生物多样性 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (11): 1481-1489. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021085
收稿日期:
2021-03-09
接受日期:
2021-07-14
出版日期:
2021-11-20
发布日期:
2021-11-12
通讯作者:
杨娟
作者简介:
E-mail: yangjuan@cugb.edu.cn基金资助:
Mengxia Wang, Xinyi Chen, Jie Zhang, Yuhang Song, Juan Yang()
Received:
2021-03-09
Accepted:
2021-07-14
Online:
2021-11-20
Published:
2021-11-12
Contact:
Juan Yang
摘要:
菲律宾海邻近全球生物多样性和进化的中心, 分布着多种重要生物资源。了解本区生物多样性及受威胁物种的分布特征可对掌握其生物多样性现状, 以及未来实施有效的生物多样性保护管理策略提供重要依据。本文利用海洋生物地理信息系统(Ocean Biogeographic Information System, OBIS)数据库, 并参考世界自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录(IUCN Redlist)的物种濒危程度评估结果, 构建了菲律宾海脊索动物生物多样性和受威胁物种数据库, 结合海洋生态因子特征对该海区脊索动物的物种多样性和不同等级受威胁物种的数量空间分布格局进行了初步分析, 并对脊索动物不同分类阶元生物多样性与生态因子的关系进行了相关性分析。结果表明, 本区海洋脊索动物门已报道11纲56目320科1,171属2,876种。其中在菲律宾海的边缘区域, 特别是菲律宾群岛、台湾岛、日本群岛、马里亚纳群岛及中央的九州-帕劳海脊附近海域, 生物多样性水平相对较高, 而中央海盆区的生物多样性较低。本海域鱼类生物多样性尤其丰富, 共计4纲45目292科1,105属2,768种, 在物种水平上占本区脊索动物物种数的96%。各分类阶元水平的多样性与初级生产力呈显著正相关, 而与水深呈显著负相关。本区脊索动物门受威胁物种共计54种, 其中极危3种、濒危5种、易危22种、近危24种, 分别约占全区脊索动物总种数的0.10%、0.17%、0.76%、0.83%。与本区生物多样性分布格局相似, 受威胁物种多分布于菲律宾海边缘区域, 在中央海脊和深水盆地区域分布较少。本研究表明, 对菲律宾海脊索动物特别是受威胁物种的保护应当以边缘区域优先; 但考虑到当前菲律宾海深海区域生物多样性数据的不足, 也应加强对中央海脊和深水盆地等区域的生物多样性普查。
王梦霞, 陈心怡, 张洁, 宋宇航, 杨娟 (2021) 菲律宾海脊索动物多样性评估: 基于OBIS数据库. 生物多样性, 29, 1481-1489. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021085.
Mengxia Wang, Xinyi Chen, Jie Zhang, Yuhang Song, Juan Yang (2021) Biodiversity of Chordata in the Philippine Sea: A case study based on OBIS. Biodiversity Science, 29, 1481-1489. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021085.
图2 菲律宾海海洋脊索动物门的纲、目、科、属、种水平的生物多样性分布
Fig. 2 Biodiversity distribution at class, order, family, genus and species levels of marine Chordata in the Philippine Sea
分类阶元Taxonomic levels | 水深 Water depth | 净初级生产力Net primary productivity | 海水表层温度 Sea surface temperature (SST) |
---|---|---|---|
纲 Class | -0.45** | 0.25** | -0.12* |
目 Order | -0.53** | 0.30** | -0.12* |
科 Family | -0.51** | 0.25** | - |
属 Genus | -0.48** | 0.24** | - |
种 Species | -0.42** | 0.21** | - |
表1 不同分类阶元生物多样性与生态因子的相关性
Table 1 Correlation between biodiversity and ecological factors at different taxonomic levels
分类阶元Taxonomic levels | 水深 Water depth | 净初级生产力Net primary productivity | 海水表层温度 Sea surface temperature (SST) |
---|---|---|---|
纲 Class | -0.45** | 0.25** | -0.12* |
目 Order | -0.53** | 0.30** | -0.12* |
科 Family | -0.51** | 0.25** | - |
属 Genus | -0.48** | 0.24** | - |
种 Species | -0.42** | 0.21** | - |
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