物多样性, 31, 22587. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022587.

Shengwen Chen, Haibao Ren, Guangrong Tong, Ningning Wang, Wenchao Lan, Jianhua Xue, Xiangcheng Mi (2023) Spatial patterns in woody species diversity in the Qianjiangyuan National Park. Biodiversity Science, 31, 22587. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022587.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2022587

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2023/V31/I7/22587

图/表 4

图1 钱江源国家公园功能区划分(红色为核心保护区, 绿色为一般控制区)及主要区块。图中黑点为监测样方位点。

Fig. 1 Functional divisions (red area is core protection area, and green area is general control area) and their main subareas in the Qianjiangyuan National Park. The black points are locations of plots.

图2 钱江源国家公园观测物种丰富度(A)、稀疏物种丰富度(B)、胸高断面积(C)和树木个体数量(D)的空间分布格局。功能分区区块代号见图1。红色和黑色圆点分别为4个测度指标在钱江源国家公园植物监测样方中最大和最小的样方位置; 红色和黑色三角分别为钱江源国家公园一般控制区内4个测度指标最大和最小的样方位置。

Fig. 2 Spatial patterns of observed species richness (A), rarefaction species richness (B), cross-sectional area at breast height (C) and tree individual number (D) in the Qianjiangyuan National Park. The codes for subareas of functional divisions are the same as in Fig. 1. Red and black solid circles show where the four indices above are the largest and the lowest, respectively, among all plots of 20 m × 20 m in the entire area of the national park. Red solid and black triangles show where the four indices are the largest and the lowest, respectively, in the general control area of the national park.

图3 观测物种丰富度和稀疏物种丰富度在钱江源国家公园核心保护区和一般控制区的频度分布图及其大小和变异程度在各功能分区区块间的比较。功能分区区块代码见图1。

Fig. 3 Histograms of observed species richness and rarefaction species richness in the core protection area and general control area in the Qianjiangyuan National Park and comparisons of them and their variations among subareas of functional divisions of the national park. The codes for subareas of functional divisions are the same as in Fig. 1.

图4 胸高断面积和树木个体数量在钱江源国家公园核心保护区和一般控制区的频度分布图及其大小和变异程度在各功能分区区块间的比较。功能分区区块代码见图1.

Fig. 4 Histograms of cross-sectional area at breast height and tree individual number in the core protection area and general control area in the Qianjiangyuan National Park and comparisons of them and their variations among subareas of functional divisions of the national park. The codes for subareas of functional divisions are the same as in Fig. 1.

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钱江源国家公园木本植物物种多样性空间分布格局

Spatial patterns in woody species diversity in the Qianjiangyuan National Park

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