生物多样性 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (8): 22163.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022163

• 2021年新物种专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

2021年世界蜘蛛新分类单元

张露丹, 卢影, 褚畅, 何巧巧*(), 姚志远*()   

  1. 沈阳师范大学生命科学学院, 沈阳 110034
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-04 接受日期:2022-05-17 出版日期:2022-08-20 发布日期:2022-08-31
  • 通讯作者: 何巧巧,姚志远
  • 作者简介:heqq@synu.edu.cn
    *共同通讯作者 E-mail: yaozy@synu.edu.cn;
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(32170461);国家自然科学基金(31872193);辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”(XLYC1907150);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202210166021)

New spider taxa of the world in 2021

Ludan Zhang, Ying Lu, Chang Chu, Qiaoqiao He*(), Zhiyuan Yao*()   

  1. College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034
  • Received:2022-04-04 Accepted:2022-05-17 Online:2022-08-20 Published:2022-08-31
  • Contact: Qiaoqiao He,Zhiyuan Yao

摘要:

蜘蛛是陆地生态系统中重要的捕食者, 也是多样性最高的陆生节肢动物类群之一。定期对蜘蛛目新分类单元进行汇总整理, 有助于更好地了解蜘蛛多样性研究的发展动态。本文总结了2021年全球发表的蜘蛛新分类单元。2021年全世界304位学者在64种刊物的254篇文章中发表了81个国家的975个蜘蛛新分类单元(含琥珀), 包括47新属928新种, 隶属81科。中国是发现新种最多的国家, 占世界新种总数的28.7%; 中国学者李枢强命名的新分类单元最多, 占世界新分类单元总数的21.8%。数码图像已成为蜘蛛分类研究中最重要的类型图, 使用数码图的论文占总数的95.2%; 基于两性标本发表的新种多于单性的新种, 占比达到60.3%。2021年中国学者发表了中国、缅甸等15个国家的330个新分类单元, 包括13新属317新种, 隶属39科; 中国学者2021年发表的新分类单元对世界的贡献率达到了33.8%, 高于2016-2020年的平均贡献率(28.1%)。

关键词: 分类学, 新属, 新种, 分布, 生物多样性

Abstract

Aim: Spiders are the most common and abundant predators in terrestrial ecosystems. Regularly summarizing the new taxa of the Araneae will help disseminate recent achievements in the field of spider diversity. The aim of this paper is to provide a global tally of new spider taxa published in 2021.

Progresses: A total of 975 new taxa (including species in amber) were described in 2021, including 47 new genera and 928 new species. They belong to 81 families, with type localities spanning across 81 countries. The new taxa were reported by 304 arachnologists in 254 papers, published in the 64 journals. China is the country where the most new species have been discovered, accounting for 28.7% of the worldwide. The most productive arachnologist is Shuqiang Li from China, who has discovered the most new taxa (21.8%) of the worldwide. Digital images have become the most predominant means of illustration, with 95.2% of publications using photomicroscopy images. New species published with both sexes described (60.3%) outnumbered those described based on specimens described from either a holotype male or female. The contribution of Chinese arachnologists took up a lion’s share of the new taxa of spiders described in 2021 in the world. Altogether, they described a total of 330 new taxa, comprising 13 new genera and 317 new species belonging to 39 families, from 15 countries, including China, Myanmar, etc. These new taxa described by Chinese arachnologists made up 33.8% of the 2021 global aggregate, an improvement over the Chinese output during the 2016-2020 period, which averaged at 28.1% within that time frame.

Key words: taxonomy, new genus, new species, distribution, biodiversity