大熊猫国家公园的地栖大中型鸟兽多样性现状: 基于红外相机数据的分析

doi:10.17520/biods.2021165

生物多样性 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (11): 1490-1504. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021165

所属专题：青藏高原生物多样性与生态安全

• 研究报告: 动物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

大熊猫国家公园的地栖大中型鸟兽多样性现状: 基于红外相机数据的分析

田佳¹, 朱淑怡¹, 张晓峰³, 何礼文⁴, 古晓东⁵, 官天培⁶^,^*(), 李晟¹^,²^,^*()

1.北京大学生命科学学院, 北京 100871
2.北京大学生态研究中心, 北京 100871
3.陕西省林业局, 西安 710082
4.甘肃白水江国家级自然保护区, 甘肃陇南 746400
5.四川省林业与草原局, 成都 610081
6.西南民族大学青藏高原研究院, 成都 610225

收稿日期:2021-04-28 接受日期:2021-07-29 出版日期:2021-11-20 发布日期:2021-08-12
通讯作者: 官天培,李晟
作者简介:E-mail: shengli@pku.edu.cn
*E-mail: tp-guan@hotmail.com;
第一联系人：^# 共同第一作者 Co-first authors
基金资助:
生态环境部生物多样性调查、观测与评估项目(2019HJ2096001006);香港海洋公园保育基金(RB03_1617)

The diversity of large- and medium-sized terrestrial mammals and birds in the Giant Panda National Park: A meta-analysis based on camera-trapping data

Jia Tian¹, Shuyi Zhu¹, Xiaofeng Zhang³, Liwen He⁴, Xiaodong Gu⁵, Tianpei Guan⁶^,^*(), Sheng Li¹^,²^,^*()

1 School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871
2 Institute of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing 100871
3 Forestry Administration of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710082
4 Baishuijiang National Nature Reserve, Longnan, Gansu 746400
5 Forestry and Grassland Administration of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610081
6 Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225

Received:2021-04-28 Accepted:2021-07-29 Online:2021-11-20 Published:2021-08-12
Contact: Tianpei Guan,Sheng Li

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

生物多样性监测是国家公园保护的核心基础。大熊猫国家公园是我国首批5个国家公园之一, 系统的保护规划与有效的管理行动均有赖于对区内生物多样性本底、现状与动态的深入了解。为了解大熊猫国家公园范围内兽类与鸟类多样性本底与现状, 本研究系统检索了该区域内2005-2020年基于红外相机调查技术的野生动物研究论文、项目报告以及新闻报道, 并对区内原有保护地的红外相机监测历史与结果进行了问卷调查。结果表明, 2005-2020年期间, 在大熊猫国家公园范围内51个保护地的红外相机调查与监测中, 共记录到分属6目22科55属的71种野生兽类与分属13目45科132属的232种野生鸟类。在国家公园所覆盖的秦岭、岷山、邛崃山、相岭4大山系中, 邛崃和岷山记录到的大中型地栖鸟兽物种多样性最高(均为兽类40种, 鸟类12种), 相岭最低(兽类25种, 鸟类7种)。单个保护地中记录到的大中型地栖鸟兽物种数量与保护地面积、红外相机有效工作日及相机位点的海拔跨度均呈正相关, 国家级保护地中记录到的物种数(28 ± 8.3, mean ± SD)显著高于省级保护地(19 ± 8.9)。在大熊猫国家公园内共记录到猫科与犬科的4种大型食肉动物, 即豹(Panthera pardus)、雪豹(P. uncia)、狼(Canis lupus)和豺(Cuon alpinus), 主要来自于秦岭山系和邛崃山系, 而国家公园内的岷山山系则没有记录到大型食肉动物, 相岭山系中仅有1次狼的记录。本研究结果显示, 大熊猫国家公园内前期已经建立起的自然保护地网络与红外相机监测体系已积累大量区内野生兽类与鸟类的基础数据, 为国家公园的试点与建设提供了生物多样性编目与监测方面的可靠本底。在这些前期工作的基础上, 大熊猫国家公园应进一步规划、建设标准化的野生动物监测体系, 为今后国家公园的管理决策、成效评估提供坚实的科学支撑。

关键词: 自然保护地体系, 生物多样性编目, 野生动物监测, 红外相机网络, 大型食肉动物, 保护地管理

Abstract

Aims Biodiversity monitoring is the foundation of conservation work in national parks. Systematic conservation planning and effective management actions within these parks highly rely on an in-depth evaluation of biodiversity metrics. In China, the Giant Panda National Park (GPNP) is one of the first five national parks. To establish baseline metrics of mammal and bird diversity in GPNP, we conducted a meta-analysis based on published camera-trapping data.
Methods We systematically searched academic publications, project reports, and news articles that reported on wildlife camera-trapping studies between 2005 and 2020 in GPNP. We also conducted a questionnaire survey on the history and results of camera-trap monitoring projects within the protected areas of the region. These data were compiled for statistical analysis.
Result Between 2005 and 2020, 71 wild mammal species belonging to 6 orders, 22 families and 55 genera, and 232 wild bird species belonging to 13 orders, 45 families and 132 genera were recorded via camera-trap monitoring in 51 protected areas within GPNP. Among the four mountain ranges within GPNP (i.e., Mts. Qinling, Mts. Minshan, Mts. Qionglai and Mts. Xiangling), the species richness of large- and medium-sized terrestrial mammals and birds was the highest in Mts. Qionglai and Mts. Minshan (40 mammal and 12 pheasant species for each) and the lowest in Mts. Xiangling (25 mammal and 7 pheasant species). The recorded number of target species in individual protected areas was positively correlated with the area of protected area, sampling effort (measured as number of camera-days), and the camera station elevation range. The numbers of species recorded in national protected areas (28 ± 8.3, mean ± SD) were significantly higher than those in provincial protected areas (19 ± 8.9). Four large carnivores of Felidae and Canidae (leopard Panthera pardus, snow leopard P. uncia, wolf Canis lupus and dhole Cuon alpinus) were recorded in GPNP, primarily from Mts. Qinling and Mts. Qionglai, while no large carnivores were recorded within the park in Mts. Minshan and only one wolf was recorded in Mts. Xiangling.
Conclusion The previous protected area network and camera-trapping monitoring network prior to the establishment of GPNP have already accumulated a high quantity of data on wild mammals and birds in this region. These data provide a reliable baseline biodiversity inventory for the pilot and construction phases of GPNP. In light of these results, GPNP should design and implement a standardized wildlife monitoring system to further provide additional data for future evaluations of park management, decision-making, and conservation effectiveness.

Key words: protected area system, biodiversity inventory, wildlife monitoring, camera-trapping network, large carnivores, protected area management

田佳, 朱淑怡, 张晓峰, 何礼文, 古晓东, 官天培, 李晟 (2021) 大熊猫国家公园的地栖大中型鸟兽多样性现状: 基于红外相机数据的分析. 生物多样性, 29, 1490-1504. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021165.

Jia Tian, Shuyi Zhu, Xiaofeng Zhang, Liwen He, Xiaodong Gu, Tianpei Guan, Sheng Li (2021) The diversity of large- and medium-sized terrestrial mammals and birds in the Giant Panda National Park: A meta-analysis based on camera-trapping data. Biodiversity Science, 29, 1490-1504. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021165.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2021165

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2021/V29/I11/1490

图/表 8

参考文献 39

[1]	He BS, Sun RQ, Chen P, Dong W, Wang J, Wang DJ, Li S (2016) Baseline survey of mammal and bird diversity using camera-trapping in the Changqing National Nature Reserve of Shaanxi Province. Acta Theriologica Sinica, 36, 348-356. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 何百锁, 孙瑞谦, 陈鹏, 董伟, 王军, 王大军, 李晟 (2016) 基于红外相机技术调查长青国家级自然保护区兽类和鸟类多样性. 兽类学报, 36, 348-356.]
[2]	Hu JC, Zhang ZJ, Wei FW (2011) History, current situation and prospects on nature reserves for giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) in China. Acta Theriologica Sinica, 31, 10-14. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 胡锦矗, 张泽钧, 魏辅文 (2011) 中国大熊猫保护区发展历史、现状及前瞻. 兽类学报, 31, 10-14.]
[3]	Hu L, Xie WH, Shang T, Jiang BK, Xiao ZS (2016) Preliminary survey for mammal and bird diversity using camera traps in the Longxi-Hongkou National Nature Reserve of Sichuan Province, Southwest China. Acta Theriologica Sinica, 36, 330-337. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 胡力, 谢文华, 尚涛, 姜丙坤, 肖治术 (2016) 龙溪-虹口国家级自然保护区兽类和鸟类多样性红外相机调查结果初报. 兽类学报, 36, 330-337.]
[4]	Huang QY, Fei YX, Yang HB, Gu XD, Songer M (2020) Giant Panda National Park, a step towards streamlining protected areas and cohesive conservation management in China. Global Ecology and Conservation, 22, e00947.
[5]	Jiang ZG, Liu SY, Wu Y, Jiang XL, Zhou KY (2017) China’s mammal diversity (2nd edition). Biodiversity Science, 25, 886-895. (in Chinese with English abstract) DOI URL
	[ 蒋志刚, 刘少英, 吴毅, 蒋学龙, 周开亚 (2017) 中国哺乳动物多样性(第2版). 生物多样性, 25, 886-895.] DOI
[6]	Jiang ZJ, Ye XC, Hu JY, Yang B, Li SQ (2019) Infrared camera survey on the diversity of mammals and birds in Qianfoshan National Nature Reserve, Sichuan. Sichuan Journal of Zoology, 38, 99-106. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 蒋忠军, 叶信初, 胡加云, 杨彪, 李生强 (2019) 基于红外相机对四川千佛山国家级自然保护区兽类及鸟类多样性的初步调查. 四川动物, 38, 99-106.]
[7]	Kays R, Arbogast BS, Baker-Whatton M, Beirne C, Boone HM, Bowler M, Burneo SF, Cove MV, Ding P, Espinosa S, Gonçalves ALS, Hansen CP, Jansen PA, Kolowski JM, Knowles TW, Lima MGM, Millspaugh J, McShea WJ, Pacifici K, Parsons AW, Pease BS, Rovero F, Santos F, Schuttler SG, Sheil D, Si XF, Snider M, Spironello WR (2020) An empirical evaluation of camera trap study design: How many, how long and when? Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 11, 700-713. DOI URL
[8]	Li BV, Pimm SL (2016) China’s endemic vertebrates sheltering under the protective umbrella of the giant panda. Conservation Biology, 30, 329-339. DOI URL
[9]	Li S (2020) Development progress and outlook of the wildlife camera-trapping networks in China. Biodiversity Science, 28, 1045-1048. (in Chinese) DOI URL
	[ 李晟 (2020) 中国野生动物红外相机监测网络建设进展与展望. 生物多样性, 28, 1045-1048.] DOI
[10]	Li S, Feng J, Li BV, Lü Z (2021) The Giant Panda National Park: Experiences and lessons learned from the pilot. Biodiversity Science, 29, 307-311. (in Chinese) DOI URL
	[ 李晟, 冯杰, 李彬彬, 吕植 (2021) 大熊猫国家公园体制试点的经验与挑战. 生物多样性, 29, 307-311.] DOI
[11]	Li S, McShea WJ, Wang DJ, Gu XD, Zhang XF, Zhang L, Shen XL (2020) Retreat of large carnivores across the giant panda distribution range. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 4, 1327-1331.
[12]	Li S, McShea WJ, Wang DJ, Shen XL, Bu HL, Guan TP, Wang F, Gu XD, Zhang XF, Liao HH (2020) Construction progress of the Camera-trapping Network for the Mountains of Southwest China. Biodiversity Science, 28, 1049-1058. (in Chinese with English abstract) DOI URL
	[ 李晟, McShea WJ, 王大军, 申小莉, 卜红亮, 官天培, 王放, 古晓东, 张晓峰, 廖灏泓 (2020) 西南山地红外相机监测网络建设进展. 生物多样性, 28, 1049-1058.]
[13]	Li S, Wang DJ, Gu XD, McShea WJ (2010) Beyond pandas, the need for a standardized monitoring protocol for large mammals in Chinese nature reserves. Biodiversity and Conservation, 19, 3195-3206. DOI URL
[14]	Li S, Wang DJ, Xiao ZS, Li XH, Wang TM, Feng LM, Wang Y (2014) Camera-trapping in wildlife research and conservation in China: Review and outlook. Biodiversity Science, 22, 685-695. (in Chinese with English abstract) DOI URL
	[ 李晟, 王大军, 肖治术, 李欣海, 王天明, 冯利民, 王云 (2014) 红外相机技术在我国野生动物研究与保护中的应用与前景. 生物多样性, 22, 685-695.] DOI
[15]	Lu XL, Jiang ZG, Tang JR, Wang XJ, Xiang DQ, Zhang JP (2005) Auto-trigger camera traps for studying giant panda and its sympatric wildlife species. Acta Zoologica Sinica, 51, 495-500. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 卢学理, 蒋志刚, 唐继荣, 王学杰, 向定乾, 张建平 (2005) 自动感应照相系统在大熊猫以及同域分布的野生动物研究中的应用. 动物学报, 51, 495-500.]
[16]	Mi XC (2019) Biodiversity monitoring and research are basis of national park conservation. Biodiversity Science, 27, 1-4. (in Chinese) DOI URL
	[ 米湘成 (2019) 生物多样性监测与研究是国家公园保护的基础. 生物多样性, 27, 1-4.] DOI
[17]	Myers N, Mittermeier RA, Mittermeier CG da Fonseca GAB, Kent J (2000) Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature, 403, 853-858. DOI URL
[18]	Ripple WJ, Estes JA, Beschta RL, Wilmers CC, Ritchie EG, Hebblewhite M, Berger J, Elmhagen B, Letnic M, Nelson MP, Schmitz OJ, Smith DW, Wallach AD, Wirsing AJ (2014) Status and ecological effects of the world’s largest carnivores. Science, 343, 1241484.
[19]	Shi XY, Fu Q, Wang L, Jiang ZY, Shi XG, Li S (2018) Notes on the natural hybridization of golden pheasant Chrysolophus pictus and lady amherst’s pheasant C. amherstiae in Anzihe Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province. Chinese Journal of Zoology, 53, 660-663. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 史晓昀, 付强, 王磊, 蒋泽银, 施小刚, 李晟 (2018) 四川鞍子河保护区发现红腹锦鸡与白腹锦鸡的自然杂交. 动物学杂志, 53, 660-663.]
[20]	Si XF, Kays R, Ding P (2014) How long is enough to detect terrestrial animals? Estimating the minimum trapping effort on camera traps. PeerJ, 2, e374. DOI URL
[21]	Sichuan Forestry Department (2015) The Pandas of Sichuan:The 4th Survey Report on Giant Panda in Sichuan Province. Sichuan Science and Technology Press, Chengdu. (in Chinese)
	[ 四川省林业厅 (2015) 四川的大熊猫--四川省第四次大熊猫调查报告. 四川科学技术出版社, 成都.]
[22]	Suraci JP, Clinchy M, Dill LM, Roberts D, Zanette LY (2016) Fear of large carnivores causes a trophic cascade. Nature Communications, 7, 10698. DOI URL
[23]	Tian C, Li JQ, Yang XY, Yu L, Yuan D, Li YX (2018) Preliminary surveys of wild animals using infrared camera in Wanglang National Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province. Biodiversity Science, 26, 620-626. (in Chinese with English abstract) DOI URL
	[ 田成, 李俊清, 杨旭煜, 余鳞, 袁丹, 黎运喜 (2018) 利用红外相机技术对四川王朗国家级自然保护区野生动物物种多样性的初步调查. 生物多样性, 26, 620-626.] DOI
[24]	Tilson R, Hu DF, Muntifering J, Nyhus PJ (2004) Dramatic decline of wild South China tigers: Field survey of priority tiger reserves. Oryx, 38, 40-47.
[25]	Wang DJ, Li S, McShea WJ, Fu LM (2006) Use of remote-trip cameras for wildlife surveys and evaluating the effectiveness of conservation activities at a nature reserve in Sichuan Province, China. Environmental Management, 38, 942-951. DOI URL
[26]	Wickham H, Chang W, Henry L, Pedersen TL, Takahashi K, Wilke C, Woo K, Yutani H, Dunnington D (2020) ggplot2: Create elegant data visualisations using the grammar of graphics. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/ggplot2/in dex.html. (accessed on 2021-04-22)
[27]	Wolf C, Ripple WJ (2017) Range contractions of the world’s large carnivores. Royal Society Open Science, 4, 170052.
[28]	Xiao ZS (2019) Application of camera trapping to species inventory and assessment of wild animals across China’s protected areas. Biodiversity Science, 27, 235-236. (in Chinese) DOI URL
	[ 肖治术 (2019) 红外相机技术在我国自然保护地野生动物清查与评估中的应用. 生物多样性, 27, 235-236.] DOI
[29]	Xiao ZS, Li XH, Jiang GS (2014a) Applications of camera trapping to wildlife surveys in China. Biodiversity Science, 22, 683-684. (in Chinese) DOI URL
	[ 肖治术, 李欣海, 姜广顺 (2014a) 红外相机技术在我国野生动物监测研究中的应用. 生物多样性, 22, 683-684.]
[30]	Xiao ZS, Wang XZ, Huang XQ (2014b) Mammal and bird diversity in Qingchengshan Forest Park, Southwest China: Data from camera traps. Biodiversity Science, 22, 788-793. (in Chinese) DOI URL
	[ 肖治术, 王学志, 黄小群 (2014b) 青城山森林公园兽类和鸟类资源初步调查: 基于红外相机数据. 生物多样性, 22, 788-793.]
[31]	Xue BJ, Zhang YJ, An TT, Wang ZC, Jiang YF (2017) Discussion on national park site selection for flagship giant panda species. Journal of Chinese Urban Forestry, 15(2), 24-28. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 薛冰洁, 张玉钧, 安童童, 王志臣, 蒋亚芳 (2017) 旗舰种大熊猫国家公园选址研究. 中国城市林业, 15(2), 24-28.]
[32]	Yang B, Qin SY, Xu WS, Busch J, Yang XY, Gu XD, Yang ZS, Wang B, Dai Q, Xu Y (2020) Gap analysis of giant panda conservation as an example for planning China’s national park system. Current Biology, 30, 1287-1291. DOI URL
[33]	Yang R (2017) Conservation first, national representative, and commonwealth: The three concepts of China’s National Park System Construction. Biodiversity Science, 25, 1040-1041. (in Chinese) DOI
	[ 杨锐 (2017) 生态保护第一、国家代表性、全民公益性--中国国家公园体制建设的三大理念. 生物多样性, 25, 1040-1041.] DOI
[34]	Zang ZH, Zhang D, Wang N, Du A, Kong LQ, Xu WH, Ouyang ZY (2020) Experiences, achievement, problems and recommendations of the first batch of China’s national park system pilots. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 40, 8839-8850. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 臧振华, 张多, 王楠, 杜傲, 孔令桥, 徐卫华, 欧阳志云 (2020) 中国首批国家公园体制试点的经验与成效、问题与建议. 生态学报, 40, 8839-8850.]
[35]	Zhang DC, He YL, Feng YF, Hu JC, Yang B, Li SQ (2020) Preliminary camera-trapping survey on wild mammals and birds in the Wujiao Nature Reserve, Sichuan. Sichuan Journal of Zoology, 39, 221-228. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 张德丞, 和延龙, 冯一帆, 胡建成, 杨彪, 李生强 (2020) 四川勿角自然保护区野生鸟兽的红外相机初步监测. 四川动物, 39, 221-228.]
[36]	Zheng GM (2017) A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of China, 3rd edn. Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[ 郑光美 (2017) 中国鸟类分类与分布名录(第三版). 科学出版社, 北京.]
[37]	Zhou LG, Zhang XM, Jiu Q, Meng XM (2017) The Pandas of Qinling:The 4th Survey Report on Giant Panda in Shaanxi Province. Shaanxi Science and Technology Press, Xi’an. (in Chinese)
	[ 周灵国, 张希明, 酒强, 孟祥明 (2017) 秦岭大熊猫--陕西省第四次大熊猫调查报告. 陕西科学技术出版社, 西安.]
[38]	Zhu CQ (2017) The objectives and missions of establishing China’s national park system. Biodiversity Science, 25, 1047-1049. (in Chinese) DOI URL
	[ 朱春全 (2017) 国家公园体制建设的目标与任务. 生物多样性, 25, 1047-1049.] DOI
[39]	Zhu SY, Duan F, Li S (2017) Promoting diversity inventory and monitoring of birds through the camera-trapping network in China: Status, challenges and future outlook. Biodiversity Science, 25, 1114-1122. (in Chinese with English abstract) DOI URL
	[ 朱淑怡, 段菲, 李晟 (2017) 基于红外相机网络促进我国鸟类多样性监测: 现状、问题与前景. 生物多样性, 25, 1114-1122.] DOI

物种 Species	国家保护级别 National protected category	IUCN评估级别 IUCN Red List*	记录保护地数 No. protected areas detected
(一)兔形目 Lagomorpha
(1)兔科 Leporidae
1. 灰尾兔 Lepus oiostolus		LC	1
2. 蒙古兔 Lepus tolai		LC	1
(二)啮齿目 Rodentia
(2)松鼠科 Sciuridae
3. 赤腹松鼠 Callosciurus erythraeus		LC	2
4. 岩松鼠 Sciurotamias davidianus		LC	19
5. 北松鼠 Sciurus vulgaris		LC	1
6. 隐纹花松鼠 Tamiops swinhoei		LC	16
7. 珀氏长吻松鼠 Dremomys pernyi		LC	5
8. 北花松鼠 Tamias sibiricus		LC	6
9. 喜马拉雅旱獭 Marmota himalayana		LC	5
(3)豪猪科 Hystricidae
10. 中国豪猪 Hystrix hodgsoni		LC	38
(三)灵长目 Primates
(4)猴科 Cercopithecidae
11. 藏酋猴 Macaca thibetana	Ⅱ	NT	18
12. 猕猴 Macaca mulatta	Ⅱ	LC	7
13. 川金丝猴 Rhinopithecus roxellana	Ⅰ	EN	38
(四)食肉目 Carnivora
(5)犬科 Canidae
14. 豺 Cuon alpinus	Ⅰ	EN	5
15. 赤狐 Vulpes vulpes	Ⅱ	LC	7
16. 狼 Canis lupus	Ⅱ	LC	3
17. 貉 Nyctereutes procyonoides	Ⅱ	LC	1
(6)熊科 Ursidae
18. 大熊猫 Ailuropoda melanoleuca	Ⅰ	VU	40
19. 黑熊 Ursus thibetanus	Ⅱ	VU	37
(7)小熊猫科 Ailuridae
20. 中华小熊猫 Ailurus styani	Ⅱ	EN	13
(8)鼬科 Mustelidae
21. 黄腹鼬 Mustela kathiah		LC	3
22. 香鼬 Mustela altaica		NT	7
23. 黄鼬 Mustela sibirica		LC	32
24. 缺齿伶鼬 Mustela aistoodonnivalis		DD	4
25. 石貂 Martes foina	Ⅱ	LC	5
26. 黄喉貂 Martes flavigula	Ⅱ	LC	36
27. 欧亚水獭 Lutra lutra	Ⅱ	NT	6
28. 亚洲狗獾 Meles leucurus		LC	7
29. 鼬獾 Melogale moschata		LC	13
30. 猪獾 Arctonyx albogularis**		LC	37
物种 Species	国家保护级别 National protected category	IUCN评估级别 IUCN Red List*	记录保护地数 No. protected areas detected
(9)灵猫科 Viverridae
31. 小灵猫 Viverricula indica	Ⅰ	LC	1
32. 花面狸 Paguma larvata		LC	35
(10)林狸科 Prionodontidae
33. 斑林狸 Prionodon pardicolor	Ⅱ	LC	1
(11)猫科 Felidae
34. 豹猫 Prionailurus bengalensis	Ⅱ	LC	36
35. 荒漠猫 Felis bieti	Ⅰ	VU	2
36. 金猫 Pardofelis temminckii	Ⅰ	NT	13
37. 豹 Panthera pardus	Ⅰ	VU	10
38. 雪豹 Panthera uncia	Ⅰ	VU	4
(五)偶蹄目 Artiodactyla
(12)麝科 Moschidae
39. 林麝 Moschus berezovskii	Ⅰ	EN	35
40. 马麝 Moschus chrysogaster	Ⅰ	EN	3
(13)鹿科 Cervidae
41. 狍 Capreolus pygargus		LC	5
42. 小麂 Muntiacus reevesi		LC	29
43. 毛冠鹿 Elaphodus cephalophus	Ⅱ	NT	38
44. 水鹿 Rusa unicolor	Ⅱ	VU	7
45. 梅花鹿 Cervus nippon	Ⅰ	LC	1
(14)牛科 Bovidae
46. 秦岭羚牛 Budorcas bedfordi	Ⅰ	VU	11
47. 四川羚牛 Budorcas tibetanus	Ⅰ	VU	28
48. 岩羊 Pseudois nayaur	Ⅱ	LC	9
49. 中华斑羚 Naemorhedus griseus	Ⅱ	VU	34
50. 中华鬣羚 Capricornis milneedwardsii	Ⅱ	NT	36
(15)猪科 Suidae
51. 野猪 Sus scrofa		LC	38

物种 Species	国家保护级别 National protected category	IUCN评估级别 IUCN Red List*	记录保护地数 No. protected areas detected
(一)兔形目 Lagomorpha
(1)兔科 Leporidae
1. 灰尾兔 Lepus oiostolus		LC	1
2. 蒙古兔 Lepus tolai		LC	1
(二)啮齿目 Rodentia
(2)松鼠科 Sciuridae
3. 赤腹松鼠 Callosciurus erythraeus		LC	2
4. 岩松鼠 Sciurotamias davidianus		LC	19
5. 北松鼠 Sciurus vulgaris		LC	1
6. 隐纹花松鼠 Tamiops swinhoei		LC	16
7. 珀氏长吻松鼠 Dremomys pernyi		LC	5
8. 北花松鼠 Tamias sibiricus		LC	6
9. 喜马拉雅旱獭 Marmota himalayana		LC	5
(3)豪猪科 Hystricidae
10. 中国豪猪 Hystrix hodgsoni		LC	38
(三)灵长目 Primates
(4)猴科 Cercopithecidae
11. 藏酋猴 Macaca thibetana	Ⅱ	NT	18
12. 猕猴 Macaca mulatta	Ⅱ	LC	7
13. 川金丝猴 Rhinopithecus roxellana	Ⅰ	EN	38
(四)食肉目 Carnivora
(5)犬科 Canidae
14. 豺 Cuon alpinus	Ⅰ	EN	5
15. 赤狐 Vulpes vulpes	Ⅱ	LC	7
16. 狼 Canis lupus	Ⅱ	LC	3
17. 貉 Nyctereutes procyonoides	Ⅱ	LC	1
(6)熊科 Ursidae
18. 大熊猫 Ailuropoda melanoleuca	Ⅰ	VU	40
19. 黑熊 Ursus thibetanus	Ⅱ	VU	37
(7)小熊猫科 Ailuridae
20. 中华小熊猫 Ailurus styani	Ⅱ	EN	13
(8)鼬科 Mustelidae
21. 黄腹鼬 Mustela kathiah		LC	3
22. 香鼬 Mustela altaica		NT	7
23. 黄鼬 Mustela sibirica		LC	32
24. 缺齿伶鼬 Mustela aistoodonnivalis		DD	4
25. 石貂 Martes foina	Ⅱ	LC	5
26. 黄喉貂 Martes flavigula	Ⅱ	LC	36
27. 欧亚水獭 Lutra lutra	Ⅱ	NT	6
28. 亚洲狗獾 Meles leucurus		LC	7
29. 鼬獾 Melogale moschata		LC	13
30. 猪獾 Arctonyx albogularis**		LC	37
物种 Species	国家保护级别 National protected category	IUCN评估级别 IUCN Red List*	记录保护地数 No. protected areas detected
(9)灵猫科 Viverridae
31. 小灵猫 Viverricula indica	Ⅰ	LC	1
32. 花面狸 Paguma larvata		LC	35
(10)林狸科 Prionodontidae
33. 斑林狸 Prionodon pardicolor	Ⅱ	LC	1
(11)猫科 Felidae
34. 豹猫 Prionailurus bengalensis	Ⅱ	LC	36
35. 荒漠猫 Felis bieti	Ⅰ	VU	2
36. 金猫 Pardofelis temminckii	Ⅰ	NT	13
37. 豹 Panthera pardus	Ⅰ	VU	10
38. 雪豹 Panthera uncia	Ⅰ	VU	4
(五)偶蹄目 Artiodactyla
(12)麝科 Moschidae
39. 林麝 Moschus berezovskii	Ⅰ	EN	35
40. 马麝 Moschus chrysogaster	Ⅰ	EN	3
(13)鹿科 Cervidae
41. 狍 Capreolus pygargus		LC	5
42. 小麂 Muntiacus reevesi		LC	29
43. 毛冠鹿 Elaphodus cephalophus	Ⅱ	NT	38
44. 水鹿 Rusa unicolor	Ⅱ	VU	7
45. 梅花鹿 Cervus nippon	Ⅰ	LC	1
(14)牛科 Bovidae
46. 秦岭羚牛 Budorcas bedfordi	Ⅰ	VU	11
47. 四川羚牛 Budorcas tibetanus	Ⅰ	VU	28
48. 岩羊 Pseudois nayaur	Ⅱ	LC	9
49. 中华斑羚 Naemorhedus griseus	Ⅱ	VU	34
50. 中华鬣羚 Capricornis milneedwardsii	Ⅱ	NT	36
(15)猪科 Suidae
51. 野猪 Sus scrofa		LC	38

物种 Species	国家保护级别 National protected category	IUCN评估级别 IUCN Red List*	记录保护地数 No. of protected areas detected
1. 斑尾榛鸡 Tetrastes sewerzowi	I	NT	4
2. 雪鹑 Lerwa lerwa		LC	5
3. 红喉雉鹑 Tetraophasis obscurus	I	LC	9
4. 藏雪鸡 Tetraogallus tibetanus	II	LC	6
5. 高原山鹑 Perdix hodgsoniae		LC	3
6. 灰胸竹鸡 Bambusicola thoracicus		LC	7
7. 血雉 Ithaginis cruentus	II	LC	34
8. 红腹角雉 Tragopan temminckii	II	LC	39
9. 勺鸡 Pucrasia macrolopha	II	LC	25
10. 绿尾虹雉 Lophophorus lhuysii	I	VU	12
11. 白鹇 Lophura nycthemera	II	LC	1
12. 白马鸡 Crossoptilon crossoptilon	II	NT	1
13. 蓝马鸡 Crossoptilon auritum	II	LC	6
14. 环颈雉 Phasianus colchicus		LC	14
15. 红腹锦鸡 Chrysolophus pictus	II	LC	34
16. 白腹锦鸡 Chrysolophus amherstiae	II	LC	6
红腹锦鸡 × 白腹锦鸡 Chrysolophus pictus × C. amherstiae		-	1

物种 Species	国家保护级别 National protected category	IUCN评估级别 IUCN Red List*	记录保护地数 No. of protected areas detected
1. 斑尾榛鸡 Tetrastes sewerzowi	I	NT	4
2. 雪鹑 Lerwa lerwa		LC	5
3. 红喉雉鹑 Tetraophasis obscurus	I	LC	9
4. 藏雪鸡 Tetraogallus tibetanus	II	LC	6
5. 高原山鹑 Perdix hodgsoniae		LC	3
6. 灰胸竹鸡 Bambusicola thoracicus		LC	7
7. 血雉 Ithaginis cruentus	II	LC	34
8. 红腹角雉 Tragopan temminckii	II	LC	39
9. 勺鸡 Pucrasia macrolopha	II	LC	25
10. 绿尾虹雉 Lophophorus lhuysii	I	VU	12
11. 白鹇 Lophura nycthemera	II	LC	1
12. 白马鸡 Crossoptilon crossoptilon	II	NT	1
13. 蓝马鸡 Crossoptilon auritum	II	LC	6
14. 环颈雉 Phasianus colchicus		LC	14
15. 红腹锦鸡 Chrysolophus pictus	II	LC	34
16. 白腹锦鸡 Chrysolophus amherstiae	II	LC	6
红腹锦鸡 × 白腹锦鸡 Chrysolophus pictus × C. amherstiae		-	1

自变量 Independent variable	回归系数 Regression coefficient	标准误差 Standard error	P
保护地级别 Level of protected area	0.1072	0.0998	0.283
log (保护地面积 Area of protected area (km²))	0.0642	0.0489	0.189
log (相机有效工作日 Effective camera-day (×10⁴))	0.2811	0.0685	4.04×10^-5***
海拔跨度 Elevation span (m)	0.0112	0.0579	0.847

大熊猫国家公园的地栖大中型鸟兽多样性现状: 基于红外相机数据的分析

The diversity of large- and medium-sized terrestrial mammals and birds in the Giant Panda National Park: A meta-analysis based on camera-trapping data

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

补充材料

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 8

参考文献 39

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	鲁彬悦, 李坤, 王晨溪, 李晟. 基于传感器标记的野生动物追踪技术在中国的应用现状与展望[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(5): 23497-.
[2]	王一晴, 马子驭, 王刚, 刘炎林, 宋大昭, 刘蓓蓓, 李露, 范新国, 黄巧雯, 李晟. 太行山华北豹袭击家畜的时空特点与管理建议: 以山西省和顺县为例[J]. 生物多样性, 2022, 30(9): 21510-.
[3]	马子驭, 何再新, 王一晴, 宋大昭, 夏凡, 崔士明, 苏红信, 邓建林, 李平, 李晟. 中国云豹种群分布现状与关键栖息地信息更新[J]. 生物多样性, 2022, 30(9): 22349-.
[4]	刘童祎, 姜立云, 乔格侠. 中国半翅目等29目昆虫新分类单元2021年年度报告[J]. 生物多样性, 2022, 30(8): 22300-.
[5]	郭淳鹏, 钟茂君, 汪晓意, 杨胜男, 唐科, 贾乐乐, 张春兰, 胡军华. 福建省两栖、爬行动物更新名录[J]. 生物多样性, 2022, 30(8): 22090-.
[6]	肖治术, 肖文宏, 王天明, 李晟, 连新明, 宋大昭, 邓雪琴, 周岐海. 中国野生动物红外相机监测与研究: 现状及未来[J]. 生物多样性, 2022, 30(10): 22451-.
[7]	李晟, 王大军, 陈祥辉, 卜红亮, 刘小庚, 靳彤. 四川老河沟保护地2011-2015年野生动物红外相机监测数据集[J]. 生物多样性, 2021, 29(9): 1170-1174.
[8]	孔玥峤, 李晟, 刘宝权, 周佳俊, 李成, 余建平. 2010-2020年中华穿山甲在中国的发现记录及保护现状[J]. 生物多样性, 2021, 29(7): 910-917.
[9]	郭英荣, 兰文军, 邹思成, 袁荣斌, 董晓雨, 曹吉锐, 杨清培, 宋庆妮. 江西武夷山国家级自然保护区林下鸟类和兽类资源的红外相机监测[J]. 生物多样性, 2021, 29(6): 811-818.
[10]	刘雪华, 张语克, 赵翔宇, 何祥博, 蔡琼, 朱云, 何百锁, 酒强. 秦岭中段野生动物多样性的红外相机监测数据库平台介绍[J]. 生物多样性, 2020, 28(9): 1075-1080.
[11]	申小莉, 余建平, 李晟, 肖慧芸, 陈小南, 陈声文, 刘鸣章, 马克平. 钱江源国家公园红外相机监测平台进展概述[J]. 生物多样性, 2020, 28(9): 1110-1114.
[12]	李佳, 王秀磊, 杨明伟, 陈大祥, 王晓菊, 罗平, 刘芳, 薛亚东, 李广良, 张于光, 张宇, 李迪强. 自然保护区生物标本资源共享子平台红外相机数据库建设进展[J]. 生物多样性, 2020, 28(9): 1081-1089.
[13]	史晓昀,施小刚,胡强,官天培,付强,张剑,姚蒙,李晟. 四川邛崃山脉雪豹与散放牦牛潜在分布重叠与捕食风险评估[J]. 生物多样性, 2019, 27(9): 951-959.
[14]	穆君, 王娇娇, 张雷, 李云波, 李筑眉, 粟海军. 贵州习水国家级自然保护区红外相机鸟兽监测及活动节律分析[J]. 生物多样性, 2019, 27(6): 683-688.
[15]	邵昕宁, 宋大昭, 黄巧雯, 李晟, 姚蒙. 基于粪便DNA及宏条形码技术的食肉动物快速调查及食性分析[J]. 生物多样性, 2019, 27(5): 543-556.