海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林60 ha大样地木本植物性别系统数量特征

doi:10.17520/biods.2018217

生物多样性 ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (3): 297-305. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2018217

海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林60 ha大样地木本植物性别系统数量特征

王颖灿¹,林家怡¹,许涵^2,*(),林明献³,李意德²

1 华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院, 广州 510642
2 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所, 广州 510520
3 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所试验站, 海南乐东 572542

收稿日期:2018-08-07 接受日期:2019-01-07 出版日期:2019-03-20 发布日期:2019-03-20
通讯作者: 许涵
基金资助:
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(CAFYBB2017QC003);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(CAFYBB2017ZE001);国家自然科学基金(31670628);尖峰岭国家级森林生态站运行费(2017-2018)

Numerical characteristics of plant sexual system of the woody plants in the 60 ha plot in the tropical rain forest in Jianfengling, Hainan Island

Wang Yingcan¹,Lin Jiayi¹,Xu Han^2,*(),Lin Mingxian³,Li Yide²

1 College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642
2 Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520
3 Experimental Station of Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Ledong, Hainan 572542

Received:2018-08-07 Accepted:2019-01-07 Online:2019-03-20 Published:2019-03-20
Contact: Xu Han

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

热带山地雨林中植物不同性别系统的数量和空间分布特征如何? 是否受自然环境条件影响? 这些问题的回答有助于更深入理解群落物种多样性是如何形成的。本文以海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林60 ha大样地中胸径大于1 cm的木本植物为研究对象, 描述了样地内木本植物性别系统的数量特征, 分析了雌雄异株植物空间分布与地形因子的相关关系。结果表明: 大样地内289种木本种子植物中有两性花植物176种, 单性花植物113种; 在单性花植物中, 51种为雌雄同株, 62种为雌雄异株。单性花植物植株数占所有植株总数的36.2%; 雌雄异株植物植株数占所有植株总数的21.5%, 占单性花植物植株数的59.5%。在20 m × 20 m样方的空间尺度, 雌雄异株植物呈现聚集分布的物种共有31种。以20 m × 20 m样方为分析单元, 雌雄异株植物种类的性别比例与海拔、凹凸度和坡度呈弱正相关; 个体相对多度仅和海拔呈弱正相关, 与坡度和凹凸度无相关; 而3个性别系统多样性指数与海拔、凹凸度和坡度均无显著关联。可见雌雄异株植物在海南热带山地雨林中占据了较大的比例, 但大部分种类种群较小, 其数量分布特征与地形因素紧密相关, 雌雄异株植物的存在对群落物种多样性的形成有较大贡献。

关键词: 海南, 热带雨林, 固定样地, 多样性, 雌雄异株植物, 地形

Abstract

How plants with different sexual systems grow and distribute in the community? Are they influenced by environmental factors? The answer to these questions is helpful to understand how species diversity is shaped in the plant community. This study summarized the numerical characteristics of sexual systems and the relationship between the distribution of dioecious plants and the topographical factors. Results showed that of the 289 woody seed plants recorded in the 60 ha plot, 176 species are bisexual plants and 113 species are unisexual plants. Of the 113 unisexual species, 51 are monoecious and 62 are dioecious plants. The abundance of unisexual plants accounts for 36.2% of all individuals recorded in the whole plot. The dioecious plants account for 21.5% of all individuals recorded and 59.5% of all individuals of unisexual plants in the plot. At the 20 m × 20 m quadrat spatial scale, 31 dioecious species showed aggregated distribution. Proportion of number of dioecious species of all species showed weak and positive correlation with altitude, convex and slope, but relative abundance of dioecious plants only showed weak and positive correlation with altitude. Furthermore, three diversity indices of plant sexual system did not show significant correlation with altitude, convex and slope. In sum, dioecious plants occupy a large proportion but most species only have relatively small population in the tropical mountain rain forest in Hainan, which are closely correlated with the topographical factors by the changes of numerical characteristics. The existence of dioecious plants has important contribution to the formation of species diversity in the plant community.

Key words: Hainan, tropical rainforest, permanent plot, diversity, dioecious plants, topography

王颖灿, 林家怡, 许涵, 林明献, 李意德 (2019) 海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林60 ha大样地木本植物性别系统数量特征. 生物多样性, 27, 297-305. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2018217.

Wang Yingcan, Lin Jiayi, Xu Han, Lin Mingxian, Li Yide (2019) Numerical characteristics of plant sexual system of the woody plants in the 60 ha plot in the tropical rain forest in Jianfengling, Hainan Island. Biodiversity Science, 27, 297-305. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2018217.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2018217

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2019/V27/I3/297

图/表 6

表1 60 ha大样地内重要值 ≥ 1.0的雌雄同株和雌雄异株植物

Table 1 Monoecious and dioecious species with importance value larger than 1.0 in the 60 ha plot

性别系统 Sexual system	种名 Species	植株数量No. of individuals	重要值Importance value
雌雄同株Monoecy	红柯 Lithocarpus fenzelianus	1,752	2.0
	变色山槟榔 Pinanga baviensis	14,753	1.4
	杏叶柯 Lithocarpus amygdalifolius	1,360	1.3
	托盘青冈 Cyclobalanopsis patelliformis	1,207	1.1
	海南蕈树 Altingia obovata	1,793	1.1
雌雄异株Dioecy	白颜树 Gironniera subaequalis	10,035	3.0
	海南韶子 Nephelium topengii	11,878	2.1
	香果新木姜子 Neolitsea ellipsoidea	15,747	1.9
	东方肖榄 Platea parvifolia	6,423	1.3
	海岛冬青 Ilex goshiensis	4,550	1.1

图1 60 ha大样地内不同重要值(a)和不同植株数量(b)的雌雄异株和雌雄同株植物的物种数量

Fig. 1 Number of dioecious and monoecious species with different importance value (a) and number of individuals (b) in the 60 ha plot

图2 60 ha大样地内20 m × 20 m样方水平各植物性别系统属性的样方数分布。(a)不同性别系统植株数量的样方数分布; (b)单性花植物相对多度的样方数分布; (c)不同性别系统相对多度的样方数分布; (d)雌雄异株植物占单性花比例的样方数分布。

Fig. 2 Characteristics of number of quadrats for different plant sexual systems at the 20 m × 20 m quadrat scale in the 60 ha plot. (a) Characteristics of number of quadrats and number of individuals for different sexual systems; (b) Characteristics of number of quadrats and relative abundance for unisexual species; (c) Characteristics of number of quadrats for and relative abundance for different sexual systems; (d) Characteristics of number of quadrats and proportion of dioecious species of unisexual species.

图3 60 ha大样地内20 m × 20 m样方水平的性别系统Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数、Pielou均匀度指数的样方数分布

Fig. 3 Number of quadrats with different Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index, Pielou index for sexual system diversity at the 20 m × 20 m quadrat scale in the 60 ha plot

表2 海南尖峰岭热带雨林性别系统与国内外4个森林群落的比较

Table 2 Sexual system comparison among Jianfengling tropical rainforest and four forest communities in China and other countries

地点及植物群落 Site and plant community	物种数 No. of species	不同性别系统占比 Proportion of different sexual systems of total number of species (%)
地点及植物群落 Site and plant community	物种数 No. of species	两性花 Hermaphroditic species	雌雄同株 Monoecy	雌雄异株 Dioecy
湖北大老岭落叶阔叶林, 中国 Deciduous broad-leaved forest in Hubei, China (Long, 2011)	306	67.0	20.6	12.4
云南西双版纳热带雨林, 中国 Tropical rainforest in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China (Chen & Li, 2008)	394	54.0	19.5	26.1
海南尖峰岭热带雨林, 中国 Tropical rainforest in Jianfengling, Hainan, China	290	60.0	17.7	21.5
拉塞尔瓦热带雨林, 哥斯达黎加 Tropical rainforest in La Selva, Costa Rica (Chen & Li, 2008)	333	65.0	11.4	23.1
砂拉越州热带雨林, 马来西亚 Tropical rainforest in Central Sarawak, Malaysia (Chen & Li, 2008)	711	60.0	14.0	26.0

表3 60 ha大样地地形因子与雌雄异株植物多样性的关联性分析

Table 3 Relationships among topographical factors and diversity indices of dioecious plants in the 60 ha plot

指标 Indices	海拔 Altitude	坡度 Slope	凹凸度 Convex
性别比例 Proportion of dioecious species of all species in the 60 ha plot	0.487 (+)	0.344 (+)	0.313 (+)
相对多度 Relative abundance of dioecious species of all individuals	0.408 (+)	0.278 (n)	0.275 (n)
Simpson指数 Simpson index	-0.019 (n)	-0.162 (n)	0.192 (n)
Shannon-Wiener指数Shannon-Wiener index	-0.012 (n)	0.163 (n)	-0.187 (n)
Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou index	-0.012 (n)	0.163 (n)	-0.187 (n)

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海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林60 ha大样地木本植物性别系统数量特征

Numerical characteristics of plant sexual system of the woody plants in the 60 ha plot in the tropical rain forest in Jianfengling, Hainan Island

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